oracle11g, rman备份的路径应该是这样的优先级
备份语句中指定的format > rman 中设置的configure channel device type disk format '/oracle/orclarch/%U_%d’的路径 > 闪回恢复区>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
–rman时间设置
vi .bash_profile
export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=‘yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss’
rman备份命令
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backup database; 备份整个数据库
backup database include current controlfile; 备份整个数据库还包括现在的controlfile
backup database plus archivelog all; 备份整个数据库还包括全部的archivelog
backup as compressed backupset full database; 压缩备份(原来1G的备份,压缩后可以达到270M)
backup database plus archivelog all delete input; 备份归档文件后删除一路归档
backup database plus archivelog all delete all input; 备份归档文件后删除所有路径下的归档backup as compressed backupset full database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;
(全库备份包括控制文件归档日志,备份后删除归档) -
backup tablespace tablespacename; 备份指定的表空间
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backup datafile 5; 备份指定的数据文件
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backup spfile; 备份初始化参数文件
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backup current controlfile; 备份现在的controlfile
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backup archivelog all; 备份所有的archivelog
查看数据库的备份信息
list backupset summary; 列出备份集的概要信息
list backup of database; 列出所有全库备份
list backup of tablespace tablespacename; 列出指定表空间备份
list backup of datafile 5;
list backup of datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/hyyk/system01.dbf’; 列出指定数据文件的备份
list backup of controlfile; 列出conftrolfile的备份
list backup of archivelog all ; 列出archivelog的备份
–列出所有无效备份
–list expired backup;
–报告所有的schema
report schema
crosscheck命令
–检查所有归档文件
crosscheck archivelog all;
–检查所有备份集
crosscheck backup;
删除命令
–删除所有备份集
delete backup;
例:list backup of database 找到备份集的tag
delete backup tag xxxxx
–指定备份片大小
run{
allocate channel c1 device type disk maxpiecesize=10m format ‘/home/oracle/bak/bak_%U’;
backup tablespace system;}
–指定备份集大小,实际指定了备份片大小,和上面区别是如果单个文件过大,则报错。
backup database maxsetsize=100m
–rman通道
1、手工分配通道
run{
allocate channel c1 device type disk format ‘/home/oracle/bak/c1_%U’;
backup tablespace users;}
2、自动分配通道
configure device type disk parallelism n;
configure default device type to disk;
configure channel device type disk format ‘xxxx/%U’;
configure channel n device type disk format ‘xxxx/%U’;