iOS NSAttributeString使用详解

NSAttributeString使用详解

富文本，相当于是给string添加多条属性，如倾斜、字体颜色、间距等属性。

属性列举：

名称	描述	默认值
NSFontAttributeName	字体 UIFont	Helvetica(Neue) 12
NSForegroundColorAttributeName	文字颜色 UIColor	blackColor
NSBackgroundColorAttributeName	背景颜色 UIColor	nil: no background
NSParagraphStyleAttributeName	绘图的风格 NSParagraphStyle	defaultParagraphStyle
NSLigatureAttributeName	字符连体 NSNumber containing integer	default 1: default ligatures, 0: no ligatures
NSKernAttributeName	字符间隔 NSNumber containing floating point value, in points	amount to modify default kerning. 0 means kerning is disabled.
NSTrackingAttributeName	iOS14新增 NSNumber containing floating point value, in points	amount to modify default tracking. 0 means tracking is disabled.
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName	删除线 NSNumber containing integer	default 0: no strikethrough
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName	下划线 NSNumber containing integer	default 0: no underline
NSStrokeColorAttributeName	描绘边颜色 UIColor	default nil: same as foreground color
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName	描边宽度 NSNumber containing floating point value, in percent of font point size	default 0: no stroke; positive for stroke alone, negative for stroke and fill (a typical value for outlined text would be 3.0)
NSShadowAttributeName	阴影 NSShadow	default nil: no shadow
NSTextEffectAttributeName	文字效果 NSString	default nil: no text effect
NSAttachmentAttributeName	附属 NSTextAttachment	default nil
NSLinkAttributeName	链接 NSURL	NSURL (preferred) or NSString
NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName	基础偏移量 NSNumber containing floating point value, in points	offset from baseline, default 0
NSUnderlineColorAttributeName	下划线颜色 UIColor	default nil: same as foreground color
NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName	删除线颜色 UIColor	default nil: same as foreground color
NSObliquenessAttributeName	字体倾斜 NSNumber containing floating point value	skew to be applied to glyphs, default 0: no skew
NSExpansionAttributeName	字体扁平化 NSNumber containing floating point value	log of expansion factor to be applied to glyphs, default 0: no expansion
NSWritingDirectionAttributeName	SArray of NSNumbers representing the nested levels of writing direction overrides as defined by Unicode LRE, RLE, LRO, and RLO characters. The control characters can be obtained by masking NSWritingDirection and NSWritingDirectionFormatType values	LRE:NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight、NSWritingDirectionEmbedding, RLE:NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft 、 NSWritingDirectionEmbedding, LRO: NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight、NSWritingDirectionOverride, RLO: NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft、NSWritingDirectionOverride,
NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName	垂直或者水平 An NSNumber containing an integer value	0 means horizontal text. 1 indicates vertical text. If not specified, it could follow higher-level vertical orientation settings. Currently on iOS, it’s always horizontal. The behavior for any other value is undefined.

使用方式

NSString *priceStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"¥%@元", _valueLabel.text];
NSMutableAttributedString *attributeStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:priceStr attributes:@{
            NSFontAttributeName : [UIFont systemFontOfSize:15.0],
            NSForegroundColorAttributeName : [UIColor blueColor]
}];
[attributeStr addAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName : KFontSize(12.0f)} range:NSMakeRange(0, 1)];
[_valueLabel setAttributedText:attributeStr];

注意点：

1、NSAttributeString 在使用isEqual:方法进行对比时，对比的内容包括两方面，一是对字符串的逐个字符进行比较，二是对对应字符串的属性进行比较。

2、NSShadowAttributeName 设置阴影，单独设置不生效，必须和其他属性搭配才生效。搭配属性有：NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName，NSObliquenessAttributeName，NSExpansionAttributeName

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干货来了

按照官方的NSAttributeString写法写起来很复杂，尤其是多种样式的字符串还需要计算字符串range和lenth，计算错误结果就是crash。因此推荐一个三方，以类似html的写法来设置NSAttributeString。

WPAttributedMarkup

使用举例：

NSDictionary* style1 = @{@"bodys":[UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue" size:20.0],
                             @"bold":[UIColor colorWithRed:75 / 255.0 green:212 / 255.0 blue:2 / 255.0 alpha:1],
                             @"red": [UIColor colorWithRed:30 / 255.0 green:30 / 255.0 blue:30 / 255.0 alpha:1],
                             @"black": [UIColor colorWithRed:120 / 255.0 green:120 / 255.0 blue:120 / 255.0 alpha:1]};
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<black>你的手机号：</black><bodys>%@</bodys>", phoneNumber];
self.phoneNumberLabel.attributedText = [str attributedStringWithStyleBook:style1];

可多个标签嵌套使用，实现样式的灵活设置。