Flume

1、简介

• Flume提供一个分布式的，可靠的，对大数据量的日志进行高效收集、聚集、移动的服务，Flume只能在Unix环境下运行
• Flume基于流失架构，容错性强，也很灵活简单
• Flume、Kafka用来实时进行数据收集，Spark、Storm用来实时处理数据，impala用来实时查询

2、Flume的相关角色

Source
用于采集数据，Source是产生数据流的地方，同时Source会将产生的数据流传输到Channel，有点类似于Java IO部分的Channel。
Channel
用于桥接Sources和Sinks，类似一个队列
Sink
从Channel收集数据，将数据写到目标源（可以是下一个Source，也可以是HDFS或者是HBase）
Event
传输单元，Flume数据传输的基本单元，以事件形式将数据从源头送至目的地

3、Flume传输过程

Source监控某个文件或者数据流，数据源产生新的数据，拿到该数据后，将数据封装在在一个Event中，并put到Channel后commit提交，Channel队列先进先出，Sink去Channel队列中拉取数据，然后将其写入到HDFS中。

4、部署及使用

<1>、文件配置

修改Flume文件夹中flume-env.sh：

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/software/jdk1.8.0_121

<2>、相关案例

(1)、监控端口数据

目标：Flume监控你一段的Console，另一端Console发送消息，被监控端实时显示发送的数据
1、首先安装talent工具

$ sudo rpm -ivh xinetd-2.3.14-40.el6.x86_64.rpm
$ sudo rpm -ivh telnet-0.17-48.el6.x86_64.rpm
$ sudo rpm -ivh telnet-server-0.17-48.el6.x86_64.rpm

2、创建Flume Agent配置文件flume-telnet.conf

# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1 
a1.sinks = k1 
a1.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source 
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat 
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444

# Describe the sink 
a1.sinks.k1.type = logger

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory 
a1.channels.c1.type = memory 
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1

3、一定要先判断44444端口是否被占用

$ netstat -tunlp | grep 44444

4、开启flume监听端口

$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/flume-telnet.conf -Dflume.root.logger==INFO,console

5、使用telent工具向本机44444端口发送信息

$ telnet localhost 44444

运行结果

(2)、实时读取本地文件到HDFS

目标：实时监控Hive日志，并上传到HDFS
1、拷贝Hadoop相关的jar包到Flume的lib目录下(学会根据自己的目录和版本查找jar包)
2、创建Flume Agent配置文件flume-hdfs.conf文件

# Name the components on this agent 
a2.sources = r2
a2.sinks = k2
a2.channels = c2

# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r2.type = exec
a2.sources.r2.command = tail -F /opt/modules/apache-hive-1.2.2-bin/hive.log 
a2.sources.r2.shell = /bin/bash -c

# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k2.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop1:8020/flume/%Y%m%d/%H #上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.filePrefix = logs-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundValue = 1 
#重新定义时间单位 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundUnit = hour 
#是否使用本地时间戳 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.batchSize = 1000
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.fileType = DataStream 
#多久生成一个新的文件 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollInterval = 600 
#设置每个文件的滚动大小 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700 
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollCount = 0
#最小冗余数 
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory 
a2.channels.c2.type = memory 
a2.channels.c2.capacity = 1000 
a2.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a2.sources.r2.channels = c2
a2.sinks.k2.channel = c2

3、执行监控配置

$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/flume-hdfs.conf

(3)、实时读取目录文件到HDFS

目标：使用flume监听整个目录的文件
1、创建Flume Agent配置文件flume-dir.conf文件

a3.sources = r3
a3.sinks = k3 
a3.channels = c3

# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r3.type = spooldir
a3.sources.r3.spoolDir = /opt/modules/apache-flume-1.7.0-bin/upload 
a3.sources.r3.fileSuffix = .COMPLETED
a3.sources.r3.fileHeader = true
#忽略所有以.tmp 结尾的文件，不上传 
a3.sources.r3.ignorePattern = ([^ ]*\.tmp)

# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k3.type = hdfs
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop1:8020/flume/upload/%Y%m%d/%H 
#上传文件的前缀
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.filePrefix = upload-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundValue = 1 
#重新定义时间单位 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundUnit = hour 
#是否使用本地时间戳 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true 
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollInterval = 600 
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是 128M 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700 
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollCount = 0 
#最小冗余数 
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory 
a3.channels.c3.type = memory 
a3.channels.c3.capacity = 1000 
a3.channels.c3.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a3.sources.r3.channels = c3 
a3.sinks.k3.channel = c3

2、测试：执行如下脚本后，向upload文件夹中添加文件

$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/flume-dir.conf

使用Spooling Directory Source时
1、不要在监控目录中创建并持续修改文件
2、上传完成的文件会议.COMPLETED结尾
3、被监控文件夹每600毫秒扫面一次文件变动

(4)、Flume与Flume之间数据传递：单Flume多Channel、Sink

目标:使用 flume-1监控文件变动，flume-1将变动内容传递给flume-2，flume-2负责存储到 HDFS。同时 flume-1将变动内容传递给flume-3，flume-3负责输出到local filesystem。
1、创建flume-1.conf，用于监控hive.log文件的变动，同时产生俩个Channel和俩个Sink分别输送给flume-2和flume-3

# Name the components on this agent 
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.channels = c1 c2
# 将数据流复制给多个 channel 
a1.sources.r1.selector.type = replicating

# Describe/configure the source 
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/modules/apache-hive-1.2.2-bin/hive.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c

# Describe the sink 
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro 
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop1 
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro 
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop1
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142

# Describe the channel 
a1.channels.c1.type = memory 
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
a1.channels.c2.type = memory 
a1.channels.c2.capacity = 1000 
a1.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 c2 
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1 
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c2

2、 创建 flume-2.conf，用于接收 flume-1 的 event，同时产生 1 个 channel 和 1 个 sink，将数据输送给 hdfs

# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1 
a2.sinks = k1 
a2.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source 
a2.sources.r1.type = avro 
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop1 
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141

# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop1:8020/flume2/%Y%m%d/%H 
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = flume2-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true 
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour 
#是否使用本地时间戳 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true 
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 100 
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 600
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是128M 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700 
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 0 
#最小冗余数 
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1

# Describe the channel 
a2.channels.c1.type = memory 
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1

3、 创建 flume-3.conf，用于接收flume-1的event，同时产生1个channel和1个sink，将数据输送给本地目录

# Name the components on this agent 
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source 
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop1
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142

# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = file_roll
a3.sinks.k1.sink.directory = /opt/flume1

# Describe the channel 
a3.channels.c1.type = memory
a3.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a3.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a3.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c1

==注意：==输出的本地目录必须是已经存在的目录，如果该目录不存在，并不会创建新的目录
4、测试：分别开启flume-job（依次启动flume-3、flume-2、flume-1），同时产生文件变动、观察结果

$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/group-job/flume-3.conf
$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/group-job/flume-2.conf 
$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/group-job/flume-1.conf

(5)、Flume与Flume之间数据传递：多Flume汇总数据到单Flume

目标：flume-1监控文件hive.log，flume-2监控某一个端口的数据流，flume-1与flume-2将数据发送给flume-3，flume3将最终数据写入到HDFS。

1、创建flume-1.conf，用于监控hive.log文件，同时Sink数据到flume-3

# Name the components on this agent 
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1 
a1.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/modules/apache-hive-1.2.2-bin/hive.log 
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c

# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro 
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop1 
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141

# Describe the channel 
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel 
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1

2、 创建flume-2.conf，用于监控端口44444数据流，同时Sink数据到flume-3:

# Name the components on this agent 
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source 
a2.sources.r1.type = netcat 
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop1 
a2.sources.r1.port = 44444

# Describe the sink 
a2.sinks.k1.type = avro
a2.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop1
a2.sinks.k1.port = 4141

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory 
a2.channels.c1.type = memory 
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1

3、创建flume-3.conf，用于接收flume-1与flume-2发送过来的数据流，最终合并后Sink到HDFS:

# Name the components on this agent 
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro 
a3.sources.r1.bind = linux01 
a3.sources.r1.port = 4141

# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop1:8020/flume3/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = flume3- 
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true 
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 1 
#重新定义时间单位 a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour 
#是否使用本地时间戳
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true 
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 100 
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream 
#多久生成一个新的文件 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 600 
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是128M 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700 
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 0
#最小冗余数 
a3.sinks.k1.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1

# Describe the channel 
a3.channels.c1.type = memory 
a3.channels.c1.capacity = 1000 
a3.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c1 
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c1

4、执行测试:分别开启对应 flume-job(依次启动 flume-3，flume-2，flume-1)，同时产生文件变动并观察结果:

$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/group-job2/flume-3.conf 
$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/group-job2/flume-2.conf 
$ bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/group-job2/flume-1.conf

测试记得启动hive产生一些日志，同时使用telnet向44444端口发送信息，如
$ bin/hive
$ telnet hadoop1 44444

5、Flume监控之Ganglia

一、Ganglia安装及部署

1、安装httpd服务于php

yum -y install httpd php

2、安装其他的相关依赖

 yum -y install rrdtool perl-rrdtool rrdtool-devel 
 yum -y install apr-devel

3、安装Ganglia

# rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 
# yum -y install ganglia-gmetad
# yum -y install ganglia-web
# yum install -y ganglia-gmond

4、修改一些相关配置文件
文件 ganglia.conf: 在Location标签内加上Allow from all
文件 gmetad.conf:

# vi /etc/ganglia/gmetad.conf 修改为:
data_source "linux" 192.168.xx.xxx

文件 gmond.conf:
在cluster内加上

name = "linux"

udp_send_channel内加上

host = 192.168.xx.xxx

udp_recv_channel内加上

bind = 192.168.xx.xxx

文件 config: SELINUX=disabled
SeLinux本次生效关闭必须重启，如不想重启，可以临时生效

sudo setenforce 0

5、启动Ganglia

$ sudo service httpd start
$ sudo service gmetad start 
$ sudo service gmond start

6、打开网页 http://192.168.xx.xxx/ganglia
如果显示权限不足错误，请修改：

 sudo chmod -R 777 /var/lib/ganglia

二、操作Flume测试监控
1、修改 flume-env.sh配置

JAVA_OPTS="-Dflume.monitoring.type=ganglia 
-Dflume.monitoring.hosts=192.168.xx.xxx:8649 
-Xms100m
-Xmx200m"

2、启动flume任务

$ bin/flume-ng agent \
--conf conf/ \
--name a1 \
--conf-file job/group-job0/flume-telnet.conf 
\ -Dflume.root.logger==INFO,console 
\ -Dflume.monitoring.type=ganglia 
\ -Dflume.monitoring.hosts=192.168.xx.xxx:8649

3、发送数据观察ganglia监测图

telnet localhost 44444

图例说明：

字段(图标名称)	字段含义
EventPutAttemptCount	source尝试写入channel 的事件总数量
EventPutSuccessCount	成功写入channel且提交的事件总数量
EventTakeAttemptCount	sink尝试从channel拉取事件的总数量。这不意味着每次事件都被返回，因为sink拉取的时候channel可能没有任何数据。
EventTakeSuccessCount	sink成功读取的事件的总数量
StartTime	channel 启动的时间(毫秒)
StopTime	channel 停止的时间(毫秒)
ChannelSize	目前channel中事件的总数量
ChannelFillPercentage	Channel占用百分比
ChannelCapacity	Channel的容量