直方图操作

直方图操作

1、直方图均衡化

直方图均衡化api:

2、代码实现

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat img = imread("G:/testpic/img.png");
	if (img.empty())
	{
		printf("cannot load the image");
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input", img);

	//直方图均衡化
	Mat gray, ehist;
	cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
	
	equalizeHist(gray, ehist);
	imshow("output", ehist);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

原图：

直方图均衡化：

3、直方图的计算

分离单通道

计算直方图

归一化：
normalize(InputArry src,InputOutputArray dst,double alpha=1,double beta=0,int norm_type=NORM_L2,int dtype=-1,InputArray mark=noArry())

归一化数据。该函数分为范围归一化与数据值归一化
参数说明
src 输入数组；
dst 输出数组，数组的大小和原数组一致；
alpha 1,用来规范值，2.规范范围，并且是下限；
beta 只用来规范范围并且是上限；//为0时则为值归一化，否则为范围归一化
norm_type 归一化选择的数学公式类型；
dtype 当为负，输出在大小深度通道数都等于输入，当为正，输出只在深度与输如不同，不同的地方游dtype决定；
mark 掩码。选择感兴趣区域，选定后只能对该区域进行操作。

4、直方图计算代码实现

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Mat img = imread("G:/testpic/img.png");
	if (!img.data)
	{
		printf("cannot load the image");
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input", img);

	//划分通道
	Mat brg_planes;
	split(img, bgr_planes);
	
	//归一化
	Mat b_hist, g_hist, r_hist;
	int high = 512;
	int wide = 400;
	Mat histImage(wide, high, Scalar(255,255,255));
	//归一化
	normalize(bgr_planes[0], b_hist, 0, high, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	normalize(bgr_planes[1], g_hist, 0, high, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	normalize(bgr_planes[2], r_hist, 0, high, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());

	//直方图计算
	int histsize = 256;
	float range[] = {0, 256};
	const float* histrange = {range};
	calcHist(&bgr_planes[0], 1, 0, Mat(), b_list, 1, &histsize, &histrange, true, false);
	calcHist(&bgr_planes[1], 1, 0, Mat(), g_list, 1, &histsize, &histrange, true, false);
	clacHist(&bgr_planes[2], 1, 0, Mat(), r_list, 1, &histsize, &histrange, true, false);

	//画线
	bin_W = cvRound(wide / histsize);
	for (size_t i = 1; i < histsize; i++)
	{
		line(histImage, Point((i-1)*bin_w, high - b_hist.at<float>(i-1)), Point((i)*bin_w, high - b_hist.at<float>(i)), 
			Scalar(255,0,0), -1, LINE_AA);
		line(histImage, Point((i-1)*bin_w, high - g_hist.at<float>(i-1)), Point((i)*bin_w, high - g_hist.at<float>(i)), 
			Scalar(0,255,0), -1, LINE_AA);
		line(histImage, Point((i-1)*bin_W, high - r_hist.at<float>(i-1)), Point((i)*bin_w, high - r_hist.at<float>	(i)),Scalar(0,0,255), -1, LINE_AA);
	}
	imshow("output", histImage);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}