ssl证书和密钥的解码分析

三五青年

于 2024-01-31 15:15:16 发布

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证书和密钥是ssl协议中常用的两个对象，那么其中包含什么可见的内容呢？

常见的证书、PEM、CER、PFX 等，均采用ASN.1编码。我们使用openssl签发一个证书，然后使用ASN.1解码工具进行解码看看：

1、证书解码

使用openssl工具对证书进行asn1解码，可以看到，显示了签发证书的一些信息。包括证书签发机构、签发时间、过期时间、CommonName、算法等信息。

openssl asn1parse -in client.crt
    0:d=0  hl=4 l= 749 cons: SEQUENCE
    4:d=1  hl=4 l= 469 cons: SEQUENCE
    8:d=2  hl=2 l=   9 prim: INTEGER           :AF2A32A03C8AF037
   19:d=2  hl=2 l=  13 cons: SEQUENCE
   21:d=3  hl=2 l=   9 prim: OBJECT            :sha1WithRSAEncryption
   32:d=3  hl=2 l=   0 prim: NULL
   34:d=2  hl=2 l=  50 cons: SEQUENCE
   36:d=3  hl=2 l=  48 cons: SET
   38:d=4  hl=2 l=  46 cons: SEQUENCE
   40:d=5  hl=2 l=   3 prim: OBJECT            :organizationName
   45:d=5  hl=2 l=  39 prim: UTF8STRING        :TLS Project Dodgy Certificate Authority
   86:d=2  hl=2 l=  30 cons: SEQUENCE
   88:d=3  hl=2 l=  13 prim: UTCTIME           :210810072824Z
  103:d=3  hl=2 l=  13 prim: UTCTIME           :350419072824Z
  118:d=2  hl=2 l=  63 cons: SEQUENCE
  120:d=3  hl=2 l=  39 cons: SET
  122:d=4  hl=2 l=  37 cons: SEQUENCE
  124:d=5  hl=2 l=   3 prim: OBJECT            :organizationName
  129:d=5  hl=2 l=  30 prim: UTF8STRING        :TLS Project Device Certificate
  161:d=3  hl=2 l=  20 cons: SET
  163:d=4  hl=2 l=  18 cons: SEQUENCE
  165:d=5  hl=2 l=   3 prim: OBJECT            :commonName
  170:d=5  hl=2 l=  11 prim: UTF8STRING        :10.1.10.233
  183:d=2  hl=4 l= 290 cons: SEQUENCE
  187:d=3  hl=2 l=  13 cons: SEQUENCE
  189:d=4  hl=2 l=   9 prim: OBJECT            :rsaEncryption
  200:d=4  hl=2 l=   0 prim: NULL
  202:d=3  hl=4 l= 271 prim: BIT STRING
  477:d=1  hl=2 l=  13 cons: SEQUENCE
  479:d=2  hl=2 l=   9 prim: OBJECT            :sha1WithRSAEncryption
  490:d=2  hl=2 l=   0 prim: NULL
  492:d=1  hl=4 l= 257 prim: BIT STRING

2、私钥解码

modules参数表示模数，模数的位数指的就是私钥的位数，此处为RSA 2048位

 openssl rsa -in client.key -text -noout
RSA Private-Key: (2048 bit, 2 primes)
modulus:
    00:d6:37:f8:6e:96:26:63:f7:ca:f4:bf:a4:4c:cb:
    7f:23:82:e1:1f:4d:33:19:66:4d:03:eb:03:60:88:
    c0:a8:75:f0:01:dc:a9:05:e4:ed:12:8c:bd:88:a2:
    35:8e:7d:06:6b:c5:6f:58:d5:12:40:7a:be:ad:dc:
    2c:97:a7:2c:dd:f8:ca:c5:81:75:1f:a2:07:a9:62:
    34:f4:78:b6:5a:f5:e5:e9:48:75:e5:22:ce:c7:1e:
    44:54:d6:37:a6:7d:79:4f:95:65:08:7b:c6:b8:e3:
    12:49:a4:4a:a6:80:f3:05:b9:36:87:1f:58:e0:bc:
    e2:92:18:63:cf:d9:3c:9b:48:b3:b7:6b:52:71:5f:
    58:1c:2a:66:3f:b3:5e:b3:3a:71:d4:5b:6b:f2:af:
    25:2a:2e:05:74:56:74:6f:1f:ec:de:52:86:6c:7a:
    f9:94:18:95:b3:78:89:02:f0:ff:15:18:d1:ec:bf:
    34:4e:81:48:f3:3b:b4:cd:28:34:1d:8a:6e:8c:c4:
    3f:c5:0b:6a:2a:17:b5:47:e5:b1:d8:56:d5:a2:c6:
    28:0f:56:8b:cc:41:4d:03:71:51:c2:40:28:21:2d:
    bd:b1:77:73:f7:0d:a1:bd:39:1f:72:bd:32:9d:89:
    87:07:74:b5:95:9b:f5:3c:f1:83:d3:3a:b4:13:26:
    38:e3
publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
privateExponent:
    00:d5:b2:ec:30:55:b5:62:90:b5:74:c7:21:3e:42:
    db:48:2f:ae:28:ad:b8:c6:23:d9:bc:88:db:cb:97:
    60:aa:2d:4d:0a:6e:78:67:1a:e2:ad:58:9d:53:0a:
    8e:66:e0:ae:61:20:8a:5d:91:e1:2d:55:c5:96:67:
    48:4c:d9:46:d7:00:f4:37:67:57:d2:00:af:a7:f8:
    02:5f:c7:74:12:f5:af:2f:b3:4b:79:13:ea:37:95:
    28:11:81:c9:ee:5a:c9:83:ec:c2:e7:5d:a2:f6:99:
    ff:8a:5b:4c:e5:21:4a:4e:71:5f:c6:18:2d:6f:b4:
    be:49:83:ef:3e:4f:b6:38:28:d0:20:ad:3a:03:65:
    40:df:8f:d5:6c:04:0d:ec:f9:7f:f9:c2:d5:64:42:
    13:9d:8f:b2:ec:12:02:c7:30:02:7b:27:9a:d1:61:
    7a:bc:fe:99:3e:e2:da:ec:a2:a0:af:72:30:0d:05:
    a8:06:22:51:1c:27:20:87:19:3b:28:9e:af:45:a2:
    80:26:6b:92:94:15:34:a7:16:9a:30:94:e3:ca:d2:
    1c:bd:ac:ca:34:29:1b:e2:46:43:2b:7f:95:98:8c:
    e0:55:0b:01:67:94:80:4a:ba:18:23:43:4f:ba:bd:
    9b:78:b0:c4:7b:e5:8b:e4:17:8d:27:e7:82:8f:90:
    6f:a1
prime1:
    00:fc:85:80:5c:3a:0e:db:22:a3:e2:36:84:40:90:
    2c:d0:68:81:7a:8a:5a:2b:4b:f9:0c:6f:58:af:61:
    3f:f0:78:c9:3f:c6:a0:e8:1c:d6:46:3a:95:64:f7:
    59:de:5a:7e:7f:20:92:53:bc:0c:38:99:28:0b:43:
    42:75:06:d9:2b:eb:cd:24:d3:09:45:3c:f3:7a:f0:
    11:a5:fc:d3:26:3d:ea:77:96:1b:89:fc:16:80:97:
    31:1d:31:b4:0d:01:57:ed:81:1d:8d:cb:97:1d:b1:
    1a:c9:e5:33:3f:1b:9f:41:43:e3:27:f2:40:15:e6:
    cc:79:9e:c3:4e:45:3d:44:49
prime2:
    00:d9:2b:65:95:34:d1:ae:71:3d:b2:1b:c5:1c:c5:
    2e:44:9d:4f:a8:e8:7e:9b:b0:71:69:d6:da:5c:5a:
    0e:37:42:b3:b0:da:6a:36:4f:86:73:49:81:cc:27:
    db:05:4f:9b:69:f9:45:00:6a:51:f3:6f:c2:ce:f4:
    c3:f1:f8:3e:9f:fc:43:ae:6c:1b:c7:bf:fa:91:e5:
    92:45:fc:34:c8:52:88:79:8d:8c:03:ee:86:38:cd:
    c2:3d:60:39:87:10:51:c3:ce:ca:59:1f:d3:6d:84:
    fc:8b:d5:af:07:66:23:cb:0d:88:f7:29:d2:d4:f8:
    1b:8f:1b:09:09:39:b2:7b:cb
exponent1:
    7f:16:55:36:95:45:9a:c5:c1:42:fc:fa:ec:5f:63:
    1e:74:2a:0d:d9:09:6e:56:ea:fd:76:20:65:0b:85:
    99:69:c0:a7:27:39:1d:f8:3d:62:d4:e3:11:10:67:
    9b:3f:62:00:6b:0d:19:b5:3f:55:50:c7:55:7b:c1:
    3b:92:79:c3:e0:05:bb:ad:b6:31:b1:6e:3c:86:0b:
    eb:c4:e5:23:8e:ef:ac:c5:d0:10:4e:dd:a8:53:ef:
    34:e9:29:db:8d:bc:89:dc:7c:5a:3b:87:4f:3b:2d:
    e7:44:41:d9:55:f6:7d:6b:44:2c:7b:80:03:45:c7:
    cc:c1:b9:3b:70:1f:58:79
exponent2:
    7f:92:10:90:3f:80:d4:fa:4c:85:ad:ee:72:62:1a:
    35:d0:3b:15:3b:cd:f3:e3:08:1c:66:4b:cb:68:53:
    65:7e:d7:53:92:5a:46:21:1d:17:e8:1c:49:33:38:
    63:bc:49:cd:4c:d2:8d:d5:e6:e2:1b:ca:d2:0b:d2:
    76:f7:9e:c2:18:4c:21:cf:fb:d9:b1:1a:9e:4d:bf:
    49:41:48:38:4c:d3:42:a4:35:95:b1:ae:42:fc:0b:
    98:46:48:44:e0:ff:47:08:d8:b0:d6:13:3b:08:9d:
    d9:fe:e2:5c:74:51:9e:5c:0b:13:36:0c:55:72:91:
    ad:d4:f1:cf:eb:86:bf:55
coefficient:
    02:79:3d:9f:25:30:5e:5b:b9:a3:32:c8:02:40:9c:
    98:8b:2b:74:21:fc:0d:f5:4d:27:33:5e:06:e7:d6:
    c2:bc:02:d0:f4:7f:75:e9:5e:1e:1e:c2:f8:10:c8:
    11:5e:88:1c:25:f1:91:3a:9b:4e:93:98:04:2e:2f:
    fb:7a:ee:96:79:e6:64:b6:b0:bd:5c:c8:62:b3:a7:
    75:06:07:83:2d:99:05:5e:c9:84:46:c7:9a:cb:6e:
    1b:f0:4c:6a:fc:7c:88:f7:01:73:82:d9:c8:e3:8a:
    4c:e5:10:e6:63:79:be:f9:b4:27:c4:7c:2c:8f:4d:
    40:9b:d6:ff:28:cd:ed:c4