脑电EEG代码开源分享【3.可视化分析-静息态篇】

Coco恺撒

已于 2022-09-29 20:51:41 修改

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分类专栏：脑电EEG代码开源分享【文档+代码+经验】文章标签：开源人工智能机器学习数据分析 matlab

于 2022-09-23 23:27:49 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44425788/article/details/127018724

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0 . 【深度学习】常用网络总结

脑电EEG代码开源分享【3.可视化分析-静息态篇】

往期文章
一、前言
二、可视化框架介绍
三、代码格式说明
三、脑电处理代码
四、可视化整体代码
总结
To：新想法、鬼点子的道友：

一、前言

本文档旨在归纳BCI-EEG-matlab的数据处理代码，作为EEG数据处理的总结，方便快速搭建处理框架的Baseline，实现自动化、模块插拔化、快速化。本文以任务态（锁时刺激，如快速序列视觉呈现）为例，分享脑电EEG的分析处理方法。
脑电数据分析系列。分为以下6个模块：

前置准备
数据预处理
数据可视化
特征提取（特征候选集）
特征选择（量化特征择优）
分类模型

本文内容：【3. 数据可视化】

提示：以下为各功能代码详细介绍，若节约阅读时间，请下滑至文末的整合代码

二、可视化框架介绍

可视化的主要功能，分为以下3部分：

时域波形
频域能谱
空域能量（脑地形图）

静息态可视化的代码框图、流程如下所示：
在这里插入图片描述
脑电信号可视化有助于对处理数据综合信息的掌握，是最直观了解数据状态的方法
同时，可视化应注重多维度、多角度分析，从不同特征域对数据进行全面了解
本文将脑电数据可视化紧邻预处理之后，放置于特征提取之前，就是为了最快速了解脑电数据情况，
同时为下一阶段的特征提取及分类器设计提供参考。

时域可视化：
脑电信号采集后的最原始格式就是 通道数 x 时间点数 的数组，时域的时序信号是对脑电数据最直观的分析。由于脑电信号的低信噪比，通常采用叠加多试次的脑电信号提升数据质量。但是静息态脑电信号的时域波形观测效果一般，主要源于脑电信号的随机性，脑电信号近似粉红噪声，其叠加后时域波形趋于0值。因此通常对静息数据的单试次进行简要分析。
静息态时域可视化：
频域可视化：
频域是静息态（长时任务）数据的主要分析的特征域，个体在静息状态下的频域能量包含重要的节律信息，并且在一定时间内频谱状态是稳定的。目前研究学者也将脑电频域主要分为5个频带，这5个频带能量（找不到希腊字母格式，大家看下方表格吧），并且各频段有特殊的大脑模式含义。
5频带分布及脑模式含义：

静息态频域可视化：
空域可视化：
大脑运行的重要特点是 多脑区协同，意思是大脑运转时时刻刻需要多个脑区的 协作和交流。脑电通过在头皮上放置大量的电极以高密度采集脑响应，通过整合电极采集的脑信号，可以绘制出大脑能量的空间分布图。当然，前面讲到静息态下脑电随机性导致时域可视化效果不佳，因此静息态常常是 频域+空间，绘制大脑不同频段能量的空间分布。
静息态空域可视化（空频地形图）：

三、代码格式说明

本文非锁时任务态（下文以静息态代替）范例为：ADHD患者、正常人群在静息状态下的脑模式分类

**代码名称：**代码命名为Analysis_rest_XXX( time\ freq\ space)
**输入格式：**输入格式承接上阶段预处理结果文件 Proprocess_target_XX。
**输出及保存格式：**输出为各特征域的可视化图像，代码未进行统一的图像保存，操作人员可按需求手动存储。

三、脑电处理代码

提示：代码环境为 matlab 2018

3.0 参数设置

可视化内容可以选择，把希望可视化特征域写在analysis_content中

可视化内容： analysis_content=[‘time’,‘freq_mean’,‘map’]; 时域、频域、空域均分析
是否绘图：plot_para = [‘time’,‘freq’,‘space’]; 时域、频域、空域均绘图
一次进行10人次的批处理，subject_num = [1;10]
线宽为1：line_size = 1;
字体大小5：text_size = 5;
绘制通道个数1~16：channel_num = [1:16];
频域绘图横轴 0-80Hz：freq_axis = [1;80];
空域地形图一行画5个，space_axis = [1:5];
空域地形图不标记电极位置：space_label = ‘off’;


%% 0.标准数据参数设置
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
data_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\basetest_flod\save_fold\';
svae_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\basetest_flod\save_fold\';
channel_name_path = 'F:\机制分析-128导\channel_name_128';
channel_loc_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\ZRK_BCI_code_Summary\channel_122_loc_2d.txt';

analysis_content = ['time\','freq_mean\','map\'];
plot_para = ['time\','freq\','space\'];

subject_num = [1 ; 10];
line_size = 1;
text_size = 5;
channel_num = [1:16];

freq_axis = [1;80];
freq_draw_log = 1;

space_axis = [1:5];
space_label = 'off';

disp(['||任务态数据分析中...||']);
disp(['被试量: ' , num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'-',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
disp(['是否绘图: ' , num2str(plot_para)]);
disp(['频谱绘制范围: ' , num2str(freq_axis(1,1)),'-',num2str(freq_axis(2,1))]);
disp(['地形图绘制范围: ' , num2str(space_axis)]);
disp(['线条宽度:' , num2str(line_size),'  ||字体大小:' , num2str(text_size)]);
disp(['绘图通道:' , num2str(channel_num)]);

3.1 标准输入赋值

导入上一步预处理-静息态阶段处理后的数据：


%% 1.标准输入赋值
disp(['||预处理后数据加载中...||']);
Proprocess_target_file = load([data_path ,'Proprocess_target_',num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'_',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
Proprocess_nontarget_file = load([data_path ,'Proprocess_nontarget_',num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'_',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
stuct_target_name =  'Proprocess_target';
stuct_nontarget_name =  'Proprocess_nontarget';

Proprocess_target_data = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).data;
Proprocess_nontarget_data = Proprocess_nontarget_file.(stuct_nontarget_name).data;

subject_num = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).subject_num;
fs_down = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).fs_down;

remain_trial_target = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).remain_trial;
remain_trial_nontarget = Proprocess_nontarget_file.(stuct_nontarget_name).remain_trial;

Baseline_reference = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).Baseline_reference ;

disp(['目标试次剩余: ' , num2str(remain_trial_target),'||平均： ', num2str(mean(remain_trial_target)),'||剩余比例: ',num2str(mean(remain_trial_target)/size(Proprocess_target_data,1))]);
disp(['非目标试次剩余: ' , num2str(remain_trial_nontarget),'||平均： ', num2str(mean(remain_trial_nontarget)),'||剩余比例: ',num2str(mean(remain_trial_nontarget)/size(Proprocess_nontarget_data,1))]);

3.2 可视化

3.2.1 可视化-时域

主体调用函数Analysis_rest_time


%% 2.时域分析
disp(['||时域分析加载中...||']);
[time_target]= Analysis_rest_time(Proprocess_target_data,fs_down,Baseline_reference,remain_trial_target,mean_para);
[time_nontarget]= Analysis_rest_time(Proprocess_nontarget_data,fs_down,Baseline_reference,remain_trial_nontarget,mean_para);

%绘图
if contains(plot_para,'time')
load (channel_name_path);
Analysis_time_plot(time_target,time_nontarget,fs_down,Baseline_reference,channel_name,line_size,text_size)
end

主功能函数 Analysis_rest_time：


function [time_analysis_out]= Analysis_rest_time(Standard_input_data,fs_down,Baseline_reference,remain_trial,mean_para)

%% 1.时域均值计算
time_analysis_out = cell(1,1);
channel_mean_raw = zeros(size(Standard_input_data{1,1},1),size(Standard_input_data{1,1},2));
for channel_loop = 1:size(Standard_input_data{1,1},1)
    temp_data = [];
    for subject_loop = 1:size(Standard_input_data,2)
        for trial_loop = 1:remain_trial(1,subject_loop)
            temp_data = [temp_data ; Standard_input_data{trial_loop,subject_loop}(channel_loop,:)];
        end 
    end 
    channel_mean_raw(channel_loop,:) = mean(temp_data);
end

time_analysis_out{1,1} = channel_mean_raw; %必有普通均值的选项，是最基础的分析

if contains(mean_para,'zscore_baseline')
    channel_std = std(channel_mean_raw(:,1:round(fs_down * Baseline_reference(2)))');
    time_analysis_out{2,1} = {time_analysis_out ;channel_mean_raw./channel_std'};
end

end

时域可视化绘图函数 Analysis_task_time：


function  Analysis_time_plot(time_target,time_nontarget,fs_down,Baseline_reference,channel_name,line_size,text_size)

figure('name','time-simple_mean');
x = (0:1/fs_down:size(time_target{1,1},2)/fs_down-1/fs_down) - Baseline_reference(2);
sub_axis_x = ceil(sqrt(size(time_target{1,1},1))); 
sub_axis_y = ceil(size(time_target{1,1},1)/sub_axis_x);
for plot_loop = 1:size(time_target{1,1},1)
subplot(sub_axis_x,sub_axis_y,plot_loop);
plot(x,time_target{1,1}(plot_loop,:),'r','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
plot(x,time_nontarget{1,1}(plot_loop,:),'b','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
title([channel_name{1,plot_loop}, '  第' num2str(plot_loop), '导联'], 'Fontsize',text_size); 
hold on;
max_y = max([time_nontarget{1,1}(plot_loop,:)   time_target{1,1}(plot_loop,:)]);
min_y = min([time_nontarget{1,1}(plot_loop,:)   time_target{1,1}(plot_loop,:)]);
Dotted_line=plot([0,0],[min_y,max_y],'--k','LineWidth',1);
set(Dotted_line,'handlevisibility','off'); 
xlabel('Time/(s)', 'Fontsize',text_size);
ylabel('Amplitude/(uv)','Fontsize',text_size);
end    

if size(time_target,1)>1
figure('name','time-zcore');
x = (0:1/fs_down:size(time_target{2,1},2)/fs_down-1/fs_down) - Baseline_reference(2);
sub_axis_x = ceil(sqrt(size(time_target{2,1},1))); 
sub_axis_y = ceil(size(time_target{2,1},1)/sub_axis_x);
for plot_loop = 1:size(time_target{2,1},1)
subplot(sub_axis_x,sub_axis_y,plot_loop);
plot(x,time_target{2,1}(plot_loop,:),'r','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
plot(x,time_nontarget{2,1}(plot_loop,:),'b','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
title([channel_name{1,plot_loop}, '  第' num2str(plot_loop), '导联'], 'Fontsize',text_size); 
hold on;
max_y = max([time_nontarget{2,1}(plot_loop,:)   time_target{2,1}(plot_loop,:)]);
min_y = min([time_nontarget{2,1}(plot_loop,:)   time_target{2,1}(plot_loop,:)]);
Dotted_line=plot([0,0],[min_y,max_y],'--k','LineWidth',1);
set(Dotted_line,'handlevisibility','off'); 
xlabel('Time/(s)', 'Fontsize',text_size);
ylabel('Amplitude/(uv)','Fontsize',text_size);
end        
end

end

3.2.2 可视化-频域

主体调用函数Analysis_rest_freq


%% 3.频域分析
disp(['||频域分析加载中...||']);
% 注：fft使用采样率作为参数，因此频谱分辨率为1hz
[freq_target]= Analysis_rest_freq(Proprocess_target_data,fs_down,remain_trial_target);
[freq_nontarget]= Analysis_rest_freq(Proprocess_nontarget_data,fs_down,remain_trial_nontarget);
%绘图
if contains(plot_para,'freq')
load (channel_name_path);
Analysis_freq_plot(freq_target,freq_nontarget,fs_down,channel_name,freq_axis,line_size,text_size,freq_draw_log)
end

主功能函数 Analysis_rest_freq：


function [freq_analysis_out]= Analysis_rest_freq(Standard_input_data,fs_down,remain_trial)

%% 1.频域均值计算
freq_analysis_out = cell(1,1);
channel_mean_raw = [];
for channel_loop = 1:size(Standard_input_data{1,1},1)
    temp_data = [];
    for subject_loop = 1:size(Standard_input_data,2)
        for trial_loop = 1:remain_trial(1,subject_loop)
           temp_data = [temp_data ;  abs(fft(Standard_input_data{trial_loop,subject_loop}(channel_loop,:),fs_down))];
        end
    end
    channel_mean_raw(channel_loop,:) = mean(temp_data);
end
freq_analysis_out{1,1} = channel_mean_raw; %必有普通均值的选项，是最基础的分析

end

频域绘图函数Analysis_freq_plot：

function Analysis_freq_plot(freq_target,freq_nontarget,fs_down,channel_name,freq_axis,line_size,text_size,freq_draw_log)


figure('name','freq-simple_mean');
x = freq_axis(1):1:freq_axis(2);
sub_axis_x = ceil(sqrt(size(freq_target{1,1},1))); 
sub_axis_y = ceil(size(freq_target{1,1},1)/sub_axis_x);
for plot_loop = 1:size(freq_target{1,1},1)
subplot(sub_axis_x,sub_axis_y,plot_loop);
if freq_draw_log == 0
plot(x,freq_target{1,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'r','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
plot(x,freq_nontarget{1,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'b','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
end

if freq_draw_log == 1
semilogy(x,freq_target{1,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'r','LineWidth',line_size)
hold on;
semilogy(x,freq_nontarget{1,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'b','LineWidth',line_size)
hold on;
end
title([channel_name{1,plot_loop}, '  第' num2str(plot_loop), '导联'], 'Fontsize',text_size); 
hold on;
xlabel('freq/(s)', 'Fontsize',text_size);
ylabel('Amplitude/(uv)','Fontsize',text_size);
end    

if size(freq_target,1)>1
figure('name','freq-zcore');
x = freq_axis(1):1:freq_axis(2);
sub_axis_x = ceil(sqrt(size(freq_target{1,1},1))); 
sub_axis_y = ceil(size(freq_target{1,1},1)/sub_axis_x);
for plot_loop = 1:size(freq_target{2,1},1)
subplot(sub_axis_x,sub_axis_y,plot_loop);
plot(x,freq_target{2,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'r','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
plot(x,freq_nontarget{2,1}(plot_loop,freq_axis(1):freq_axis(2)),'b','LineWidth',line_size);
hold on;
title([channel_name{1,plot_loop}, '  第' num2str(plot_loop), '导联'], 'Fontsize',text_size); 
hold on;
xlabel('freq/(s)', 'Fontsize',text_size);
ylabel('Amplitude/(uv)','Fontsize',text_size);
end        
end

end

3.2.3 可视化-空域

主体调用函数Analysis_freq_space_plot


%% 4.空域分析 脑地形图
disp(['||空域分析加载中...||']);
if contains(plot_para,'space')
Analysis_freq_space_plot(time_target,time_nontarget,channel_loc_path,fs_down,space_axis,space_label)    
end

disp(['||数据分析完毕||']);

空域绘图函数Analysis_freq_space_plot：


function Analysis_freq_space_plot(freq_target,freq_nontarget,channel_loc_path,fs_down,space_axis,space_label)

five_band_target = zeros(size(freq_target{1,1},1),5);
five_band_nontarget = zeros(size(freq_nontarget{1,1},1),5);
for channel_loop = 1:size(freq_target{1,1},1)
five_band_target(channel_loop,:) = sum_five_band(freq_target{1,1}(channel_loop,:),fs_down);
five_band_nontarget(channel_loop,:) = sum_five_band(freq_nontarget{1,1}(channel_loop,:),fs_down);
end


figure();
sub_axis = size(space_axis,2);
clim = [min(min(five_band_target)),max(max(five_band_target))];
for time_loop=1:size(space_axis,2)
subplot(2,size(space_axis,2),time_loop);
topoplotEEG(five_band_target(:,time_loop),channel_loc_path,'electrodes',space_label,'maplimits',clim);
title([ 'target-', num2str(space_axis(time_loop)),'s']);
end

for time_loop=1:size(space_axis,2)
subplot(2,size(space_axis,2),size(space_axis,2) + time_loop);
topoplotEEG(five_band_nontarget(:,time_loop),channel_loc_path,'electrodes',space_label,'maplimits',clim);
title([ 'nontarget-',num2str(space_axis(time_loop)),'s']);
end

end

这里的地形图绘制代码topoplotEEG，源自EEGLAB软件 [https://sccn.ucsd.edu/eeglab/index.php]：

% topoplot()   - plot a topographic map of an EEG field as a 2-D
%                circular view (looking down at the top of the head) 
%                 using cointerpolation on a fine cartesian grid.
% Usage:
%        >>  topoplot(datavector,'eloc_file');
%        >>  topoplot(datavector,'eloc_file', 'Param1','Value1', ...)
% Inputs:
%    datavector = vector of values at the corresponding locations.
%   'eloc_file' = name of an EEG electrode position file {0 -> 'chan_file'}
%
% Optional Parameters & Values (in any order):
%                  Param                         Value
%                'colormap'         -  any sized colormap
%                'interplimits'     - 'electrodes' to furthest electrode
%                                     'head' to edge of head
%                                        {default 'head'}
%                'gridscale'        -  scaling grid size {default 67}
%                'maplimits'        - 'absmax' +/- the absolute-max 
%                                     'maxmin' scale to data range
%                                     [clim1,clim2] user-definined lo/hi
%                                        {default = 'absmax'}
%                'style'            - 'straight' colormap only
%                                     'contour' contour lines only
%                                     'both' both colormap and contour lines
%                                     'fill' constant color between lines
%                                     'blank' just head and electrodes
%                                        {default = 'both'}
%                'numcontour'       - number of contour lines
%                                        {default = 6}
%                'shading'          - 'flat','interp'  {default = 'flat'}
%                'headcolor'        - Color of head cartoon {default black}
%                'electrodes'       - 'on','off','labels','numbers'
%                'efontsize','electcolor','emarker','emarkersize' - details
%
% Note: topoplot() only works when map limits are >= the max and min 
%                                     interpolated data values.
% Eloc_file format:
%         chan_number degrees radius reject_level amp_gain channel_name
%        (Angle-0 = Cz-to-Fz; C3-angle =-90; Radius at edge of image = 0.5)
%
%       For a sample eloc file:     >> topoplot('example')
%
% Note: topoplot() will ignore any electrode with a position outside 
%       the head (radius > 0.5)

% Topoplot Version 2.1

% Begun by Andy Spydell, NHRC,  7-23-96
% 8-96 Revised by Colin Humphries, CNL / Salk Institute, La Jolla CA
%   -changed surf command to imagesc (faster)
%   -can now handle arbitrary scaling of electrode distances
%   -can now handle non integer angles in eloc_file
% 4-4-97 Revised again by Colin Humphries, reformat by SM
%   -added parameters
%   -changed eloc_file format
% 2-26-98 Revised by Colin
%   -changed image back to surface command
%   -added fill and blank styles
%   -removed extra background colormap entry (now use any colormap)
%   -added parameters for electrode colors and labels
%   -now each topoplot axes use the caxis command again.
%   -removed OUTPUT parameter
% 3-11-98 changed default emarkersize, improve help msg -sm

function handle = topoplot(Vl,loc_file,p1,v1,p2,v2,p3,v3,p4,v4,p5,v5,p6,v6,p7,v7,p8,v8,p9,v9)

% User Defined Defaults:
MAXCHANS = 250;
DEFAULT_ELOC = '16channel.txt';
INTERPLIMITS = 'head';  % head, electrodes
MAPLIMITS = 'absmax';   % absmax, maxmin, [values]
GRID_SCALE = 67;
CONTOURNUM = 6;
STYLE = 'both';       % both,straight,fill,contour,blank
HCOLOR = [0 0 0];
ECOLOR = [0 0 0];
CONTCOLOR = [0 0 0];
ELECTROD = 'on';      % ON OFF LABEL
EMARKERSIZE = 6;
EFSIZE = get(0,'DefaultAxesFontSize');
HLINEWIDTH = 2;
EMARKER = '.';
SHADING = 'flat';     % flat or interp

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
nargs = nargin;
if nargs < 2
  loc_file = DEFAULT_ELOC;
end
if nargs == 1
  if isstr(Vl)
    if any(strcmp(lower(Vl),{'example','demo'}))
      fprintf(['This is an example of an electrode location file,\n',...
               'an ascii file consisting of the following four columns:\n',...
               ' channel_number degrees arc_length channel_name\n\n',...
               'Example:\n',...
               ' 1               -18    .352       Fp1.\n',...
               ' 2                18    .352       Fp2.\n',...
               ' 5               -90    .181       C3..\n',...
               ' 6                90    .181       C4..\n',...
               ' 7               -90    .500       A1..\n',...
               ' 8                90    .500       A2..\n',...
               ' 9              -142    .231       P3..\n',...
               '10               142    .231       P4..\n',...
               '11                 0    .181       Fz..\n',...
               '12                 0    0          Cz..\n',...
               '13               180    .181       Pz..\n\n',...
               'The model head sphere has a diameter of 1.\n',...
               'The vertex (Cz) has arc length 0. Channels with arc \n',...
               'lengths > 0.5 are not plotted nor used for interpolation.\n'...
               'Zero degrees is towards the nasion. Positive angles\n',...
               'point to the right hemisphere; negative to the left.\n',...
               'Channel names should each be four chars, padded with\n',...
               'periods (in place of spaces).\n'])
      return

    end
  end
end
if isempty(loc_file)
  loc_file = 0;
end
if loc_file == 0
  loc_file = DEFAULT_ELOC;
end

if nargs > 2
  if ~(round(nargs/2) == nargs/2)
    error('topoplot(): Odd number of inputs?')
  end
  for i = 3:2:nargs
    Param = eval(['p',int2str((i-3)/2 +1)]);
    Value = eval(['v',int2str((i-3)/2 +1)]);
    if ~isstr(Param)
      error('topoplot(): Parameter must be a string')
    end
    Param = lower(Param);
    switch lower(Param)
      case 'colormap'
        if size(Value,2)~=3
          error('topoplot(): Colormap must be a n x 3 matrix')
        end
        colormap(Value)
      case {'interplimits','headlimits'}
        if ~isstr(Value)
          error('topoplot(): interplimits value must be a string')
        end
        Value = lower(Value);
        if ~strcmp(Value,'electrodes') & ~strcmp(Value,'head')
          error('topoplot(): Incorrect value for interplimits')
        end
        INTERPLIMITS = Value;
      case 'maplimits'
        MAPLIMITS = Value;
      case 'gridscale'
        GRID_SCALE = Value;
      case 'style'
	STYLE = lower(Value);
      case 'numcontour'
        CONTOURNUM = Value;
      case 'electrodes'
	ELECTROD = lower(Value);
      case 'emarker'
	EMARKER = Value;
      case {'headcolor','hcolor'}
	HCOLOR = Value;
      case {'electcolor','ecolor'}
	ECOLOR = Value;
      case {'emarkersize','emsize'}
	EMARKERSIZE = Value;
      case {'efontsize','efsize'}
	EFSIZE = Value;
      case 'shading'
	SHADING = lower(Value);
	if ~any(strcmp(SHADING,{'flat','interp'}))
	  error('Invalid Shading Parameter')
	end
      otherwise
	error('Unknown parameter.')
    end
  end
end

[r,c] = size(Vl);
if r>1 & c>1,
  error('topoplot(): data should be a single vector\n');
end
fid = fopen(loc_file);
if fid<1,
  fprintf('topoplot(): cannot open eloc_file (%s).\n',loc_file);
  return
end
A = fscanf(fid,'%d %f %f %s',[7 MAXCHANS]);
fclose(fid);

A = A';

if length(Vl) ~= size(A,1),
 fprintf(...
   'topoplot(): data vector must have the same rows (%d) as eloc_file (%d)\n',...
               length(Vl),size(A,1));
 A
 error('');
end

labels = setstr(A(:,4:7));
idx = find(labels == '.');                       % some labels have dots
labels(idx) = setstr(abs(' ')*ones(size(idx)));  % replace them with spaces

Th = pi/180*A(:,2);                              % convert degrees to radians
Rd = A(:,3);
ii = find(Rd <= 0.5);                     % interpolate on-head channels only
Th = Th(ii);
Rd = Rd(ii);
Vl = Vl(ii);
labels = labels(ii,:);

[x,y] = pol2cart(Th,Rd);      % transform from polar to cartesian coordinates
rmax = 0.5;

ha = gca;
cla
hold on

if ~strcmp(STYLE,'blank')
  % find limits for interpolation
  if strcmp(INTERPLIMITS,'head')
    xmin = min(-.5,min(x)); xmax = max(0.5,max(x));
    ymin = min(-.5,min(y)); ymax = max(0.5,max(y));
  else
    xmin = max(-.5,min(x)); xmax = min(0.5,max(x));
    ymin = max(-.5,min(y)); ymax = min(0.5,max(y));
  end
  
  xi = linspace(xmin,xmax,GRID_SCALE);   % x-axis description (row vector)
  yi = linspace(ymin,ymax,GRID_SCALE);   % y-axis description (row vector)
  
  [Xi,Yi,Zi] = griddata(y,x,Vl,yi',xi,'v4'); % Interpolate data
  
  % Take data within head
  mask = (sqrt(Xi.^2+Yi.^2) <= rmax);
  ii = find(mask == 0);
  Zi(ii) = NaN;
  
  % calculate colormap limits
  m = size(colormap,1);
  if isstr(MAPLIMITS)
    if strcmp(MAPLIMITS,'absmax')
      amin = -max(max(abs(Zi)));
      amax = max(max(abs(Zi)));
    elseif strcmp(MAPLIMITS,'maxmin')
      amin = min(min(Zi));
      amax = max(max(Zi));
    end
  else
    amin = MAPLIMITS(1);
    amax = MAPLIMITS(2);
  end
  delta = xi(2)-xi(1); % length of grid entry
  
  % Draw topoplot on head
  if strcmp(STYLE,'contour')
    contour(Xi,Yi,Zi,CONTOURNUM,'k');
  elseif strcmp(STYLE,'both')
    surface(Xi-delta/2,Yi-delta/2,zeros(size(Zi)),Zi,'EdgeColor','none',...
	'FaceColor',SHADING);
%     colorbar;
    contour(Xi,Yi,Zi,CONTOURNUM,'k');
  elseif strcmp(STYLE,'straight')
    surface(Xi-delta/2,Yi-delta/2,zeros(size(Zi)),Zi,'EdgeColor','none',...
	'FaceColor',SHADING);
%     colorbar
  elseif strcmp(STYLE,'fill')
    contourf(Xi,Yi,Zi,CONTOURNUM,'k');
  else
    error('Invalid style')
  end
  caxis([amin amax]) % set coloraxis
end

set(ha,'Xlim',[-rmax*1.3 rmax*1.3],'Ylim',[-rmax*1.3 rmax*1.3])

% %%% Draw Head %%%%
l = 0:2*pi/100:2*pi;
basex = .18*rmax;  
tip = rmax*1.15; base = rmax-.004;
EarX = [.497 .510 .518 .5299 .5419 .54 .547 .532 .510 .489];
EarY = [.0555 .0775 .0783 .0746 .0555 -.0055 -.0932 -.1313 -.1384 -.1199];

% Plot Electrodes
if strcmp(ELECTROD,'on') 
  hp2 = plot(y,x,EMARKER,'Color',ECOLOR,'markersize',EMARKERSIZE);
elseif strcmp(ELECTROD,'labels')
  for i = 1:size(labels,1)
    text(y(i),x(i),labels(i,:),'HorizontalAlignment','center',...
	'VerticalAlignment','middle','Color',ECOLOR,...
	'FontSize',EFSIZE)
  end
elseif strcmp(ELECTROD,'numbers')
whos y x 
  for i = 1:size(labels,1)
    text(y(i),x(i),int2str(i),'HorizontalAlignment','center',...
	'VerticalAlignment','middle','Color',ECOLOR,...
	'FontSize',EFSIZE)
  end
end

% Plot Head, Ears, Nose
plot(cos(l).*rmax,sin(l).*rmax,...
    'color',HCOLOR,'Linestyle','-','LineWidth',HLINEWIDTH);

plot([.18*rmax;0;-.18*rmax],[base;tip;base],...
    'Color',HCOLOR,'LineWidth',HLINEWIDTH);
   
plot(EarX,EarY,'color',HCOLOR,'LineWidth',HLINEWIDTH)
plot(-EarX,EarY,'color',HCOLOR,'LineWidth',HLINEWIDTH)   

hold off
axis off

四、可视化整体代码

静息态信号-可视化整体代码：


%% 0.标准数据参数设置
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
data_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\basetest_flod\save_fold\';
svae_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\basetest_flod\save_fold\';
channel_name_path = 'F:\机制分析-128导\channel_name_128';
channel_loc_path = 'C:\Users\Amax\Desktop\ZRK_BCI_code_Summary\channel_122_loc_2d.txt';

analysis_content = ['time\','freq_mean\','map\'];
plot_para = ['time\','freq\','space\'];

subject_num = [1 ; 10];
line_size = 1;
text_size = 5;
channel_num = [1:16];

freq_axis = [1;80];
freq_draw_log = 1;

space_axis = [1:5];
space_label = 'off';

disp(['||任务态数据分析中...||']);
disp(['被试量: ' , num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'-',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
disp(['是否绘图: ' , num2str(plot_para)]);
disp(['频谱绘制范围: ' , num2str(freq_axis(1,1)),'-',num2str(freq_axis(2,1))]);
disp(['地形图绘制范围: ' , num2str(space_axis)]);
disp(['线条宽度:' , num2str(line_size),'  ||字体大小:' , num2str(text_size)]);
disp(['绘图通道:' , num2str(channel_num)]);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%% 1.标准输入赋值
disp(['||预处理后数据加载中...||']);
Proprocess_target_file = load([data_path ,'Proprocess_target_',num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'_',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
Proprocess_nontarget_file = load([data_path ,'Proprocess_nontarget_',num2str(subject_num(1,1)),'_',num2str(subject_num(2,1))]);
stuct_target_name =  'Proprocess_target';
stuct_nontarget_name =  'Proprocess_nontarget';

Proprocess_target_data = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).data;
Proprocess_nontarget_data = Proprocess_nontarget_file.(stuct_nontarget_name).data;

subject_num = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).subject_num;
fs_down = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).fs_down;

remain_trial_target = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).remain_trial;
remain_trial_nontarget = Proprocess_nontarget_file.(stuct_nontarget_name).remain_trial;

Baseline_reference = Proprocess_target_file.(stuct_target_name).Baseline_reference ;

disp(['目标试次剩余: ' , num2str(remain_trial_target),'||平均： ', num2str(mean(remain_trial_target)),'||剩余比例: ',num2str(mean(remain_trial_target)/size(Proprocess_target_data,1))]);
disp(['非目标试次剩余: ' , num2str(remain_trial_nontarget),'||平均： ', num2str(mean(remain_trial_nontarget)),'||剩余比例: ',num2str(mean(remain_trial_nontarget)/size(Proprocess_nontarget_data,1))]);
%% 2.时域分析
disp(['||时域分析加载中...||']);
[time_target]= Analysis_rest_time(Proprocess_target_data,fs_down,Baseline_reference,remain_trial_target,mean_para);
[time_nontarget]= Analysis_rest_time(Proprocess_nontarget_data,fs_down,Baseline_reference,remain_trial_nontarget,mean_para);

%绘图
if contains(plot_para,'time')
load (channel_name_path);
Analysis_time_plot(time_target,time_nontarget,fs_down,Baseline_reference,channel_name,line_size,text_size)
end

%% 3.频域分析
disp(['||频域分析加载中...||']);
% 注：fft使用采样率作为参数，因此频谱分辨率为1hz
[freq_target]= Analysis_rest_freq(Proprocess_target_data,fs_down,remain_trial_target);
[freq_nontarget]= Analysis_rest_freq(Proprocess_nontarget_data,fs_down,remain_trial_nontarget);
%绘图
if contains(plot_para,'freq')
load (channel_name_path);
Analysis_freq_plot(freq_target,freq_nontarget,fs_down,channel_name,freq_axis,line_size,text_size,freq_draw_log)
end

%% 4.空域分析 脑地形图
disp(['||空域分析加载中...||']);
if contains(plot_para,'space')
Analysis_freq_space_plot(freq_target,freq_nontarget,channel_loc_path,fs_down,space_axis,space_label)    
end

disp(['||数据分析完毕||']);

总结

可视化是对脑电数据状态的直观呈现，既是对已处理信号的检查回顾，也是为下一步处理提供借鉴
通过时域抖动观察时序成分，频域能谱分析节律特征，空域分布了解脑区激活
避免从数据输入到结果输出全程 端到端黑盒，中间缺少对数据的把控

当然，本文只介绍了最基础的时域、频域、空域可视化
还有多种可视化方法如PCA降维分布可视化、直方图统计可视化、脑网络连接可视化等
如有需要可以联系我，写新文章介绍进阶的脑电数据可视化方式

囿于能力，挂一漏万，如有笔误请大家指正~

感谢您耐心的观看，本系列更新了约30000字，约3000行开源代码，体量相当于一篇硕士工作。

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免费拿走，全部开源，全部无偿分享~

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脑电EEG代码开源分享【3.可视化分析-静息态篇】

可视化是对脑电数据状态的直观呈现，既是对已处理信号的检查回顾，也是为下一步处理提供借鉴通过时域抖动观察时序成分，频域能谱分析节律特征，空域分布了解脑区激活脑电信号可视化有助于对处理数据综合信息的掌握，是最直观了解数据状态的方法同时，可视化应注重多维度、多角度分析，从不同特征域对数据进行全面了解.本文档旨在归纳BCI-EEG-matlab的数据处理代码，作为EEG数据处理的总结，方便快速搭建处理框架的Baseline，实现自动化、模块插拔化、快速化。
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