C# LINQ笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 08:31:56 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 08:31:56 发布

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分类专栏： C# 文章标签： c# linq

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本文介绍了C#编程中LINQ的关键特性，包括from子句的声明式遍历、foreach用于有序访问集合、join子句结合多个集合数据以及orderby对结果进行排序。通过实例展示了如何使用这些子句操作数组和匿名类型对象。

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C# LINQ笔记

from子句

foreach语句命令式指定了按顺序一个个访问集合中的项。from子句只是声明式地规定集合中的每个项都要访问，并没有指定顺序。
foreach在遇到代码时就执行其主体。from子句什么也不执行，只有在遇到访问查询变量的语句时才会执行。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    
    class Test
    {
        
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int[] ints = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
            var nums = from n in ints
                       where n > 7
                       select n;
            foreach (var n in nums)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(n);
            }
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

运行结果

在这里插入图片描述

join子句

使用联结来结合两个或更多集合中的数据。
联结对象接受两个集合，然后创建一个临时的对象集合，每一个对象包含原始集合对象中的所有字段。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    class student
    {
        public int id;
        public string name;
    }
    class courseStudent
    {
        public string course;
        public int id;
    }

    class Test
    {

        static student[] students = new student[]
        {
            new student{ id = 1, name = "熊1" },
            new student{ id = 2, name = "熊2" },
        };
        static courseStudent[] courseStudents = new courseStudent[]
        {
            new courseStudent{ id = 1, course = "体育" },
            new courseStudent{ id = 2, course = "历史" },
            new courseStudent{ id = 3, course = "语文" },
        };
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var names = from s in students
                     join c in courseStudents on s.id equals c.id
                     where c.course == "历史"
                     select s.name;

            foreach (var item in names)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

运行结果

因为选修“历史”课程的是熊2，所以输出的是熊2：
在这里插入图片描述

orderby

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    class student
    {
        public int id;
        public string name;
    }
    class courseStudent
    {
        public string course;
        public int id;
    }

    class Test
    {

        static student[] students = new student[]
        {
            new student{ id = 1, name = "熊1" },
            new student{ id = 2, name = "熊2" },
        };
        static courseStudent[] courseStudents = new courseStudent[]
        {
            new courseStudent{ id = 1, course = "体育" },
            new courseStudent{ id = 2, course = "历史" },
            new courseStudent{ id = 3, course = "语文" },
        };
       
      
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
          //匿名类型的对象数组
            var students2 = new[]
            {
                new { Name = "student1", Age = 1, Course = "体育" },
                new { Name = "student2", Age = 2, Course = "美术" },
                new { Name = "student3", Age = 3, Course = "历史" },
                new { Name = "student4", Age = 4, Course = "历史" },
                new { Name = "student5", Age = 5, Course = "历史" },
                new { Name = "student6", Age = 1, Course = "历史" },
            };
            var stu = from s in students2
                      orderby s.Age
                      select s;
            foreach (var student2 in stu)
                Console.WriteLine("{0},{1},{2}", student2.Name, student2.Age, student2.Course);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}