SQL中inner join,outer join,cross join及left join,right join的区别

1.A LEFT [OUTER] JOIN B 产生表A的完全集，而B表中匹配的则有值，没有匹配的则以null值取代。
2.A RIGHT [OUTER] JOIN B 产生表B的完全集，而A表中匹配的则有值，没有匹配的则以null值取代。
3.A CROSS JOIN B 把表A和表B的数据进行一个NM的组合，即笛卡尔积。A表4行，B表5行，结果：45=20行，这种很少用。

举例：
student表：

grade表：

A左外联B表，等价于B右外联左表。如
from A left (outer) join B
from B right (outer) join A
select * from student left join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;
(select * from student left outer join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;）

select * from grade right join student on grade.sno = student.sno;
(select * from grade right outer join student on grade.sno = student.sno;)

注：把outer换成inner会报错

select * from student left outer join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;

select * from student right outer join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;

select * from student join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;
(select * from student inner join grade on student.sno = grade.sno;)

注：把inner换成outer会报错