Linux内核 Runtime机制

在Linux内核中，Runtime机制是一种电源管理机制，它允许设备在空闲时进入低功耗状态，减少能源消耗。在runtime 的实际使用中需要在设备驱动实现Runtime_idle()、Runtime_suspend()和Runtime_resume()等函数。它用于控制设备的低功耗状态和恢复工作状态。

首先rumtime的回调函数定义在如下结构体中

struct dev_pm_ops {
    int (*prepare)(struct device *dev);
    void (*complete)(struct device *dev);
    int (*suspend)(struct device *dev);
    int (*resume)(struct device *dev);
    int (*freeze)(struct device *dev);
    int (*thaw)(struct device *dev);
    int (*poweroff)(struct device *dev);
    int (*restore)(struct device *dev);
    int (*suspend_late)(struct device *dev);
    int (*resume_early)(struct device *dev);
    int (*freeze_late)(struct device *dev);
    int (*thaw_early)(struct device *dev);
    int (*poweroff_late)(struct device *dev);
    int (*restore_early)(struct device *dev);
    int (*suspend_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*resume_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*freeze_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*thaw_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*poweroff_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*restore_noirq)(struct device *dev);
    int (*runtime_suspend)(struct device *dev);
    int (*runtime_resume)(struct device *dev);
    int (*runtime_idle)(struct device *dev);
}；

struct device_driver {
    const char        *name;
    struct bus_type        *bus;

    struct module        *owner;
    const char        *mod_name;    /* used for built-in modules */

    bool suppress_bind_attrs;    /* disables bind/unbind via sysfs */
    enum probe_type probe_type;

    const struct of_device_id    *of_match_table;
    const struct acpi_device_id    *acpi_match_table;

    int (*probe) (struct device *dev);
    int (*remove) (struct device *dev);
    void (*shutdown) (struct device *dev);
    int (*suspend) (struct device *dev, pm_message_t state);
    int (*resume) (struct device *dev);
    const struct attribute_group **groups;

    const struct dev_pm_ops *pm;

    struct driver_private *p;
};

从上可以看出如需要使用runtime时 可以在实现设备驱动实现相应的回调函数。

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/of_platform.h>
#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>

static ssize_t test_runtime_show(struct device *dev,
		  struct device_attribute *attr,
		  char *buf)
{
	return 0;
}

static ssize_t test_runtime_store(struct device *dev,
			struct device_attribute *attr,
			const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	int ret = -EINVAL;
	int runtime_status;


	ret = kstrtouint(buf, 16, &runtime_status);
	if (ret < 0) {
		return ret;
	}
	
	if(runtime_status)
	{
		pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
	}
	else
	{
		pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
	}
	return count;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(test_runtime);


#ifdef CONFIG_PM
static int test_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
{

	return 0;
}

static int test_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
{


	return 0;
}

static int test_runtime_idle(struct device *dev)
{


	return 0;
}
#endif

static const struct dev_pm_ops test_dev_pm_ops = {
	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(test_runtime_suspend,
			test_runtime_resume, test_runtime_idle)
};


static int test_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
	int ret = 0;
	
	pm_runtime_set_active(dev);
	pm_runtime_enable(dev);

	
	ret = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_test_runtime);

	return ret;
}
static int test_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
	
	pm_runtime_disable(dev);
	pm_runtime_set_suspended(dev);
	return 0;
}
static const struct of_device_id test_of_match[] = {
	{.compatible = "test,test_driver", },
	{ }
};

static struct platform_driver test_driver = {
	.driver = {
		.name = "test_driver",
		.owner = THIS_MODULE,
		.of_match_table = test_of_match,
		.pm = &test_dev_pm_ops,	
	},
	.probe = test_probe,
	.remove = test_remove,
};

static int __init test_init(void)
{
	int ret;

	ret = platform_driver_register(&test_driver);

	return ret;
}

static void __exit test_exit(void)
{
	platform_driver_unregister(&test_driver);
}

module_init(test_init);
module_exit(test_exit);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("test driver");
MODULE_AUTHOR("xxxxxxxxxx");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

代码会生成如下节点，对其进行操作实现runtime的调用：

/sys/bus/platform/devices/soc:test_driver/test_runtime