pytorch网络和参数的操作

这篇文章介绍pytorch网络和参数的操作
打印网络，直接print(net)就完事了
官方代码：创建网络的时候一个细节,x=torch.flatten(x,1),从第一个维度后拉平，第0个维度是batch不管

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F


class Net(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        # 1 input image channel, 6 output channels, 5x5 square convolution
        # kernel
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 6, 5)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(6, 16, 5)
        # an affine operation: y = Wx + b
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(16 * 5 * 5, 120)  # 5*5 from image dimension
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(120, 84)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(84, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        # Max pooling over a (2, 2) window
        x = F.max_pool2d(F.relu(self.conv1(x)), (2, 2))
        # If the size is a square, you can specify with a single number
        x = F.max_pool2d(F.relu(self.conv2(x)), 2)
        x = torch.flatten(x, 1) # flatten all dimensions except the batch dimension
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = F.relu(self.fc2(x))
        x = self.fc3(x)
        return x


net = Net()
print(net)

输出

Net(
  (conv1): Conv2d(1, 6, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
  (conv2): Conv2d(6, 16, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
  (fc1): Linear(in_features=400, out_features=120, bias=True)
  (fc2): Linear(in_features=120, out_features=84, bias=True)
  (fc3): Linear(in_features=84, out_features=10, bias=True)
)

网络的可学习参数用net.parameter()查看，包括每一层的权重和偏置

params = list(net.parameters())
print(len(params))
print(params[0].size())  # conv1's .weight

输出

10
torch.Size([6, 1, 5, 5])

第一点，用tensor.require_grad=false冻结网络中的参数，实现网络微调

官方代码

from torch import nn, optim

model = torchvision.models.resnet18(pretrained=True)

# Freeze all the parameters in the network
for param in model.parameters():
    param.requires_grad = False

把网络最后一层换掉，默认是不冻结，这样除了最后一层不冻结，前面的层都冻结了

model.fc = nn.Linear(512,10)

另一种方式，torch.no_grad()和require_grad=False是一样的效果

用torch.no_grad（），不计算梯度，即使输入的张量require_grad=True，后面的张量require_grad也是False
官方代码：

>>> x = torch.tensor([1], requires_grad=True)
>>> with torch.no_grad():
...   y = x * 2
>>> y.requires_grad
False
>>> @torch.no_grad()
... def doubler(x):
...     return x * 2
>>> z = doubler(x)
>>> z.requires_grad
False