Python设计模式--策略模式

from collections import namedtuple


def reducer(arg1, arg2, strategy=None):
    if strategy == "addition":
        return arg1 + arg2
    elif strategy == "subtraction":
        return arg1 - arg2
    else:
        return "Strategy not implemented"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(reducer(4, 6))
    print(reducer(4, 6, "addition"))
    print(reducer(4, 6, "subtraction"))


# 防止if语句的无序蔓延和引发代码布局恶化的风险，使用策略模式
def executor(arg1, arg2, func=None):
    if func is None:
        return "Strategy not implemented"
    return func(arg1, arg2)


def strategy_addition(arg1, arg2):
    return arg1 + arg2


def strategy_subtraction(arg1, arg2):
    return arg1 - arg2


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(executor(4, 6))
    print(executor(4, 6, strategy_addition))
    print(executor(4, 6, strategy_subtraction))


# 　Order 类和使用函数实现的折扣策略
Customer = namedtuple('Customer', 'name fidelity')
promos = []


def promotion(promo_func):
    promos.append(promo_func)
    return promo_func


class LineItem:
    def __init__(self, product, quantity, price):
        self.product = product
        self.quantity = quantity
        self.price = price

    def total(self):
        return self.price * self.quantity


class Order:  # 上下文
    def __init__(self, customer, cart, promotion=None):
        self.customer = customer
        self.cart = list(cart)
        self.promotion = promotion

    def total(self):
        if not hasattr(self, '__total'):
            self.__total = sum(item.total() for item in self.cart)
        return self.__total

    def due(self):
        if self.promotion is None:
            discount = 0
        else:
            discount = self.promotion(self)
        return self.total() - discount

    def __repr__(self):
        fmt = '<Order total: {:.2f} due: {:.2f}>'
        return fmt.format(self.total(), self.due())


@promotion
def fidelity_promo(order):
    """为积分为1000或以上的顾客提供5%折扣"""
    return order.total() * .05 if order.customer.fidelity >= 1000 else 0


@promotion
def bulk_item_promo(order):
    """单个商品为20个或以上时提供10%折扣"""
    discount = 0
    for item in order.cart:
        if item.quantity >= 20:
            discount += item.total() * .1
    return discount


@promotion
def large_order_promo(order):
    """订单中的不同商品达到10个或以上时提供7%折扣"""
    distinct_items = {item.product for item in order.cart}
    if len(distinct_items) >= 10:
        return order.total() * .07
    return 0


def best_promo(order): 
    """选择可用的最佳折扣"""
    return max(promo(order) for promo in promos)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    joe = Customer('John Doe', 0)
    ann = Customer('Ann Smith', 1100)
    cart = [LineItem('banana', 4, .5),
            LineItem('apple', 10, 1.5),
            LineItem('watermellon', 5, 5.0)]
    Order(joe, cart, fidelity_promo)  # <Order total: 42.00 due: 42.00>
    Order(ann, cart, fidelity_promo)  # <Order total: 42.00 due: 39.90>

    banana_cart = [LineItem('banana', 30, .5),
                   LineItem('apple', 10, 1.5)]
    Order(joe, banana_cart, bulk_item_promo)  # <Order total: 30.00 due: 28.50>
    long_order = [LineItem(str(item_code), 1, 1.0) for item_code in range(10)]
    Order(joe, long_order, large_order_promo)  # <Order total: 10.00 due: 9.30>
    Order(joe, cart, large_order_promo)  # <Order total: 42.00 due: 42.00>