串口通信工业控制上面常用的,能够很简单的实现出来
说明都在代码中,下面是主要逻辑代码,窗口类的创建,是直接继承了ui窗口类,进行初始化操作
import sys
import mianWindow
from PyQt5.QtSerialPort import QSerialPortInfo, QSerialPort
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtCore import QIODevice, QTextCodec
# 直接写一个类继承mainWindow,方便去操作窗口
class MyWindow(QWidget, mianWindow.Ui_Form):
serialPort = QSerialPort() # 通信用的对象
def __init__(self):
super(MyWindow, self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self) # 初始化窗口
self.enumComPort()
self.serialPort.readyRead.connect(self.recvMessage)
self.pushButton_open.clicked.connect(self.openCom)
self.pushButton_send.clicked.connect(self.sendMessage)
def enumComPort(self):
self.comboBox_Port.clear()
comInfo = QSerialPortInfo.availablePorts()
for item in comInfo:
self.comboBox_Port.addItem(item.portName())
def openCom(self):
# 串口号
name = self.comboBox_Port.currentText()
# 波特率
baudRate = int(self.comboBox_BaudRate.currentText())
# 数据位
dataBits=0
if self.comboBox_DataBits.currentIndex() == 0:
dataBits = QSerialPort.DataBits.Data5
elif self.comboBox_DataBits.currentIndex() == 1:
dataBits = QSerialPort.DataBits.Data6
elif self.comboBox_DataBits.currentIndex() == 2:
dataBits = QSerialPort.DataBits.Data7
elif self.comboBox_DataBits.currentIndex() == 3:
dataBits = QSerialPort.DataBits.Data8
# 停止位
stopBits = 0
if self.comboBox_StopBits.currentIndex() == 0:
stopBits = QSerialPort.StopBits.OneStop
elif self.comboBox_StopBits.currentIndex() == 1:
stopBits = QSerialPort.StopBits.OneAndHalfStop
elif self.comboBox_StopBits.currentIndex() == 2:
stopBits = QSerialPort.StopBits.TwoStop
# 校验位
parity = 0
if self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex() == 0:
parity = QSerialPort.Parity.NoParity
elif self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex() == 1:
parity = QSerialPort.Parity.EvenParity
elif self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex() == 2:
parity = QSerialPort.Parity.OddParity
elif self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex() == 3:
parity = QSerialPort.Parity.SpaceParity
elif self.comboBox_Parity.currentIndex() == 4:
parity = QSerialPort.Parity.MarkParity
# 流控
flowControl = 0
if self.comboBox_FlowControl.currentIndex() == 0:
flowControl = QSerialPort.FlowControl.NoFlowControl
elif self.comboBox_FlowControl.currentIndex() == 1:
flowControl = QSerialPort.FlowControl.HardwareControl
elif self.comboBox_FlowControl.currentIndex() == 2:
flowControl = QSerialPort.FlowControl.SoftwareControl
# 设置获取到的串口信息
self.serialPort.setPortName(name)
self.serialPort.setBaudRate(baudRate)
self.serialPort.setDataBits(dataBits)
self.serialPort.setParity(parity)
self.serialPort.setStopBits(stopBits)
self.serialPort.setFlowControl(flowControl)
if not self.serialPort.isOpen():
if not self.serialPort.open(QIODevice.OpenModeFlag.ReadWrite):
return
else:
self.pushButton_open.setText("关闭串口")
else:
self.serialPort.close()
self.pushButton_open.setText("关闭串口")
# 对于消息的收发需要自己稍微处理一下,主要是对于发送的数据的转换,我这里是转为了本地字符集,对于各自的情况,做不同的处理
def recvMessage(self):
data = self.serialPort.readAll()
self.textBrowser_recvStr.append(QTextCodec.codecForName("UTF-8").toUnicode(data))
def sendMessage(self):
data = self.lineEdit_sendStr.text()
self.serialPort.write(QTextCodec.codecForName("UTF-8").fromUnicode(data).data())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = MyWindow()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
窗口ui的,python代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'mianWindow.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again. Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Form(object):
def setupUi(self, Form):
Form.setObjectName("Form")
Form.resize(456, 434)
self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(Form)
self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Form)
self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.groupBox)
self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label.setObjectName("label")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
self.comboBox_Port = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_Port.setObjectName("comboBox_Port")
self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.comboBox_Port)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_2.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label_2.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_2)
self.comboBox_BaudRate = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setObjectName("comboBox_BaudRate")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.comboBox_BaudRate.addItem("")
self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.comboBox_BaudRate)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_2)
self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_3")
self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_3.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label_3.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_3)
self.comboBox_DataBits = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_DataBits.setObjectName("comboBox_DataBits")
self.comboBox_DataBits.addItem("")
self.comboBox_DataBits.addItem("")
self.comboBox_DataBits.addItem("")
self.comboBox_DataBits.addItem("")
self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.comboBox_DataBits)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_3)
self.horizontalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_4.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_4")
self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_4.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label_4.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.label_4)
self.comboBox_StopBits = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_StopBits.setObjectName("comboBox_StopBits")
self.comboBox_StopBits.addItem("")
self.comboBox_StopBits.addItem("")
self.comboBox_StopBits.addItem("")
self.horizontalLayout_4.addWidget(self.comboBox_StopBits)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_4)
self.horizontalLayout_5 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_5.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_5")
self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_5.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label_5.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
self.horizontalLayout_5.addWidget(self.label_5)
self.comboBox_Parity = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_Parity.setObjectName("comboBox_Parity")
self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
self.comboBox_Parity.addItem("")
self.horizontalLayout_5.addWidget(self.comboBox_Parity)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_5)
self.horizontalLayout_6 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_6.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_6")
self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_6.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
self.label_6.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")
self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.label_6)
self.comboBox_FlowControl = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
self.comboBox_FlowControl.setObjectName("comboBox_FlowControl")
self.comboBox_FlowControl.addItem("")
self.comboBox_FlowControl.addItem("")
self.comboBox_FlowControl.addItem("")
self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.comboBox_FlowControl)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_6)
self.horizontalLayout_7 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_7.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_7")
spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.horizontalLayout_7.addItem(spacerItem)
self.pushButton_open = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
self.pushButton_open.setStyleSheet("")
self.pushButton_open.setObjectName("pushButton_open")
self.horizontalLayout_7.addWidget(self.pushButton_open)
self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_7)
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.groupBox, 0, 0, 1, 1)
self.verticalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.verticalLayout_3.setObjectName("verticalLayout_3")
self.textBrowser_recvStr = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Form)
self.textBrowser_recvStr.setObjectName("textBrowser_recvStr")
self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.textBrowser_recvStr)
self.lineEdit_sendStr = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Form)
self.lineEdit_sendStr.setObjectName("lineEdit_sendStr")
self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.lineEdit_sendStr)
self.gridLayout.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_3, 0, 1, 1, 1)
self.horizontalLayout_8 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.horizontalLayout_8.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_8")
spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
self.horizontalLayout_8.addItem(spacerItem1)
self.pushButton_send = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
self.pushButton_send.setObjectName("pushButton_send")
self.horizontalLayout_8.addWidget(self.pushButton_send)
self.gridLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_8, 1, 0, 1, 2)
self.retranslateUi(Form)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
def retranslateUi(self, Form):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("Form", "串口设置"))
self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "串口号:"))
self.label_2.setText(_translate("Form", "波特率:"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "1200"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "2400"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "4800"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(3, _translate("Form", "9600"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(4, _translate("Form", "19200"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(5, _translate("Form", "38400"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(6, _translate("Form", "57600"))
self.comboBox_BaudRate.setItemText(7, _translate("Form", "115200"))
self.label_3.setText(_translate("Form", "数据位:"))
self.comboBox_DataBits.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "Data5"))
self.comboBox_DataBits.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "Data6"))
self.comboBox_DataBits.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "Data7"))
self.comboBox_DataBits.setItemText(3, _translate("Form", "Data8"))
self.label_4.setText(_translate("Form", "停止位:"))
self.comboBox_StopBits.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "OneStop"))
self.comboBox_StopBits.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "OnendHalfStop"))
self.comboBox_StopBits.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "TwoStop"))
self.label_5.setText(_translate("Form", "校验位:"))
self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "NoParity"))
self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "EvenParity"))
self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "OddParity"))
self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(3, _translate("Form", "SpaceParity"))
self.comboBox_Parity.setItemText(4, _translate("Form", "MarkParity"))
self.label_6.setText(_translate("Form", "流 控:"))
self.comboBox_FlowControl.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "NoFlowControl"))
self.comboBox_FlowControl.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "HardwareControl"))
self.comboBox_FlowControl.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "SoftwareControl"))
self.pushButton_open.setText(_translate("Form", "打开串口"))
self.pushButton_send.setText(_translate("Form", "发送"))
运行界面:
对于这种模块的使用,主要就是要注意一些数据的获取和设置,要先搞清楚,使用这个模块要获取那些数据,怎么设置,使用的一个过程,是使用什么对象来操作这些数据