实现Android蓝牙聊天通讯

实现Android蓝牙聊天通讯

用到的原理：通过利用蓝牙Socket通讯的方式实现两个Android设备的消息传输。

功能流程：
1.首先搜索可以进行蓝牙配对的设备
2.请求蓝牙配对建立设备之间的连接
3.连接成功后，实现设备之间消息传输

蓝牙配对部分的实现

注册广播，以便找到可配对的蓝牙设备后发送广播。包括开始搜索，搜索结束，找到设备三个广播。

            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
            registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
            filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
            registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
            mBtAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
            Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBtAdapter.getBondedDevices();
            if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
                findViewById(R.id.title_paired_devices).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                    mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
                }
            } else {
                String noDevices = getResources().getText(R.string.none_paired).toString();
                mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter.add(noDevices);
            }

开启对其他蓝牙设备的搜索。

    mBtAdapter.startDiscovery();  

定义广播接收者，处理扫描蓝牙设备的结果。

        private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                String action = intent.getAction();
                if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                    BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                    if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
                        mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
                    }
                } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
                    if (mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.getCount() == 0) {
                        String noDevices = getResources().getText(R.string.none_found).toString();
                        mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(noDevices);
                    }
                }
            }
        };

服务类的实现
监听线程，准备接收新的连接

  // 创建监听线程，准备接受新连接。使用阻塞方式，调用 BluetoothServerSocket.accept()
    private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;

        public AcceptThread() {
            BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
            try {
                //使用射频端口（RF comm）监听
                tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
            }
            mmServerSocket = tmp;
        }


        @Override
        public void run() {
            setName("AcceptThread");
            BluetoothSocket socket = null;
            while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) {
                try {
                    socket = mmServerSocket.accept();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    break;
                }
                if (socket != null) {
                    synchronized (ChatService.this) {
                        switch (mState) {
                            case STATE_LISTEN:
                            case STATE_CONNECTING:
                                connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice());
                                break;
                            case STATE_NONE:
                            case STATE_CONNECTED:
                                try {
                                    socket.close();
                                } catch (IOException e) {
                                    e.printStackTrace();
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmServerSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

连接后一直运行的线程，利用InputStream和Outputstream接收和发送新的消息

    private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final InputStream mmInStream;
        private final OutputStream mmOutStream;

        public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
            mmSocket = socket;
            InputStream tmpIn = null;
            OutputStream tmpOut = null;
            try {
                tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
                tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mmInStream = tmpIn;
            mmOutStream = tmpOut;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int bytes;
            while (true) {
                try {
                    bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer);
                    mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_READ, bytes, -1, buffer).sendToTarget();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    connectionLost();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        public void write(byte[] buffer) {
            try {
                mmOutStream.write(buffer);
                mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, buffer).sendToTarget();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

连接时，用于处理连接设备发出蓝牙连接的请求

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
        private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
        private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice;

        public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {
            mmDevice = device;
            BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
            try {
                tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mmSocket = tmp;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            setName("ConnectThread");
            mAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
            try {
                mmSocket.connect();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                connectionFailed();
                try {
                    mmSocket.close();
                } catch (IOException e2) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                ChatService.this.start();
                return;
            }
            synchronized (ChatService.this) {
                mConnectThread = null;
            }
            connected(mmSocket, mmDevice);
        }

        public void cancel() {
            try {
                mmSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

配对完发送消息

private void sendMessage(String message) {
        if (mChatService.getState() != ChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) {
            Toast.makeText(this, R.string.not_connected, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }
        if (message.length() > 0) {
            byte[] send = message.getBytes();
            mChatService.write(send);
            mOutStringBuffer.setLength(0);
            mOutEditText.setText(mOutStringBuffer);
        }
    }

所必要的权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <!--6.0版本以上的蓝牙权限需要模糊定位权限，仅作用于6.0+-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

完整源码