Docker 安装手册 —— CentOS 7 Linux

一、环境的检测和准备

uname -a

控制台输出：
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.21.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 18:28:22 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

要求版本在3.8以上

cat /etc/redhat-release

控制台输出：
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
要求版本在7.6以上

getenforce

控制台输出：
Disabled
如果不是，执行命令：

vi /etc/selinux/config

将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled

设置后需要重启才能生效

重启后执行：

systemctl stop firewalld

检查内存：内存需要大于2G

free -m

free -m命令详解

安装Base源

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

安装epel源

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

安装yum utils

yum install -y yum-utils

更改yum源

yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

安装netstat -tools工具包

yum install net-tools

查看docker目录

yum list docker-ce --show-duplicates

二、安装docker

第一种：安装docker

rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

第二种：安装docker

yum install docker-ce

第四种：（rancher）

yum install wget net-tools telnet tree nmap sysstat lrzsz dos2unix bind-utils -y

rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

第五种：离线安装docker

下载地址：建议版本：20.10.6

1、解压并移动

tar zxvf docker-20.10.6.tgz

mv docker/* /usr/bin/

rm -rf docker(刚刚解压出的目录)

2、将docker注册为service

vi /etc/systemd/system/docker.service

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
 
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3、添加文件权限

chmod +x /etc/systemd/system/docker.service

======================================================================================

配置docker (此处开始为公共部分)

mkdir /etc/docker/

mkdir -p /data/docker/

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

• \r\n转换\n

{
 "graph":"/data/docker",
 "storage-driver":"overlay2",
 "insecure-registries":["registry.access.redhat.com","quay.io","192.168.43.33"],
 "registry-mirrors":["https://q2gr04ke.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
 "bip":"172.43.32.1/24",
 "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
 "live-restore":true
}

解释用：

{
	//指定docker工作目录
   "graph":"/data/docker",		
   //存储驱动
   "storage-driver":"overlay2",
   //不安全的私属仓库
   "insecure-registries":["registry.access.redhat.com","quay.io"],
   //阿里云加速源镜像
   "registry-mirrors":["https://q2gr04ke.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
   //docker的网络（宿主机ip：192.168.43.101，建议有一定的关联性，便于后期维护）
   "bip":"172.43.101.0/24",
   //CUP内存控制组
   "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
   //控制引擎与容器解耦（引擎死掉也不会影响容器）
   "live-restore":true
}

启动配置文件

systemctl daemon-reload

设置开机启动docker

systemctl enable docker

启动docker

systemctl start docker

Docker启动命令1:

sudo systemctl start docker

Docker启动命令2:

sudo service docker start

Docker重启命令1:

sudo systemctl restart docker

Docker重启命令2:

sudo service docker restart

docker关闭命令1:

sudo systemctl stop docker

docker关闭命令2:

sudo service docker stop

守护进程重启:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

设置Docker开机自启动方式1:

systemctl enable docker.service

设置Docker开机自启动方式2:

chkconfig docker on

关闭Docker开机启动:

systemctl disable docker.service

查看是否设置开机启动列表:

systemctl list-unit-files | grep enable

三、实例化第一个容器：Hello-World

执行：

docker run hello-world

至此成功