单例设计模式

方法一：饿汉式—静态常量方式（线程安全）

public class Singleton {  
    private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static Singleton getInstance() {  
    return instance;  
    }  
}

方法二：饿汉式—静态代码块方式（线程安全）

public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton instance;
    static {
        instance = new Singleton();
    }
    private Singleton() {}
    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }
}

方法三：懒汉式（线程不安全）

public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton singleton;
    private Singleton() {}
    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        if (singleton == null) {
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

方法四：懒汉式（线程安全，方法上加同步锁）

public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton singleton;
    private Singleton() {}
    public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {
        if (singleton == null) {
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

方法五：双重校验锁（线程安全，效率高）

public class Singleton {
	private volatile static Singleton singleton;
	private Singleton() {}
	public static Singleton getSingleton() {
		if (singleton == null) {
			synchronized (Singleton.class) {
				if (singleton == null) {
						singleton = new Singleton();
				}
			}
		}
		return singleton;
	}
}

方法六：静态内部类实现单例（线程安全、效率高）

public class Singleton {  
    private static class SingletonHolder {  
    private static final Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton();  
    }  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static final Singleton getInstance() {  
    return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;  
    }  
}