python打开文件夹和特定格式文件

python的几种方式打开文件夹和文件

常见场景，需要修改文件夹名字，或递归修改文件名。

方法一

#!/usr/bin/python3
import os

def rename_files(directory):
    # 获取目录下的所有文件和文件夹
    entries = os.scandir(directory)
    for entry in entries:
        if entry.is_dir() or entry.is_file():
            # 获取文件或文件夹的路径和名称
            path = os.path.join(directory, entry.name)
            new_name = entry.name.replace('str', 'old_str')
            #将old_str改名为str
            
            if new_name != entry.name:
                # 重命名文件或文件夹
                os.rename(path, os.path.join(directory, new_name))
                print(f'Renamed {entry.name} to {new_name}')
            
            if entry.is_dir():
                # 递归处理子目录
                rename_files(path)

# 指定要处理的目录
directory = '/path/to/directory'

# 调用函数执行重命名操作
rename_files(directory)

方法二

import os

def rename_files(directory):
    # 获取目录下的所有文件和文件夹
    entries = os.scandir(directory)
    
    for entry in entries:
        if entry.is_dir() or entry.is_file():
            # 获取文件或文件夹的路径和名称
            path = os.path.join(directory, entry.name)
            
            if 'str' in entry.name:
                # 将带有特定字符的目录名或文件名重命名为'old_str'
                new_name = entry.name.replace('str', 'old_str')
                os.rename(path, os.path.join(directory, new_name))
                print(f'Renamed {entry.name} to {new_name}')
            
            if entry.is_dir():
                # 递归处理子目录
                rename_files(path)

# 指定要处理的目录
directory = '/path/to/directory'

# 调用函数执行重命名操作
rename_files(directory)

方法三 os.walk

import os

def rename_files(directory):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
        for filename in files:
            if 'str' in filename:
                old_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
                new_filename = filename.replace('str', 'old_str')
                new_path = os.path.join(root, new_filename)
                os.rename(old_path, new_path)
                print(f'Renamed {old_path} to {new_path}')

# 指定要处理的目录
directory = '/path/to/directory'

# 调用函数执行重命名操作
rename_files(directory)

方法四

import os

def get_files_in_folder(folder_path):
    files = []
    for root, directories, filenames in os.walk(folder_path):
        for filename in filenames:
            file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
            files.append(file_path)
    return files

folder_path = "./"  # 当前文件夹路径
files = get_files_in_folder(folder_path)
print(files)

def remove_comments(filename):
    with open(filename, 'r') as file:
        lines = file.readlines()

    with open(filename, 'w') as file:
        for line in lines:
            if not line.strip().startswith("#"):
                file.write(line)

filename = "example.py"  # 文件路径
remove_comments(filename)