2022-- java发送http请求

java发送http请求

会用到的包：

		<dependency>
            <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
        </dependency>

一，表单方式

主请求：

 public static String getToken() throws Exception {
        NameValuePair[] data = {
                new NameValuePair("key", "value"),
                new NameValuePair("key", "value"),
                new NameValuePair("key", "value")};
        String access_token = HttpClient.sendByForm(
                "请求地址", data);
        System.out.println(access_token+"------getToken----------------");
        return access_token;
    }

工具类：

/**
     * @param url  请求地址
     * @param data 请求参数（表单）
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sendByForm(String url, NameValuePair[] data) throws Exception {
        try {
            PostMethod postMethod = null;
            postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
            postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");
            //参数设置，需要注意的就是里边不能传NULL，要传空字符串
            postMethod.setRequestBody(data);
            //声明
            ProtocolSocketFactory fcty = new MySecureProtocolSocketFactory();
            //加入相关的https请求方式
            Protocol.registerProtocol("https", new Protocol("https", fcty, 443));

            org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient httpClient = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient();
            int response = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); // 执行POST方法
            RequestEntity requestEntity = postMethod.getRequestEntity();

            String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();

            JSONObject jsonObject1 = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
            String access_token = String.valueOf(jsonObject1.get("access_token"));
            System.out.println(access_token + "-----------access_token-------------");
            InputStream in = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream();
            //下面将stream转换为String
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(in, "UTF-8");
            char[] b = new char[4096];
            for (int n; (n = isr.read(b)) != -1; ) {
                sb.append(new String(b, 0, n));
            }
            String returnStr = sb.toString();
            return access_token;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("请求异常" + e.getMessage() + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw  e;
        }finally {
        }
    }

二，json方式

注意： 确认请求是否有ssl（http/https）
如果是http请求，用HttpURLConnection，忽略ssl代码可去掉
如果是https请求，用HttpsURLConnection，忽略ssl代码加上

  /**
     * 发送https请求
     *
     * @param requestUrl    请求地址
     * @param requestMethod 请求方式（GET、POST）
     * @param map           提交的数据
     * @return
     */
    public static String httpsRequest2(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, Map<String, Object> map,String env) {
        try {
            // 创建SSLContext对象，并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
            TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager()};
            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
            sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
            // 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
            SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
            URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
            //如果是http请求，用HttpURLConnection
            HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setUseCaches(false);
            // 设置请求方式（GET/POST）
            conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
            //接口需要token加入头
            //String Authorization="";
            //Authorization="Bearer " +HttpClient.getToken();
            conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", Authorization);
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");

            // 当outputStr不为null时向输出流写数据
            OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");

            //body参数在这里put到JSONObject中

            JSONObject parm = new JSONObject();
            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                parm.put(key, map.get(key));
            }
            System.out.println(parm.toString() + "parm.toString()");
            writer.write(parm.toString());
            writer.flush();
            // 从输入流读取返回内容
            System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
            System.out.println(conn.getResponseMessage());
            InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
                    inputStream, "utf-8");
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                    inputStreamReader);
            String str = null;
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                buffer.append(str);
            }
            // 释放资源
            bufferedReader.close();
            inputStreamReader.close();
            inputStream.close();
            inputStream = null;
            conn.disconnect();
            return buffer.toString();
        } catch (ConnectException ce) {
            ce.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

跳过ssl验证工具类：

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

/**
 * @author xdx
 * @Name MyX509TrustManager
 * @Description ssl跳过验证
 * @Date 2021/08/11
 * @Created by Wiwi Wei
 * 信任管理器
 */
public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

    // 检查客户端证书
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
    }

    // 检查服务器端证书
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
    }

    // 返回受信任的X509证书数组
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        return null;
    }
}