Knowledge Graph知识图谱—7. Labeled Property Graphs带标签的属性图

7. Labeled Property Graphs (LPG)

7.1 Verbosity of RDF Graphs

7.1.1 RDF Reification

将关系本身作为资源进行建模

7.1.2 RDF Named Graphs

Named Graphs（命名图）是一种在图数据模型中用于组织和标识图数据的方法。它允许在一个大的图中将数据分为不同的图形组件，每个组件都有一个唯一的标识符，通常称为图名或图标签。Named Graphs 主要用于在图数据库和语义网中进行数据建模和查询。

RDF seems particularly bad at representing non-triple information
Choice:
(1) Blow up RDF graph (like DBpedia)
(2) Use non-straightforward representation: Reification or Named Graphs
(3) Other approaches in academia (singleton property, NDFluents, …): Not very handy either and Little adoption
In any case: Querying gets harder

Motivation for labeled property graphs
Modeling would be much easier if we could simply attach information to edges
Attempt in the Semantic Web Technologies Toolstack: RDF* / SPARQL*

7.2 RDF*

	RDF	RDF*
Subject	URIs or blank nodes	URIs, blank nodes, or quoted statements
Predicate	URIs	URIs
Object	URIs, blank nodes, literals	URIs, blank nodes, literals, or quoted statements

Quoting triples Example

<<dbr:Dirk_Nowitzki dbo:team dbr:DJK_Wuerzburg>>
dbo:activeYearsStartYear 1994 ;
dbo:activeYearsEndYear 1998 .

The subject of the statement is a triple.

7.2.1 Nesting in RDF*

RDF* statements can be subjects an