一、前言
本篇文章将讲述Spring Security 动态分配url权限,未登录权限控制,登录过后根据登录用户角色授予访问url权限
基本环境
- spring-boot 2.1.8
- mybatis-plus 2.2.0
- mysql 数据库
- maven项目
Spring Security入门学习可参考之前文章:
- SpringBoot集成Spring Security入门体验(一)
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38225558/article/details/101754743 - Spring Security 自定义登录认证(二)
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38225558/article/details/102542072
二、数据库建表
表关系简介:
- 用户表
t_sys_user
关联 角色表t_sys_role
两者建立中间关系表t_sys_user_role
- 角色表
t_sys_role
关联 权限表t_sys_permission
两者建立中间关系表t_sys_role_permission
- 最终体现效果为当前登录用户所具备的角色关联能访问的所有url,只要给角色分配相应的url权限即可
温馨小提示:这里逻辑根据个人业务来定义,小编这里讲解案例只给用户对应的角色分配访问权限,像其它的 直接给用户分配权限等等可以自己实现
表模拟数据如下:
三、Spring Security 动态权限控制
1、未登录访问权限控制
自定义AdminAuthenticationEntryPoint
类实现AuthenticationEntryPoint
类
这里是认证权限入口 -> 即在未登录的情况下访问所有接口都会拦截到此(除了放行忽略接口)
温馨小提示:
ResponseUtils
和ApiResult
是小编这里模拟前后端分离情况下返回json格式数据所使用工具类,具体实现可参考文末给出的demo源码
@Component
public class AdminAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
@Override
public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException e) {
ResponseUtils.out(response, ApiResult.fail("未登录!!!"));
}
}
2、自定义过滤器MyAuthenticationFilter
继承OncePerRequestFilter
实现访问鉴权
每次访问接口都会经过此,我们可以在这里记录请求参数、响应内容,或者处理前后端分离情况下,以token换用户权限信息,token是否过期,请求头类型是否正确,防止非法请求等等
logRequestBody()
方法:记录请求消息体logResponseBody()
方法:记录响应消息体
【注:请求的HttpServletRequest流只能读一次
,下一次就不能读取了,因此这里要使用自定义的MultiReadHttpServletRequest
工具解决流只能读一次的问题,响应同理,具体可参考文末demo源码实现】
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MyAuthenticationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService;
protected MyAuthenticationFilter(UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService) {
this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("请求头类型: " + request.getContentType());
if ((request.getContentType() == null && request.getContentLength() > 0) || (request.getContentType() != null && !request.getContentType().contains(Constants.REQUEST_HEADERS_CONTENT_TYPE))) {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
return;
}
MultiReadHttpServletRequest wrappedRequest = new MultiReadHttpServletRequest(request);
MultiReadHttpServletResponse wrappedResponse = new MultiReadHttpServletResponse(response);
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
try {
stopWatch.start();
// 记录请求的消息体
logRequestBody(wrappedRequest);
// String token = "123";
// 前后端分离情况下,前端登录后将token储存在cookie中,每次访问接口时通过token去拿用户权限
String token = wrappedRequest.getHeader(Constants.REQUEST_HEADER);
log.debug("后台检查令牌:{}", token);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(token)) {
// 检查token
SecurityUser securityUser = userDetailsService.getUserByToken(token);
if (securityUser == null || securityUser.getCurrentUserInfo() == null) {
throw new AccessDeniedException("TOKEN已过期,请重新登录!");
}
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(securityUser, null, securityUser.getAuthorities());
// 全局注入角色权限信息和登录用户基本信息
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
}
filterChain.doFilter(wrappedRequest, wrappedResponse);
} finally {
stopWatch.stop();
long usedTimes = stopWatch.getTotalTimeMillis();
// 记录响应的消息体
logResponseBody(wrappedRequest, wrappedResponse, usedTimes);
}
}
private String logRequestBody(MultiReadHttpServletRequest request) {
MultiReadHttpServletRequest wrapper = request;
if (wrapper != null) {
try {
String bodyJson = wrapper.getBodyJsonStrByJson(request);
String url = wrapper.getRequestURI().replace("//", "/");
System.out.println("-------------------------------- 请求url: " + url + " --------------------------------");
Constants.URL_MAPPING_MAP.put(url, url);
log.info("`{}` 接收到的参数: {}",url , bodyJson);
return bodyJson;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
private void logResponseBody(MultiReadHttpServletRequest request, MultiReadHttpServletResponse response, long useTime) {
MultiReadHttpServletResponse wrapper = response;
if (wrapper != null) {
byte[] buf = wrapper.getBody();
if (buf.length > 0) {
String payload;
try {
payload = new String(buf, 0, buf.length, wrapper.getCharacterEncoding());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
payload = "[unknown]";
}
log.info("`{}` 耗时:{}ms 返回的参数: {}", Constants.URL_MAPPING_MAP.get(request.getRequestURI()), useTime, payload);
}
}
}
}
3、自定义UserDetailsServiceImpl
实现UserDetailsService
和 自定义SecurityUser
实现UserDetails
认证用户详情
这个在上一篇文章中也提及过,但上次未做角色权限处理,这次我们来一起加上吧
@Service("userDetailsService")
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private RoleMapper roleMapper;
@Autowired
private UserRoleMapper userRoleMapper;
/***
* 根据账号获取用户信息
* @param username:
* @return: org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails
*/
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
// 从数据库中取出用户信息
List<User> userList = userMapper.selectList(new EntityWrapper<User>().eq("username", username));
User user;
// 判断用户是否存在
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(userList)) {
user = userList.get(0);
} else {
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在!");
}
// 返回UserDetails实现类
return new SecurityUser(user, getUserRoles(user.getId()));
}
/***
* 根据token获取用户权限与基本信息
*
* @param token:
* @return: com.zhengqing.config.security.dto.SecurityUser
*/
public SecurityUser getUserByToken(String token) {
User user = null;
List<User> loginList = userMapper.selectList(new EntityWrapper<User>().eq("token", token));
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loginList)) {
user = loginList.get(0);
}
return user != null ? new SecurityUser(user, getUserRoles(user.getId())) : null;
}
/**
* 根据用户id获取角色权限信息
*
* @param userId
* @return
*/
private List<Role> getUserRoles(Integer userId) {
List<UserRole> userRoles = userRoleMapper.selectList(new EntityWrapper<UserRole>().eq("user_id", userId));
List<Role> roleList = new LinkedList<>();
for (UserRole userRole : userRoles) {
Role role = roleMapper.selectById(userRole.getRoleId());
roleList.add(role);
}
return roleList;
}
}
这里再说下自定义SecurityUser
是因为Spring Security自带的 UserDetails
(存储当前用户基本信息) 有时候可能不满足我们的需求,因此我们可以自己定义一个来扩展我们的需求getAuthorities()
方法:即授予当前用户角色权限信息
@Data
@Slf4j
public class SecurityUser implements UserDetails {
/**
* 当前登录用户
*/
private transient User currentUserInfo;
/**
* 角色
*/
private transient List<Role> roleList;
public SecurityUser() { }
public SecurityUser(User user) {
if (user != null) {
this.currentUserInfo = user;
}
}
public SecurityUser(User user, List<Role> roleList) {
if (user != null) {
this.currentUserInfo = user;
this.roleList = roleList;
}
}
/**
* 获取当前用户所具有的角色
*
* @return
*/
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.roleList)) {
for (Role role : this.roleList) {
SimpleGrantedAuthority authority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getCode());
authorities.add(authority);
}
}
return authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return currentUserInfo.getPassword();
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return currentUserInfo.getUsername();
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
4、自定义UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
实现FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
重写getAttributes()
方法 获取访问该url所需要的角色权限信息
执行完之后到 下一步 UrlAccessDecisionManager
中认证权限
@Component
public class UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {
@Autowired
PermissionMapper permissionMapper;
@Autowired
RolePermissionMapper rolePermissionMapper;
@Autowired
RoleMapper roleMapper;
/***
* 返回该url所需要的用户权限信息
*
* @param object: 储存请求url信息
* @return: null:标识不需要任何权限都可以访问
*/
@Override
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
// 获取当前请求url
String requestUrl = ((FilterInvocation) object).getRequestUrl();
// TODO 忽略url请放在此处进行过滤放行
if ("/login".equals(requestUrl) || requestUrl.contains("logout")) {
return null;
}
// 数据库中所有url
List<Permission> permissionList = permissionMapper.selectList(null);
for (Permission permission : permissionList) {
// 获取该url所对应的权限
if (requestUrl.equals(permission.getUrl())) {
List<RoleMenu> permissions = rolePermissionMapper.selectList(new EntityWrapper<RoleMenu>().eq("permission_id", permission.getId()));
List<String> roles = new LinkedList<>();
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(permissions)){
Integer roleId = permissions.get(0).getRoleId();
Role role = roleMapper.selectById(roleId);
roles.add(role.getCode());
}
// 保存该url对应角色权限信息
return SecurityConfig.createList(roles.toArray(new String[roles.size()]));
}
}
// 如果数据中没有找到相应url资源则为非法访问,要求用户登录再进行操作
return SecurityConfig.createList(Constants.ROLE_LOGIN);
}
@Override
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> aClass) {
return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(aClass);
}
}
5、自定义UrlAccessDecisionManager
实现AccessDecisionManager
重写decide()
方法 对访问url进行权限认证处理
此处小编的处理逻辑是只要包含其中一个角色即可访问
@Component
public class UrlAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {
/**
* @param authentication: 当前登录用户的角色信息
* @param object: 请求url信息
* @param collection: `UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource`中的getAttributes方法传来的,表示当前请求需要的角色(可能有多个)
* @return: void
*/
@Override
public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> collection) throws AccessDeniedException, AuthenticationException {
// 遍历角色
for (ConfigAttribute ca : collection) {
// ① 当前url请求需要的权限
String needRole = ca.getAttribute();
if (Constants.ROLE_LOGIN.equals(needRole)) {
if (authentication instanceof AnonymousAuthenticationToken) {
throw new BadCredentialsException("未登录!");
} else {
throw new AccessDeniedException("未授权该url!");
}
}
// ② 当前用户所具有的角色
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
for (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {
// 只要包含其中一个角色即可访问
if (authority.getAuthority().equals(needRole)) {
return;
}
}
}
throw new AccessDeniedException("请联系管理员分配权限!");
}
@Override
public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute configAttribute) {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> aClass) {
return true;
}
}
6、自定义无权限处理器 UrlAccessDeniedHandler
实现AccessDeniedHandler
重写handle()
方法
在这里自定义403无权限响应内容,登录过后的权限处理
【 注:要和未登录时的权限处理区分开哦~ 】
@Component
public class UrlAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
ResponseUtils.out(response, ApiResult.fail(403, e.getMessage()));
}
}
7、最后在Security 核心配置类
中配置以上处理
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
/**
* 访问鉴权 - 认证token、签名...
*/
private final MyAuthenticationFilter myAuthenticationFilter;
/**
* 访问权限认证异常处理
*/
private final AdminAuthenticationEntryPoint adminAuthenticationEntryPoint;
/**
* 用户密码校验过滤器
*/
private final AdminAuthenticationProcessingFilter adminAuthenticationProcessingFilter;
// 上面是登录认证相关 下面为url权限相关 - ========================================================================================
/**
* 获取访问url所需要的角色信息
*/
private final UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource urlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
/**
* 认证权限处理 - 将上面所获得角色权限与当前登录用户的角色做对比,如果包含其中一个角色即可正常访问
*/
private final UrlAccessDecisionManager urlAccessDecisionManager;
/**
* 自定义访问无权限接口时403响应内容
*/
private final UrlAccessDeniedHandler urlAccessDeniedHandler;
public SecurityConfig(MyAuthenticationFilter myAuthenticationFilter, AdminAuthenticationEntryPoint adminAuthenticationEntryPoint, AdminAuthenticationProcessingFilter adminAuthenticationProcessingFilter, UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource urlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource, UrlAccessDeniedHandler urlAccessDeniedHandler, UrlAccessDecisionManager urlAccessDecisionManager) {
this.myAuthenticationFilter = myAuthenticationFilter;
this.adminAuthenticationEntryPoint = adminAuthenticationEntryPoint;
this.adminAuthenticationProcessingFilter = adminAuthenticationProcessingFilter;
this.urlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource = urlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
this.urlAccessDeniedHandler = urlAccessDeniedHandler;
this.urlAccessDecisionManager = urlAccessDecisionManager;
}
/**
* 权限配置
* @param http
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer<HttpSecurity>.ExpressionInterceptUrlRegistry registry = http.antMatcher("/**").authorizeRequests();
// 禁用CSRF 开启跨域
http.csrf().disable().cors();
// 未登录认证异常
http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(adminAuthenticationEntryPoint);
// 登录过后访问无权限的接口时自定义403响应内容
http.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedHandler(urlAccessDeniedHandler);
// url权限认证处理
registry.withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor<FilterSecurityInterceptor>() {
@Override
public <O extends FilterSecurityInterceptor> O postProcess(O o) {
o.setSecurityMetadataSource(urlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource);
o.setAccessDecisionManager(urlAccessDecisionManager);
return o;
}
});
// 不创建会话 - 即通过前端传token到后台过滤器中验证是否存在访问权限
// http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
// 标识访问 `/home` 这个接口,需要具备`ADMIN`角色
// registry.antMatchers("/home").hasRole("ADMIN");
// 标识只能在 服务器本地ip[127.0.0.1或localhost] 访问 `/home` 这个接口,其他ip地址无法访问
registry.antMatchers("/home").hasIpAddress("127.0.0.1");
// 允许匿名的url - 可理解为放行接口 - 多个接口使用,分割
registry.antMatchers("/login", "/index").permitAll();
// registry.antMatchers("/**").access("hasAuthority('admin')");
// OPTIONS(选项):查找适用于一个特定网址资源的通讯选择。 在不需执行具体的涉及数据传输的动作情况下, 允许客户端来确定与资源相关的选项以及 / 或者要求, 或是一个服务器的性能
registry.antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").denyAll();
// 自动登录 - cookie储存方式
registry.and().rememberMe();
// 其余所有请求都需要认证
registry.anyRequest().authenticated();
// 防止iframe 造成跨域
registry.and().headers().frameOptions().disable();
// 自定义过滤器在登录时认证用户名、密码
http.addFilterAt(adminAuthenticationProcessingFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
.addFilterBefore(myAuthenticationFilter, BasicAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
/**
* 忽略拦截url或静态资源文件夹 - web.ignoring(): 会直接过滤该url - 将不会经过Spring Security过滤器链
* http.permitAll(): 不会绕开springsecurity验证,相当于是允许该路径通过
* @param web
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
web.ignoring().antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET,
"/favicon.ico",
"/*.html",
"/**/*.css",
"/**/*.js");
}
}
四、编写测试代码
控制层:
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class IndexController {
@GetMapping("/")
public ModelAndView showHome() {
return new ModelAndView("home.html");
}
@GetMapping("/index")
public String index() {
return "Hello World ~";
}
@GetMapping("/login")
public ModelAndView login() {
return new ModelAndView("login.html");
}
@GetMapping("/home")
public String home() {
String name = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getName();
log.info("登陆人:" + name);
return "Hello~ " + name;
}
@GetMapping(value ="/admin")
// 访问路径`/admin` 具有`ADMIN`角色权限 【这种是写死方式】
// @PreAuthorize("hasPermission('/admin','ADMIN')")
public String admin() {
return "Hello~ 管理员";
}
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test() {
return "Hello~ 测试权限访问接口";
}
}
页面和其它相关代码这里就不贴出来了,具体可参考文末demo源码
五、运行访问测试效果
1、未登录时
2、登录过后如果有权限则正常访问
3、登录过后,没有权限
这里我们可以修改 数据库角色权限关联表t_sys_role_permission来进行测试哦 ~Security 动态url权限也就是依赖这张表来判断的,只要修改这张表分配角色对应url权限资源,用户访问url时就会动态的去判断,无需做其他处理,如果是将权限信息放在了缓存中,修改表数据时及时更新缓存即可!
4、登录过后,访问数据库中没有配置的url 并且 在Security中没有忽略拦截的url时
六、总结
- 自定义未登录权限处理器
AdminAuthenticationEntryPoint
- 自定义未登录时访问无权限url响应内容 - 自定义访问鉴权过滤器
MyAuthenticationFilter
- 记录请求响应日志、是否合法访问,验证token过期等 - 自定义
UrlFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
- 获取访问该url所需要的角色权限 - 自定义
UrlAccessDecisionManager
- 对访问url进行权限认证处理 - 自定义
UrlAccessDeniedHandler
- 登录过后访问无权限url失败处理器 - 自定义403无权限响应内容 - 在
Security核心配置类
中配置以上处理器和过滤器