undefined symbol 问题解决记录(一)

历经一个月，昨日完成打印机network部分的编写(c语言)，编写makefile构建动态库。构建完成后遂进行调用测试，出现：

./network: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so: undefined symbol: cupsGetDests

将解决方法与过程记录，以便日后查阅。

查找与分析原因

在编译时未出现问题，没有报错，成功编译生成动态库。以下为编译的makefile文件。

###########################################################
#	File:	netPrnctl.so Makefile
#	Author: Neko
###########################################################

CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -Wall -g -fPIC

INCLUDE = -I./inc -I../ -I../cups -I../backend -I/usr/include/libusb-1.0
TARGET = netPrnctl.so

vpath % .h ./inc

OBJS	= public.o prnctlAvision.o prnctlNetwork.o prnctl.o
SRCS	= ./src/public.c ./src/prnctlAvision.c ./src/prnctlNetwork.c ./src/prnctl.c

$(OBJS):$(SRCS)
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) -c $^

all:$(OBJS)
	$(CC) -shared -fPIC -o $(TARGET) $(OBJS) -pthread
	cp $(TARGET) /usr/bin
	cp $(TARGET) /usr/lib64

clean:
	rm -f *.o
	rm -f netPrnctl.so

虽成功生成了动态库，但是在调用时却出现找不到符号的问题，于是使用 ldd -r 查看

neko@neko:~/ZCPrinterDevice/NetworkSetupTool/filter$ ldd -r /usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so
	linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffeef44c000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f9607add000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f96076ec000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f9607f0f000)
undefined symbol: libusb_open	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsArrayNew	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsDirOpen	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: ppdFindAttr	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsParseOptions	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsGetPPD	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: libusb_set_interface_alt_setting	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: libusb_release_interface	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: ppdClose	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsGetOption	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: libusb_detach_kernel_driver	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: libusb_close	(/usr/lib64/netPrnctl.so)
undefined symbol: cupsFreeOptions	(/usr/lib64/netPrnc