二维游戏的一些tips

滚动地图的算法实现

	变量设置：
	playerx, playery 为人物相对于完整地图左上角的坐标；
	screen_wide, screen_high 为屏幕的宽和高；
	xtile为屏幕上x轴上可显示的小地图个数；
	ytile为屏幕上y轴上可显示的小地图个数；
	tileplayerx = playerx / tile_wide 为人物所在格x轴下标；
	tileplayery = playery / tile_high 为人物所在格y轴下标；
	
	应该绘制的地图范围是：
	x轴： 由 tileplayerx - xtile/2 至 tileplayerx + xtile/2；
	y轴： 由 tileplayery - ytile/2 至 tileplayery + ytile/2；
	当人物在屏幕正中央时，地图到屏幕的位置变化公式为：
	screenx = xi * tile_wide – playerx + 0.5 * screen_wide
	screeny = yi * tile_high – playery + 0.5 * screen_high

	int beginx = tileplayerx - xtile/2
	int endx = tileplayerx + xtile/2
	int beginy = tileplayery - ytile/2
	int endy = tileplayery + ytile/2
	tileplayerx = playerx / tile_wide
      tileplayery = playery