C++（01）环境搭建

开个大课题：C++

第一步：下载安装MinGW

官网：http://mingw-w64.org/doku.php/download
下载安装包名：mingw-w64-install.exe
安装步骤省略（选x86_64即可）。

添加bin文件夹路径到环境变量：

C:\Program\mingw-w64\x86_64-8.1.0-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0\mingw64\bin

验证：

gcc --version

第二步：配置.json，测试hello.cpp

单击：run => start debugging
launch.json：

// Configuring tasks.json for C/C++ debugging
// author: huihut
// repo: https://gist.github.com/huihut/9548fe7e1084cf8e844120c5668b8177

// Available variables which can be used inside of strings.
// ${workspaceRoot}: the root folder of the team        
// ${file}: the current opened file                     
// ${fileBasename}: the current opened file's basename 
// ${fileDirname}: the current opened file's dirname    
// ${fileExtname}: the current opened file's extension  
// ${cwd}: the current working directory of the spawned process

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "preLaunchTask": "build",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
        }]
}

tasks.json:

// Configuring tasks.json for C/C++ debugging 
// author: huihut
// repo: https://gist.github.com/huihut/887d3c28db92617bd5148c20a5ff112a

// Available variables which can be used inside of strings.
// ${workspaceRoot}: the root folder of the team        
// ${file}: the current opened file                     
// ${fileBasename}: the current opened file's basename 
// ${fileDirname}: the current opened file's dirname    
// ${fileExtname}: the current opened file's extension  
// ${cwd}: the current working directory of the spawned process


{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build",
            "type": "shell",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared"
            },
            "windows": {
                "command": "g++",
                "args": [
                    "-ggdb",
                    "\"${file}\"",
                    "--std=c++11",
                    "-o",
                    "\"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe\""
                ]
            }
        }
    ]
}

测试代码：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int a, b, c;
    std::cout << "hello VsCode!" << std::endl;
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << "a+b=" << a+b << endl;
    cin >> c;
    return 0;
}

步骤：

1. 新建项目（Project)
2. 在项目中添加源程序文件（Source File）
3. 编辑（Edit）源程序
4. 组建（Build）
5. 编译（Compile） + 连接（Link）
6. 运行（Run）