第四课 处理流

1 缓冲流

• 增强功能，提供性能
• 字节缓冲流
  • 输入流：BufferedInputStream
  • 输出流：BufferedOutputStream

// 在节点流外层嵌套处理流
inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(inputFile));
outputStrem = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(outputFile));
int len = 0;
byte[] ch = new byte[100];
while ((len = inputStream.read(ch)) != -1) {
	outputStrem.write(ch, 0, len);
}

• 字符缓冲流
  • BufferedReader，新增方法readLine()读取单行
  • BufferedWriter，新增方法newLine()相当于换行符

// 在节点流外层嵌套处理流
reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(srcFile));
writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(destFile));
String str = null;
while (null != (str = reader.readLine())) {
	writer.write(str);
	writer.newLine(); // 换行符
}

2 转换流（字节流转字符流：主要用来处理乱码）

• 编码与解码的概念
  • 编码：字符 --> 编码字符集 --> 二进制
  • 解码：二进制 --> 解码字符集 --> 字符
• 乱码
  • 编码与解码的字符集不统一
  • 字节缺少，长度缺失
• 转换流：字节流转换为字符流
  • 输入流：InputStreamReader
  • 输出流：OutputStreamWriter

/*
 * 输入流：字节流转字符流
 */
public static void test01() {
	String filePath = "D:\\test\\readTest.txt";
	File file = new File(filePath);
	BufferedReader reader = null;
	String str = null;

	try {
		reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), "UTF-8"));
		while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
			System.out.println(str);
		}

	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		try {
			if (reader != null) {
				reader.close();
			}
		} catch (Exception e2) {
			e2.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

/*
 * 输出流：字节流转字符流
 */
public static void test02() {
	String filePath = "D:\\test\\writeTest.txt";
	File file = new File(filePath);
	BufferedWriter writer = null;

	try {
		writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), "UTF-8"));
		String str = "哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈";
		writer.write(str);
		writer.flush();
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		try {
			if (writer != null) {
				writer.close();
			}
		} catch (Exception e2) {
			e2.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}