Qt实现安卓手机蓝牙通信并控制stm32f103c8t6驱动VFD屏

一、Qt建立蓝牙通信

Qt具有跨平台的特性所以非常适合写通信的demo，但是在这个例程中Qt蓝牙部分不支持Windows平台，安卓平台使用没问题。
Qt蓝牙主要涉及到三个类的使用：
QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent //扫描周围蓝牙设备
QBluetoothLocalDevice //扫描本地蓝牙
QBluetoothSocket //建立蓝牙的socket读写

安卓不支持低功耗蓝牙，但是socket既可以使用经典蓝牙也可以使用低功耗蓝牙，本例程使用经典蓝牙socket收发数据

1、在.pro工程文件添加

Qt                   +=bluetooth

2、主要代码Widget.h和Widget.c

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")   //解决中文乱码

#include <QWidget>
#include <QObject>
#include <QtBluetooth/qbluetoothlocaldevice.h>
#include <qbluetoothaddress.h>
#include <qbluetoothdevicediscoveryagent.h>
#include <qbluetoothlocaldevice.h>
#include <qbluetoothsocket.h>
#include <QMap>
#include <QTimer>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();

    void model2_Init();
public slots:
    void addBlueToothDevicesToList(const QBluetoothDeviceInfo&);
    void readBluetoothDataEvent();
    void bluetoothConnectedEvent();
    void bluetoothDisconnectedEvent();
    void onError(QBluetoothSocket::SocketError error);
    void open_BLE();
    void close_BLE();
    void scanFinished();
private:
    QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent *discoveryAgent;
    QBluetoothLocalDevice *localDevice;
    QBluetoothSocket *socket;
    QByteArray blueArray;
    QMap<QString,QBluetoothAddress>m;
    QBluetoothDeviceInfo remoteDeviceInfo;
    float ff;//随机数缓存
    float div;//每次下降数
    float sx;//上限
    float t;//时间
    QString ss;//字符判断是模式1还是模式2
    QTimer *time;

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_2_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_4_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_5_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_3_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_7_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_8_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_9_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_6_clicked();

    void timeProcess();
    void on_pushButton_10_clicked();

    void on_label_7_linkActivated(const QString &link);

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H
## Widget.c
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QRandomGenerator>
#include <QLowEnergyController>


//这个UUID要根据自己的使用情况来确定,我使用的是串口类的UUID,具体可https://www.jianshu.com/p/eb85cb690e86
static const QLatin1String serviceUuid("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
//static const QLatin1String serviceUuid("FDA50693A4E24FB1AFCFC6EB07647825");
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{

    ui->setupUi(this);

    ui->plainTextEdit->setDisabled(1);

    discoveryAgent = new QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent(this);
    localDevice = new QBluetoothLocalDevice(this);
    socket = new QBluetoothSocket(QBluetoothServiceInfo::RfcommProtocol);

    time = new QTimer(this);
    connect(time,SIGNAL(timeout()),this,SLOT(timeProcess()));

    discoveryAgent->start();
    ui->pushButton_4->setDisabled(1);
     connect(discoveryAgent, SIGNAL(finished()), this, SLOT(scanFinished()));//搜索结束
     connect(discoveryAgent,
            SIGNAL(deviceDiscovered(QBluetoothDeviceInfo)),
            this,
            SLOT(addBlueToothDevicesToList(QBluetoothDeviceInfo))
            );
    connect(socket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),
            this,
            SLOT(readBluetoothDataEvent())
            );
    connect(socket,SIGNAL(connected()),
            this,
            SLOT(bluetoothConnectedEvent())
            );
    connect(socket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),
            this,
            SLOT(bluetoothDisconnectedEvent())
            );
    connect(socket,SIGNAL(error(QBluetoothSocket::SocketError)),this,SLOT(onError(QBluetoothSocket::SocketError)));

}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
    delete discoveryAgent;
    delete localDevice;
    delete socket;
    delete time;
}


void Widget::onError(QBluetoothSocket::SocketError error)
{
    QString str;
    if(QBluetoothSocket::UnknownSocketError == error){
        str = "UnknownSocketError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::NoSocketError == error){
        str = "NoSocketError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::HostNotFoundError == error){
        str = "HostNotFoundError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::ServiceNotFoundError == error){
        str = "ServiceNotFoundError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::NetworkError == error){
        str = "NetworkError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::UnsupportedProtocolError == error){
        str = "UnsupportedProtocolError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::OperationError == error){
        str = "OperationError";
    }else if(QBluetoothSocket::RemoteHostClosedError == error){
        str = "RemoteHostClosedError";
    }
    qDebug()<<error;
    //emit backendRunMesgPost(str);
    //emit backendRunMesgPost("SocketError");
}


void Widget::addBlueToothDevicesToList( const QBluetoothDeviceInfo &info )
{
    remoteDeviceInfo = info;
    qDebug()<<"进入addBlueToothDevicesToList函数！";
    QString label = QString("%1 %2").arg(info.address().toString()).arg(info.name());
    qDebug()<<label;
    ui->comboBox->addItem(info.name());
    if(label.contains("BT04-A")){
    //找到需要连接的蓝牙名字
        int index = label.indexOf(' ');
        if(index == -1){
            qDebug()<<"index";
            return;
        }
        QBluetoothAddress address(label.left(index));
        m[info.name()] = address;//关联蓝牙名字和address
        QString name(label.mid(index + 1));
        qDebug() << "You has choice the bluetooth address is " << address<<name<<endl;
        //qDebug() << "The device is connneting.... ";
        //ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("You has choice the bluetooth address is "+name);
        //ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("The device is connneting.... ");
        //emit backendRunMesgPost("The device is connneting");
        //socket->connectToService(address, QBluetoothUuid(serviceUuid) ,QIODevice::ReadWrite);
    }
}

void Widget::readBluetoothDataEvent()
{
    static int cnt = 0;
    QByteArray line = socket->readAll();
    if(line.startsWith("y") || line.startsWith("r"))
        ss = line;
    if(ss.startsWith("y"))
    {
        //ss = "d";
        if(!line.startsWith('y'))
        {
            blueArray.append(line);
        }
        if(cnt < 4)
        {
            ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(QString(blueArray));
            cnt++;
        }
        else
        {
            cnt = 0;
            ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
        }
        //ui->plainTextEdit->setPlainText(QString(blueArray));
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("模式1");
        emit ui->pushButton_3->clicked(1);
    }
    else if(ss.startsWith("r"))
    {
        ss = "d";
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("模式2");
        model2_Init();
        emit ui->pushButton_10->clicked(1);
        emit ui->pushButton_7->clicked(1);
        ss = "d";
    }
    else if(line.startsWith("Flash"))
    {
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText(QString(line));
        ss = "d";
    }
}

void Widget::bluetoothConnectedEvent()
{
    qDebug() << "The android device has been connected successfully!";
    ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("The android device has been connected successfully!");
}

void Widget::bluetoothDisconnectedEvent()
{
    qDebug() << "The android device has been disconnected successfully!";
}

void Widget::open_BLE()
{
    if( localDevice->hostMode() == QBluetoothLocalDevice::HostPoweredOff)//开机没有打开蓝牙
        {
           localDevice->powerOn();//调用打开本地的蓝牙设备
           discoveryAgent->start();//开始扫描蓝牙
           connect(discoveryAgent,
                  SIGNAL(deviceDiscovered(QBluetoothDeviceInfo)),
                  this,
                  SLOT(addBlueToothDevicesToList(QBluetoothDeviceInfo))
                  );
            ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("手机蓝牙已成功打开!");
        }
        else
        {
            qDebug() << "手机蓝牙已成功打开!";
             ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("手机蓝牙已成功打开!");
        }
}

void Widget::close_BLE()
{
    socket->close();
    ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("蓝牙已断开!");
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked()//模式一
{
    //ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
    ui->pushButton_2->setDisabled(1);
    ui->pushButton_7->setDisabled(1);
    socket->write("y");
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_2_clicked()//模式二
{
   model2_Init();
   ui->pushButton->setDisabled(1);
   ui->pushButton_3->setDisabled(1);
   if(socket->state() == QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState)
   {
       socket->write("r");
   }
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_4_clicked()//连接蓝牙
{
    discoveryAgent->stop();
    if(ui->comboBox->currentText().startsWith("BT04-A"))
    {
        //低功耗蓝牙连接方式
        /*QLowEnergyController *lowBtControl = QLowEnergyController::createCentral(remoteDeviceInfo);
        lowBtControl->connectToDevice();
        */
        //经典蓝牙连接方式
        qDebug() << "连接到的蓝牙是" << m[ui->comboBox->currentText()]<<ui->comboBox->currentText();
        socket->connectToService(m[ui->comboBox->currentText()],QBluetoothUuid(serviceUuid) ,QIODevice::ReadWrite);
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("The device is connneting.... ");
        if(socket->state() == QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState)
            ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("蓝牙连接成功！");
    }
    else
    {
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("没有找到目标蓝牙！");
    }
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_5_clicked()//断开连接
{
    close_BLE();
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_3_clicked()//模式一修改数字
{
    if(socket->write("v"))
    {
        QString str;
        str = ui->lineEdit_6->text();
        str.append('z');
        socket->write(str.toUtf8());
        ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("成功发送一条数据！v");
    }
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_7_clicked()
{
    if(socket->write("s"))//发送随机数
    {
        QString str = QString("%1").arg(sx);
        if(str.length() > 4)
            str = str.left(4);
        str.append('x');
        socket->write(str.toUtf8());
    }
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_8_clicked()//切换模式
{
    ui->pushButton->setEnabled(1);
    ui->pushButton_2->setEnabled(1);
    ui->pushButton_7->setEnabled(1);
    ui->pushButton_3->setEnabled(1);

    ui->plainTextEdit->setEnabled(1);
    ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
    ui->plainTextEdit->setDisabled(1);

    time->stop();
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_9_clicked()
{
    open_BLE();
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_6_clicked()
{
    this->close();
}

void Widget::scanFinished()
{
    ui->pushButton_4->setEnabled(1);
}

void Widget::timeProcess()
{
    sx = sx - div;
    QString str;
    str = QString("%1").arg(sx);
    qDebug()<<"sx is " + str<<endl;
    if(sx <= ff)
    {
        sx = ff;
        time->stop();
    }
    ui->plainTextEdit_2->setPlainText("成功发送一条数据！s"+str);
    str = QString("%1").arg(div);
    qDebug()<<"div is " + str<<endl;
    emit ui->pushButton_7->clicked(1);
}

void Widget::model2_Init()
{
    sx = ui->lineEdit_3->text().toUInt();
    t = ui->lineEdit_4->text().toUInt();
    div = (sx - ff)/(t*10);
}

void Widget::on_pushButton_10_clicked()
{
    if(ui->lineEdit->text().isEmpty() == false && ui->lineEdit_2->text().isEmpty() == false )
    {
        std::uniform_real_distribution<float> dist(ui->lineEdit->text().toUInt(), ui->lineEdit_2->text().toUInt());
        ff = dist(*QRandomGenerator::global());
        ui->lineEdit_5->setText(QString::number(ff));
        QString str = ui->lineEdit_5->text();
        if(str.length() > 4)
            str = str.left(4);
        ff = str.toFloat();
        ui->lineEdit_5->setText(QString::number(ff));
        if(ui->lineEdit_3->text().isEmpty() == false && ui->lineEdit_4->text().isEmpty() == false)
        {
            time->start(6000);
        }
    }

}

二、通过蓝牙模块控制stm32f103c8t6驱动VFD

蓝牙模块选择BT08B蓝牙串口模块兼容HC-06,只需连接四个引脚 VCC 、GND、TX、RX即可

下面为VFD模块驱动程序，采用带驱动芯片的模块，直流5V供电即可，stm32可直接驱动模块引出引脚

1、VFD_Drive.h

#ifndef _VFD_DRIVE_H
#define _VFD_DRIVE_H

#include "stm32f10x.h"

void VFD_GPIOInit(void);//GPIO初始化

void WriteCMD(u8 cmd);//写命令
void WriteDATA(u8 data);//写数据

void Clear(void);//清屏
void Cursor_home(void);//光标归位
/*
该指令选择在每次DDRAM或CGRAM访问后AC(游标位置)是递增还是递减，并确定在每次DDRAM写入后显示信息的移动方向。
该指令还在每次DDRAM写入后启用或禁用显示移位。
*/
void IncCursor(void);//光标递增（向右）
void DecCursor(void);//光标递减（向左）


void DisplayOFForON(u8 i,u8 j,u8 n);//光标显示还是不显示,i = 1显示i = 0不显示，并指定是否闪烁j = 1闪烁，j = 0闪烁,n=1开光标，n=0关光标
/*
该指令增加或减少AC(光标位置)，并将显示信息向左或向右移动一个字符的位置
*/
void CharLeft(void);//字符和光标左移
void CharRight(void);//字符和光标右移
void CursorLeft(void);//光标左移
void CursorRight(void);//光标右移


/*
设置并行口模式DL = 0为4位模式，DL = 1为8位模式
设置单行显示还是两行显示，N = 0，单行显示，N = 1两行显示
设置亮度BR = 0  100%亮度，BR = 1   75%亮度，BR = 2   50%亮度，BR = 3    25%亮度
*/
void FunSet(u8 DL,u8 N,u8 BR);//这里固定为两行显示，亮度100%，如需更改请查看手册重写函数

/*该指令将DB5-DB0指定的6位CGRAM地址放入AC(光标位置)。后续的数据写入(读取)将会指向(从)CGRAM。*/
u8 CGRAM_addrSet(u8 addr);//返回传入addr后的命令

/*该指令将DB6-DB0指定的7位DDRAM地址放入AC(光标位置)。后续的数据写入(读取)将从DDRAM写入(从DDRAM读取)。*/
u8 DDRAM_addrSet(u8 addr);//返回传入addr后的命令

/*该指令将DB7-DB0上的8位数据字节写入AC寻址的DDRAM或CGRAM位置。
最近的DDRAM或CGRAM地址集指令决定是写入DDRAM还是CGRAM。
该指令还根据输入模式