决策树算法（鸢花草）

# encoding: utf-8
from sklearn import datasets
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier,export_graphviz
import graphviz

#获取数据
iris = datasets.load_iris() # 加载 iris 数据集
iris_feature = iris.data # 特征数据
iris_target = iris.target # 分类数据
iris_target

array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
       0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
       0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
       1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
       1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
       2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
       2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2])

#划分数据
feature_train, feature_test, target_train, target_test = train_test_split(iris_feature, iris_target, test_size=0.37, random_state=42)
target_train

array([0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1,
       0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 2,
       0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0,
       1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2,
       0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2])

#构建模型
dt_model = DecisionTreeClassifier() # 所以参数均置为默认状态
dt_model.fit(feature_train,target_train) # 使用训练集训练模型
predict_results = dt_model.predict(feature_test) # 使用模型对测试集进行预测

#模型评估
print('predict_results:', predict_results)
print('target_test:', target_test)

predict_results: [1 0 2 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 0 2 0 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 1
 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 0 2 1]
target_test: [1 0 2 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 0 2 0 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 1
 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 0 2 1]

scores = dt_model.score(feature_test, target_test)
scores

0.9821428571428571

#画图
image = export_graphviz(
    dt_model,
    feature_names=iris.feature_names,
    class_names=iris.target_names,
    filled=True,
    node_ids=True,
    rounded=True
)
graphviz.Source(image)

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-0dPF3ICO-1591021436418)(output_6_0.svg)]