Python深度学习入门之mnist-ResNet（Tensorflow2.0实现）

mnist手写数字数据集深度学习最常用的数据集，本文以mnist数据集为例，利用Tensorflow2.0框架搭建ResNet网络，实现mnist数据集识别任务，并画出各个曲线。

Demo完整代码如下：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import layers
import numpy as np

#加载mnist数据集
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = tf.keras.datasets.mnist.load_data()
#预处理
x_train, x_test = x_train.astype(np.float32)/255., x_test.astype(np.float32)/255.
x_train, x_test = np.expand_dims(x_train, axis=3), np.expand_dims(x_test, axis=3)
# 创建训练集50000、验证集10000以及测试集10000
x_val = x_train[-10000:]
y_val = y_train[-10000:]
x_train = x_train[:-10000]
y_train = y_train[:-10000]
#标签转为one-hot格式
y_train = tf.one_hot(y_train, depth=10).numpy()
y_val = tf.one_hot(y_val, depth=10).numpy()
y_test = tf.one_hot(y_test, depth=10).numpy()

# tf.data.Dataset 批处理
train_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_train, y_train)).batch(100).repeat()

val_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_val, y_val)).batch(100).repeat()

test_dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_test, y_test)).batch(100).repeat()

from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers, Sequential, metrics
from tensorflow import keras

# 3x3 convolution
def conv3x3(channels, stride=1, kernel=(3, 3)):
    return keras.layers.Conv2D(channels, kernel, strides=stride, padding='same',
                               use_bias=False,
                            kernel_initializer=tf.random_normal_initializer())

class ResnetBlock(keras.Model):
    def __init__(self, channels, strides=1, residual_path=False):
        super(ResnetBlock, self).__init__()
        self.channels = channels
        self.strides = strides
        self.residual_path = residual_path
        self.conv1 = conv3x3(channels, strides)
        self.bn1 = keras.layers.BatchNormalization()
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(channels)
        self.bn2 = keras.layers.BatchNormalization()
        if residual_path:
            self.down_conv = conv3x3(channels, strides, kernel=(1, 1))
            self.down_bn = tf.keras.layers.BatchNormalization()

    def call(self, inputs, training=None):
        residual = inputs
        x = self.bn1(inputs, training=training)
        x = tf.nn.relu(x)
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = self.bn2(x, training=training)
        x = tf.nn.relu(x)
        x = self.conv2(x)

        # this module can be added into self.
        # however, module in for can not be added.
        if self.residual_path:
            residual = self.down_bn(inputs, training=training)
            residual = tf.nn.relu(residual)
            residual = self.down_conv(residual)
        x = x + residual
        return x


class ResNet(keras.Model):
    def __init__(self, block_list, num_classes, initial_filters=16, **kwargs):
        super(ResNet, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.num_blocks = len(block_list)
        self.block_list = block_list

        self.in_channels = initial_filters
        self.out_channels = initial_filters
        self.conv_initial = conv3x3(self.out_channels)
        self.blocks = keras.models.Sequential(name='dynamic-blocks')
        # build all the blocks
        for block_id in range(len(block_list)):
            for layer_id in range(block_list[block_id]):
                if block_id != 0 and layer_id == 0:
                    block = ResnetBlock(self.out_channels, strides=2, residual_path=True)
                else:
                    if self.in_channels != self.out_channels:
                        residual_path = True
                    else:
                        residual_path = False
                    block = ResnetBlock(self.out_channels, residual_path=residual_path)
                self.in_channels = self.out_channels
                self.blocks.add(block)
            self.out_channels *= 2
        self.final_bn = keras.layers.BatchNormalization()
        self.avg_pool = keras.layers.GlobalAveragePooling2D()
        self.fc = keras.layers.Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax')

    def call(self, inputs, training=None):
        out = self.conv_initial(inputs)
        out = self.blocks(out, training=training)
        out = self.final_bn(out, training=training)
        out = tf.nn.relu(out)
        out = self.avg_pool(out)
        out = self.fc(out)
        return out
        
#网络参数设置
resnet_model = ResNet([2, 2, 2], 10)
resnet_model.compile(optimizer=keras.optimizers.Adam(0.001),
              loss=keras.losses.CategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
              metrics=['acc'])
              
resnet_model.build(input_shape=(None, 28, 28, 1))
#打印网络参数
print("Number of variables in the model :", len(resnet_model.variables))
resnet_model.summary()

#开始训练
history_resnet = resnet_model.fit(train_dataset, epochs=50, steps_per_epoch=30, validation_data=val_dataset, validation_steps=3)

#测试集评估及保存权重
resnet_model.evaluate(test_dataset, steps=100)
resnet_model.save_weights('save_model/resnet_mnist/resnet_mnist_weights.ckpt')

网络参数

测试集评估结果

绘制曲线代码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#输入两个曲线的信息
plt.figure( figsize=(12,8), dpi=80 )
plt.plot(history_resnet.epoch, history_resnet.history.get('loss'), color='r', label = 'loss')
plt.plot(history_resnet.epoch, history_resnet.history.get('acc'), color='g', linestyle='-.', label = 'acc')
plt.plot(history_resnet.epoch, history_resnet.history.get('val_acc'), color='b', linestyle='--', label = 'val_acc')

#显示图例
plt.legend() #默认loc=Best

#添加网格信息
plt.grid(True, linestyle='--', alpha=0.5) #默认是True，风格设置为虚线，alpha为透明度

#添加标题
plt.xlabel('epochs')
plt.ylabel('loss/acc')
plt.title('resnet_Curve of loss/acc Change with epochs in Mnist')

plt.savefig('./save_png/resnet.png')

plt.show()

网络曲线