Java Web
【黑马程序员新版JavaWeb基础教程,Java web从入门到企业实战完整版】
11 会话技术
11.3 Session
11.3.4 用户登录注册案例
【需求说明】
- 完成用户登录功能,如果用户勾选“记住用户” ,则下次访问登录页面自动填充用户名密码
- 完成注册功能,并实现验证码功能
【用户登录功能】
[需求]
- 用户登录成功后,跳转到列表页面,并在页面上展示当前登录的用户名称
- 用户登录失败后,跳转回登录页面,并在页面上展示对应的错误信息
[实现流程分析]
- 前端通过表单发送请求和数据给Web层的LoginServlet
- 在LoginServlet中接收请求和数据[用户名和密码]
- LoginServlet接收到请求和数据后,调用Service层完成根据用户名和密码查询用户对象
- 在Service层需要编写UserService类,在类中实现login方法,方法中调用Dao层的UserMapper
- 在UserMapper接口中,声明一个根据用户名和密码查询用户信息的方法
- Dao层把数据查询出来以后,将返回数据封装到User对象,将对象交给Service层
- Service层将数据返回给Web层
- Web层获取到User对象后,判断User对象,如果为Null,则将错误信息响应给登录页面,如果不为Null,则跳转到列表页面,并把当前登录用户的信息存入Session携带到列表页面。
[具体实现]
这里拿出之前做的那个增删改查demo
跑一下
OK,还可以正常运行。
完成Dao 层
User 实体类
package com.dingjiaxiong.pojo;
/**
* ClassName: User
* date: 2022/9/13 11:47
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
接口
package com.dingjiaxiong.mapper;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
/**
* ClassName: UserMapper
* date: 2022/9/13 11:44
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
public interface UserMapper {
//根据用户名和密码查询
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}")
User select(@Param("username") String username,@Param("password") String password);
//添加用户
@Insert("insert into tb_user values(null,#{username},#{password})")
void add(User user);
}
映射配置文件UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dingjiaxiong.mapper.UserMapper">
</mapper>
完成Service 层
package com.dingjiaxiong.service;
import com.dingjiaxiong.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import com.dingjiaxiong.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
/**
* ClassName: UserService
* date: 2022/9/13 11:52
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
public class UserService {
SqlSessionFactory factory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
//登录方法
public User login(String username , String password){
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = mapper.select(username,password);
sqlSession.close();
return user;
}
}
完成页面和Web 层的代码
这里就祭出黑马老师的资料了
login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>login</title>
<link href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div id="loginDiv" style="height: 350px">
<form action="/brand_demo/loginServlet" method="post" id="form">
<h1 id="loginMsg">LOGIN IN</h1>
<div id="errorMsg">用户名或密码不正确</div>
<p>Username:<input id="username" name="username" type="text"></p>
<p>Password:<input id="password" name="password" type="password"></p>
<p>Remember:<input id="remember" name="remember" type="checkbox"></p>
<div id="subDiv">
<input type="submit" class="button" value="login up">
<input type="reset" class="button" value="reset">
<a href="register.html">没有账号?</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
创建LoginServlet类
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import com.dingjiaxiong.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* ClassName: LoginServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 11:57
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private UserService service = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取用户名和密码
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
User user = service.login(username, password);
//判断
if (user != null){
//登陆成功
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user",user);
String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
resp.sendRedirect(contextPath + "/selectAllServlet");
}else{
//登录失败
req.setAttribute("login_msg","用户名或密码错误");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
修改一下brand.jsp
修改login.jsp
启动服务,测试下
[登录功能小结]
- 在LoginServlet中,将登录成功的用户数据存入session中,方法在列表页面中获取当前登录用户信息进行展示
- 在LoginServlet中,将登录失败的错误信息存入到request中,如果存入到session中就会出现这次会话的所有请求都有登录失败的错误信息,这个是不需要的,所以不用存入到session中
【记住我 - 设置Cookie】
需求:
如果用户勾选“记住用户” ,则下次访问登陆页面自动填充用户名密码。这样可以提升用户的体验。
[实现流程分析]
因为记住我功能要实现的效果是,就算用户把浏览器关闭过几天再来访问也能自动填充,所以需要将登陆信息存入一个可以长久保存,并且能够在浏览器关闭重新启动后依然有效的地方,就是Cookie
- 将用户名和密码写入Cookie中,并且持久化存储Cookie,下次访问浏览器会自动携带Cookie
- 在页面获取Cookie数据后,设置到用户名和密码框中
何时写入Cookie
- 用户必须登陆成功后才需要写
- 用户必须在登录页面勾选了 记住我 的复选框
- 前端需要在发送请求和数据的时候,多携带一个用户是否勾选Remember的数据
- LoginServlet获取到数据后,调用Service完成用户名和密码的判定
- 登录成功,并且用户在前端勾选了记住我,需要往Cookie中写入用户名和密码的数据,并设置Cookie存活时间
- 设置成功后,将数据响应给前端
[具体实现]
在login.jsp为复选框设置值
在LoginServlet获取复选框的值并在登录成功后进行设置Cookie
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import com.dingjiaxiong.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* ClassName: LoginServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 11:57
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private UserService service = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取用户名和密码
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//获取复选框数据
String remember = req.getParameter("remember");
User user = service.login(username, password);
//判断
if (user != null){
//登陆成功
//判断是否勾选了记住我
if ("1".equals(remember)){
//勾选了
Cookie c_username = new Cookie("username",username);
Cookie c_password = new Cookie("password",password);
//设置存活时间 一周
c_username.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24 * 7);
c_password.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24 * 7);
//发送
resp.addCookie(c_username);
resp.addCookie(c_password);
}
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("user",user);
String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
resp.sendRedirect(contextPath + "/selectAllServlet");
}else{
//登录失败
req.setAttribute("login_msg","用户名或密码错误");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
重启服务,测试
不勾
勾选记住我
OK,发送Cookie完成了
【记住我 - 获取Cookie】
[需求]
- 登录成功并勾选了Remeber后,后端返回给前端的Cookie数据就已经存储好了,接下来就需要在页面获取Cookie中的数据,并把数据设置到登录页面的用户名和密码框中。
[实现流程分析]
在页面可以使用EL表达式,${cookie.key.value}
key:指的是存储在cookie中的键名称
- )在login.jsp用户名的表单输入框使用value值给表单元素添加默认值,value可以使用${cookie.username.value}
- 在login.jsp密码的表单输入框使用value值给表单元素添加默认值,value可以使用${cookie.password.value}
[具体实现]
修改login.jsp页面
重新启动服务,访问登录页面
自动填充好了,这不是浏览器的效果啊,就是Cookie 填充的,笔者专门把浏览器的记住密码、自动填充功能关了。
【用户注册】
[需求]
- 注册功能:保存用户信息到数据库
- 验证码功能
- 展示验证码:展示验证码图片,并可以点击切换
- 校验验证码:验证码填写不正确,则注册失败
[实现流程分析]
- 前端通过表单发送请求和数据给Web层的RegisterServlet
- 在RegisterServlet中接收请求和数据[用户名和密码]
- RegisterServlet接收到请求和数据后,调用Service层完成用户信息的保存
- 在Service层需要编写UserService类,在类中实现register方法,需要判断用户是否已经存在,如果不存在,则完成用户数据的保存
- 在UserMapper接口中,声明两个方法,一个是根据用户名查询用户信息方法,另一个是保存用户信息方法
- 在UserService类中保存成功则返回true,失败则返回false,将数据返回给Web层
- Web层获取到结果后,如果返回的是true,则提示注册成功,并转发到登录页面,如果返回false则提示用户名已存在并转发到注册页面
[具体实现]
Dao 层
package com.dingjiaxiong.mapper;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
/**
* ClassName: UserMapper
* date: 2022/9/13 11:44
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
public interface UserMapper {
//根据用户名和密码查询
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}")
User select(@Param("username") String username,@Param("password") String password);
//根据用户名查询用户对象
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username}")
User selectByUsername(String username);
//添加用户
@Insert("insert into tb_user values(null,#{username},#{password})")
void add(User user);
}
编写Service
//注册方法
public boolean register(User user){
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User u = mapper.selectByUsername(user.getUsername());
if (u == null){
//可以注册
mapper.add(user);
sqlSession.commit();
}
sqlSession.close();
return u == null;
}
完成页面和Web层的代码编写
register.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>欢迎注册</title>
<link href="css/register.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="form-div">
<div class="reg-content">
<h1>欢迎注册</h1>
<span>已有帐号?</span> <a href="login.jsp">登录</a>
</div>
<form id="reg-form" action="/brand_demo/registerServlet" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="username" type="text" id="username">
<br>
<span id="username_err" class="err_msg">${register_msg}</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="password" type="password" id="password">
<br>
<span id="password_err" class="err_msg" style="display: none">密码格式有误</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="checkCode" type="text" id="checkCode">
<img src="imgs/a.jpg">
<a href="#" id="changeImg">看不清?</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="buttons">
<input value="注 册" type="submit" id="reg_btn">
</div>
<br class="clear">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
编写RegisterServlet
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import com.dingjiaxiong.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* ClassName: RegisterServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 12:39
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/registerServlet")
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
private UserService service = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
//调用注册
boolean flag = service.register(user);
if (flag){
req.setAttribute("register_msg","注册成功,请登录");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}else{
req.setAttribute("register_msg","用户名已存在");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
修改register.jsp
修改login.jsp
添加注册跳转
启动服务测试
OK。注册完成
【验证码 - 展示】
[需求分析]
展示验证码:展示验证码图片,并可以点击切换
验证码的生成是通过工具类来实现的
package com.dingjiaxiong.util;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 生成验证码工具类
*/
public class CheckCodeUtil {
public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static Random random = new Random();
/**
* 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值(一般传入输出流,响应response页面端,Web项目用的较多)
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param os
* @param verifySize
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize 验证码长度
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
}
/**
* 使用指定源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize 验证码长度
* @param sources 验证码字符源
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
// 未设定展示源的字码,赋默认值大写字母+数字
if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
sources = VERIFY_CODES;
}
int codesLen = sources.length();
Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
}
return verifyCode.toString();
}
/**
* 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值 (生成图片形式,用的较少)
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param verifySize
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 生成指定验证码图像文件
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
if (outputFile == null) {
return;
}
File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
//文件不存在
if (!dir.exists()) {
//创建
dir.mkdirs();
}
try {
outputFile.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 输出指定验证码图片流
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param os
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
int verifySize = code.length();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Random rand = new Random();
Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
// 创建颜色集合,使用java.awt包下的类
Color[] colors = new Color[5];
Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW};
float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
}
Arrays.sort(fractions);
// 设置边框色
g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
// 设置背景色
g2.setColor(c);
g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
// 绘制干扰线
Random random = new Random();
// 设置线条的颜色
g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
}
// 添加噪点
// 噪声率
float yawpRate = 0.05f;
int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w);
int y = random.nextInt(h);
// 获取随机颜色
int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}
// 添加图片扭曲
shear(g2, w, h, c);
g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
int fontSize = h - 4;
Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
g2.setFont(font);
char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
g2.setTransform(affine);
g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
}
g2.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
}
/**
* 随机颜色
*
* @param fc
* @param bc
* @return
*/
private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
if (fc > 255) {
fc = 255;
}
if (bc > 255) {
bc = 255;
}
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
private static int getRandomIntColor() {
int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
int color = 0;
for (int c : rgb) {
color = color << 8;
color = color | c;
}
return color;
}
private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
int[] rgb = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
}
return rgb;
}
private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
}
private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(2);
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 1;
int phase = random.nextInt(2);
for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
}
}
}
private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 20;
int phase = 7;
for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
}
}
}
}
测试一下验证码生成
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:\\a.jpg");
String checkcode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100, 50,outputStream,4);
System.out.println(checkcode);
}
OK。
[实现流程分析]
-
前端发送请求给CheckCodeServlet
-
CheckCodeServlet接收到请求后,生成验证码图片,将图片用Reponse对象的输出流写回到前端
【如何将图片写回到前端浏览器】
Java中已经有工具类生成验证码图片,测试类中只是把图片生成到磁盘上 (2)生成磁盘的过程中使用的是OutputStream流,如何把这个图片生成在页面呢? (3)前面在将Reponse对象的时候,它有一个方法可以获取其字节输出流,getOutputStream() (4)综上所述,可以把写往磁盘的流对象更好成Response的字节流,即可完成图片响应给前端
[具体实现]
修改Register.jsp页面
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="checkCode" type="text" id="checkCode">
<img id="checkCodeImg" src="/brand_demo/checkCodeServlet">
<a href="#" id="changeImg">看不清?</a>
</td>
</tr>
<script>
document.getElementById("checkCodeImg").onclick = function () {
document.getElementById("checkCodeImg").src = "/brand_demo/checkCodeServlet?" + new Date().getMilliseconds();
}
</script>
编写CheckCodeServlet类
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.util.CheckCodeUtil;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* ClassName: CheckCodeServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 14:11
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//生成验证码
ServletOutputStream os = resp.getOutputStream();
String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100,50,os,4);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
点击验证码图片就可以进行新的生成
【验证码 - 校验】
[需求]
判断程序生成的验证码 和 用户输入的验证码 是否一样,如果不一样,则阻止注册
验证码图片访问和提交注册表单是两次请求,所以要将程序生成的验证码存入Session中
[为什么要把验证码数据存入到Session中]
- 生成验证码和校验验证码是两次请求,此处就需要在一个会话的两次请求之间共享数据
- 验证码属于安全数据类的,所以我们选中Session来存储验证码数据。
[实现流程分析]
- 在CheckCodeServlet中生成验证码的时候,将验证码数据存入Session对象
- 前端将验证码和注册数据提交到后台,交给RegisterServlet类
- RegisterServlet类接收到请求和数据后,其中就有验证码,和Session中的验证码进行对比
- 如果一致,则完成注册,如果不一致,则提示错误信息
[具体实现]
修改CheckCodeServlet类
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.util.CheckCodeUtil;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* ClassName: CheckCodeServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 14:11
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//生成验证码
ServletOutputStream os = resp.getOutputStream();
String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100,50,os,4);
System.out.println(checkCode);
//存入Session
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.setAttribute("checkCodeGen",checkCode);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
在RegisterServlet中,获取页面的和session对象中的验证码,进行对比
package com.dingjiaxiong.web;
import com.dingjiaxiong.pojo.User;
import com.dingjiaxiong.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
/**
* ClassName: RegisterServlet
* date: 2022/9/13 12:39
*
* @author DingJiaxiong
*/
@WebServlet("/registerServlet")
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
private UserService service = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
String checkCode = req.getParameter("checkCode");
//程序生成的验证码
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
String checkCodeGen = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCodeGen");
//比对
if (! checkCodeGen.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode)){
req.setAttribute("register_msg","验证码错误");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(req,resp);
return; //直接打断,不允许注册
}
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
//调用注册
boolean flag = service.register(user);
if (flag){
req.setAttribute("register_msg","注册成功,请登录");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}else{
req.setAttribute("register_msg","用户名已存在");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
运行服务,测试
OK。