友元的使用

友元的目的是让一个函数或类 访问另一个类中的私有成员

友元关键词为 friend

三种实现：

1、全局函数作友元

class building
{
	friend void goodfriend(building* building);//加入前缀friend，使该全局函数可以访问building中的私有属性
public:
	building()
	{
		sittingroom = "客厅";
		bedroom = "卧室";
	}
public:
	string sittingroom;
private:
	string bedroom;

};

//全局函数
void goodfriend(building* building)
{
	cout << "全局函数正在访问" << building->sittingroom << endl;
	cout << "全局函数正在访问" << building->bedroom << endl;//访问私有属性
}

void test1() {
	building building;
	goodfriend(&building);

}

int main() {//主函数返回值为整型
	test1();
	system("pause");//暂停系统命令
	return 0;//退出程序
}

2、类作友元

class Building;
class goodGay
{
public:

	goodGay();
	void visit();

private:
	Building* building;
};


class Building
{
	//告诉编译器 goodGay类是Building类的好朋友，可以访问到Building类中私有内容
	friend class goodGay;

public:
	Building();

public:
	string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
	string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};

Building::Building()
{
	this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
	this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}

goodGay::goodGay()
{
	building = new Building;
}

void goodGay::visit()
{
	cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
	cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}

void test01()
{
	goodGay gg;
	gg.visit();

}

int main() {

	test01();

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

3、成员函数作友元

class Building;
class goodfriend
{
public:
	goodfriend();
	void visit();//让visit函数可以访问Building中的私有成员
	void visit2();//正常不能访问Building中的私有成员

	Building* building;//创建一个指向Building类对象的指针，指针的名字叫building
	//由于这里Building是前置声明，因此没有实现不能用对象进行指向，因此只能用指针
};


class Building
{
	//利用友元使goodfriend下的visit函数可以访问Building中的私有属性
	friend void goodfriend::visit();
public:
	Building();
public:
	string sittingroom;
private:
	string bedroom;
};

Building::Building()
{
	sittingroom = "客厅";
	bedroom = "卧室";
}

goodfriend::goodfriend()
{
	building = new Building;
}

void goodfriend::visit()//可以访问私有属性
{
	cout << building->sittingroom << endl;
	cout << building->bedroom << endl;
}

void goodfriend::visit2()//不可访问私有属性
{
	//cout << building->bedroom << endl;
}

void test1()
{
	goodfriend gg;
	gg.visit();
	gg.visit2();
}
int main() {
	test1();

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}