Web复习-5: xml

本节的主要内容在理解xml的解析方式以及dom4j节点查/增删改的方法运用, 最后学习了xpath定位方法.

解析

dom解析: 一次读入xml加载返回document对象, 然后增删改查

sax解析: 读一行解析一行, 查询效率高, 不能改

package com.wang.xml;

import org.dom4j.*;
import org.dom4j.io.*;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName TestXmlParser
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author Yeseung
 * @Date 2021/5/129:58
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class TestXmlParser {
    @Test
    public void test() throws DocumentException {
        //1. 导入dom解析包
        //2. 创建saxRedaer
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        //3. saxReader读取文件, 返回一个document对象

        Document document = reader.read(new File("books.xml"));
        System.out.println(document);
        //4. 获取到后增删改查
    }

    @Test
    public void testxml2() throws DocumentException {
        //1. 导包; 2. 创建一个阅读器;
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        //3. 使用阅读器读取文件
        Document document = reader.read(new File("books.xml"));

        //解析
        // 返回9
        System.out.println(document.getNodeType());
        //先要获取根节点, 使用根节点向下找
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        //节点类型
        System.out.println(rootElement.getNodeType());
        //节点名称
        System.out.println(rootElement.getName());

        //当前节点下所有子节点
        List<Element> list = rootElement.elements();
        for (Element e : list) {
            //获取当前节点下, 名为name的元素的文本值
            System.out.println(e.elementText("name"));
            List<Element> list1 = e.elements();
            for (Element ele : list1) {
                // 获取本标签中的文本值
                System.out.println(ele.getText());
            }
        }
        // list中是所有book集合
        for (Element e : list) {
            System.out.println(e.attributeValue("sn"));
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testPojo() throws Exception {
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = saxReader.read(new File("books.xml"));
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        List<Element> list = rootElement.elements();
        List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Element e : list) {
            String sn = e.attributeValue("sn");
            String name = e.elementText("name");
            String price = e.elementText("price");
            String author = e.elementText("author");
            bookList.add(new Book(name, price, author, sn));
        }
        System.out.println(bookList);
    }

    @Test
    public void testChangeSave() throws Exception {
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = saxReader.read(new File("books.xml"));
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        //获取第一个element
        Element book = rootElement.element("book");
        Element name = book.element("name");
        //修改文本值和属性
        name.setText("我想试试!");
        name.addAttribute("more-information", "test");
        //把修改的东西保存起来, OutputFormat输出的数据格式化
//        OutputFormat opf = OutputFormat.createCompactFormat();
        OutputFormat opf = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        //XMLWriter用来写对象
        XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("output.xml"), opf);
        writer.write(document);
        writer.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testXpath() throws  Exception{
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = saxReader.read(new File("books.xml"));
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        // xpath获取元素, 依据sn
        Node node = rootElement.selectSingleNode("//book[@sn='SN12341232']");
        Element e1 = (Element) node;
        System.out.println(e1.attributeValue("sn"));
        //xpath获取到所有name标签
        List<Element> list = rootElement.selectNodes("//name");
        for (Element e: list){
            System.out.println(e.getText());
        }
    }
}

相应的xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<books>
    <book sn="SN12341232">
        <name>辟邪剑谱</name>
        <price>9.9</price>
        <author>班主任</author>
    </book>
    <book sn="SN12341231">
        <name>葵花宝典</name>
        <price>99.99</price>
        <author>班长</author>
    </book>
</books>