python多线程（2） 02/26

join，daemon

join将其他线程（主线程）挂起，待当前线程结束后，在继续执行挂起主线程
daemon守护线程，主线程结束，守护线程被迫停止

import threading,time
def run():
    for i in range(100):
        time.sleep(0.1)
    print("子线程结束")
t1 = threading.Thread(target=run)
t1.setDaemon(True)#守护线程
t1.start()
t1.join(timeout=5)#指定挂起时间
print("主线程结束")#主，子线程互不干扰

可重入锁

可重入锁RLock，又称递归锁，锁上加锁

#哲学家就餐问题
import threading,time
rlock1 = threading.RLock()
rlock2 = threading.RLock()
rlock3 = threading.RLock()
rlock4 = threading.RLock()
rlock5 = threading.RLock()
class ZheXueJia():
    def __init__(self,left,right):
        self.left = left
        self.right = right
z1 = ZheXueJia(rlock5,rlock1)
z2 = ZheXueJia(rlock1,rlock2)
z3 = ZheXueJia(rlock2,rlock3)
z4 = ZheXueJia(rlock3,rlock4)
z5 = ZheXueJia(rlock4,rlock5)

def run(z,name):
    f = z.left.acquire()
    if f:
         print(name,"获取左筷子")
         ff = z.right.acquire()
         if ff:
            print(name, "获取右筷子")
            print(name,"哲学家开始就餐")
            time.sleep(1)
    z.right.release()
    z.left.release()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=(z1,"z1"))
t2 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=(z2,"z2"))
t3 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=(z3,"z3"))
t4 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=(z4,"z4"))
t5 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=(z5,"z5"))
t1.start()
t2.start()
t3.start()
t4.start()
t5.start()

信号量semaphore

允许限定多个任务同时执行

import threading,time
s = threading.Semaphore(3)
#s = threading.Lock()
def run(name):
    s.acquire()
    print(name,"开始执行")
    time.sleep(1)
    print(name,"执行结束")
    s.release()
start_time = time.time()
t1 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t1",))
t2 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t2",))
t3 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t3",))
t4 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t4",))
t5 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t5",))
t6 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t6",))
t7 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t7",))
t8 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t8",))
t9 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t9",))
t10 = threading.Thread(target=run,args=("t10",))
t1.start()
t2.start()
t3.start()
t4.start()
t5.start()
t6.start()
t7.start()
t8.start()
t9.start()
t10.start()

t1.join()
t2.join()
t3.join()
t4.join()
t5.join()
t6.join()
t7.join()
t8.join()
t9.join()
t10.join()

end_time = time.time()
print(end_time - start_time)#获取执行时间

定时器

import threading
def deal_task(n):#定时器
    print('%s 我被执行了' % n)
t = threading.Timer(3,deal_task,args=(10,))
t.start()

事件Event

import threading,time
e = threading.Event()#创建事件
def hld():
    print("现在是红灯")
    time.sleep(5)
    e.set()
    print("现在是绿灯")
def car_run(name):
    print(name,"迎面驶来")
    e.wait()
    print(name,"继续前行")
for i in range(10):
    t = threading.Thread(target=car_run,args=(i,))
    t.start()
h = threading.Thread(target=hld,)
h.start()

线程队列Queue

#先进后出队列
import queue
q = queue.LifoQueue()
q.put(1)
q.put('1')
q.put({'a':1})
print(q.get())
print(q.get())
print(q.get())

运行结果：
{‘a’: 1}
1
1

#优先级队列
import queue
q = queue.PriorityQueue()
q.put((10,'Q'))
q.put((30,'Z'))
q.put((20,'A'))
print(q.get())
print(q.get())
print(q.get())

运行结果：
(10, ‘Q’)
(20, ‘A’)
(30, ‘Z’)