RYU控制器REST API的使用

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-19 16:16:45 发布

White&seven

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-19 16:16:45 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45236003/article/details/129756509

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1：准备工作

首先运行ryu控制器

ryu-manager --verbose simple_switch_13.py ofctl_rest.py rest_topology.py

运行mininet拓扑

sudo mn --controller remote --topo tree,depth=2

2：REST API的使用

API使用方法：

# REST API
#
# Retrieve the switch stats
#
# get the list of all switches
# GET /stats/switches
#
# get the desc stats of the switch
# GET /stats/desc/
#
# get flows stats of the switch
# GET /stats/flow/
#
# get flows stats of the switch filtered by the fields
# POST /stats/flow/
#
# get aggregate flows stats of the switch
# GET /stats/aggregateflow/
#
# get aggregate flows stats of the switch filtered by the fields
# POST /stats/aggregateflow/
#
# get ports stats of the switch
# GET /stats/port/

（1）查看拓扑结构

url：http://localhost :8080/v1.0/topology/links

不过只能显示交换机之间的链路信息，无法显示主机的链路信息。

（2）查看拓扑中的交换机

url：http://localhost :8080/stats/switches

（3）查看交换机1的流表信息

url：http://localhost:8080/stats/flow/1

（4）查看交换机1的状态描述

url：http://localhost:8080/stats/desc/1

（5）查看交换机1的流量统计信息

url：http://localhost:8080/stats/aggregateflow/1

（6）查看交换机1的端口统计信息

url：http://localhost:8080/stats/port/1

3：调用代码

import urllib2
import json
 
def get_all_switches():
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1.0/topology/switches"
    req = urllib2.Request(url)
    res_data = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    res = res_data.read()
    res = json.loads(res)
    return res
 
def get_all_links():
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1.0/topology/links"
    req = urllib2.Request(url)
    res_data = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    res = res_data.read()
    res = json.loads(res)
    return res
def get_switch(dpid):
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1.0/topology/switches/" + dpid
    req = urllib2.Request(url)
    res_data = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    res = res_data.read()
    res = json.loads(res)
    return res
 
def get_flow_entries(dpid):
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flow/" + dpid
    req = urllib2.Request(url)
    res_data = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    res = res_data.read()
    res = json.loads(res)
    return res
 
def add_flow_entry(dpid,match,priority,actions):
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add"
    post_data = "{'dpid':%s,'match':%s,'priority':%s,'actions':%s}" % (dpid,str(match),priority,str(actions))
    req = urllib2.Request(url,post_data)
    res = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    return res.getcode()
 
def delete_flow_entry(dpid, match=None, priority=None, actions=None):
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/delete"
    post_data = "{'dpid':%s" % dpid
    if match is not None:
        post_data += ",'match':%s" % str(match)
    if priority is not None:
        post_data += ",'priority':%s" % priority
    if actions is not None:
        post_data += ",'actions':%s" % str(actions)
    post_data += "}"
 
    req = urllib2.Request(url,post_data)
    res = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    return res.getcode()

函数说明：
 
#get_all_switches()
参数：无
返回结果：一个包含所有交换机信息的列表
结果示例：
[{"ports": [{"hw_addr": "12:ad:47:17:6d:1d", "name": "s1-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}, {"hw_addr": "62:bf:89:79:68:67", "name": "s1-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}], "dpid": "0000000000000001"}, {"ports": [{"hw_addr": "da:d7:cb:f8:a4:7f", "name": "s2-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}, {"hw_addr": "ce:31:74:a1:c1:2d", "name": "s2-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}], "dpid": "0000000000000002"}, {"ports": [{"hw_addr": "ea:c5:e8:ee:72:f7", "name": "s3-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000003"}, {"hw_addr": "da:57:80:b2:74:67", "name": "s3-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000003"}], "dpid": "0000000000000003"}]
#get_all_links()
参数：无
返回结果：一个包含所有链路信息的列表
结果示例：
[{"src": {"hw_addr": "12:ad:47:17:6d:1d", "name": "s1-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}, "dst": {"hw_addr": "da:d7:cb:f8:a4:7f", "name": "s2-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}}, {"src": {"hw_addr": "ea:c5:e8:ee:72:f7", "name": "s3-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000003"}, "dst": {"hw_addr": "ce:31:74:a1:c1:2d", "name": "s2-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}}, {"src": {"hw_addr": "da:d7:cb:f8:a4:7f", "name": "s2-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}, "dst": {"hw_addr": "12:ad:47:17:6d:1d", "name": "s1-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}}, {"src": {"hw_addr": "ce:31:74:a1:c1:2d", "name": "s2-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000002"}, "dst": {"hw_addr": "ea:c5:e8:ee:72:f7", "name": "s3-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000003"}}]
#get_switch(dpid)
参数：dpid为字符串，比如"0000000000000001"
返回结果：一个包含dpid对应的交换机的信息的列表
结果示例：
[{"ports": [{"hw_addr": "12:ad:47:17:6d:1d", "name": "s1-eth1", "port_no": "00000001", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}, {"hw_addr": "62:bf:89:79:68:67", "name": "s1-eth2", "port_no": "00000002", "dpid": "0000000000000001"}], "dpid": "0000000000000001"}]
#get_flow_entries(dpid)
参数：dpid为字符串，比如"0000000000000001"
返回结果：一个包含流表项的字典
结果示例：
{"1": [{"actions": ["OUTPUT:65533"], "idle_timeout": 0, "cookie": 0, "packet_count": 2252, "hard_timeout": 0, "byte_count": 114852, "duration_nsec": 370000000, "priority": 65535, "duration_sec": 2026, "table_id": 0, "match": {"dl_type": 35020, "nw_dst": "0.0.0.0", "dl_vlan_pcp": 0, "dl_src": "00:00:00:00:00:00", "nw_tos": 0, "tp_src": 0, "dl_vlan": 0, "nw_src": "0.0.0.0", "nw_proto": 0, "tp_dst": 0, "dl_dst": "01:80:c2:00:00:0e", "in_port": 0}}, {"actions": ["OUTPUT:2"], "idle_timeout": 0, "cookie": 0, "packet_count": 0, "hard_timeout": 0, "byte_count": 0, "duration_nsec": 864000000, "priority": 1111, "duration_sec": 104, "table_id": 0, "match": {"dl_type": 0, "nw_dst": "0.0.0.0", "dl_vlan_pcp": 0, "dl_src": "00:00:00:00:00:00", "nw_tos": 0, "tp_src": 0, "dl_vlan": 0, "nw_src": "0.0.0.0", "nw_proto": 0, "tp_dst": 0, "dl_dst": "00:00:00:00:00:00", "in_port": 1}}]}
其中开头的“1”表示dpid号
#add_flow_entry(dpid,match,priority,actions)
参数：
dpid为字符串，比如"0000000000000001"
match为字典，比如match = {"in_port":00000001}，其他键的名称见《ryu Documentation》P161的Flow Match Structure
priority为字符串，比如"1111" 
actions为列表，比如actions = [{"type":"OUTPUT","port":00000002}]，其他元素名称见《ryu Documentation》P282的actions
返回结果：整数，HTTP状态码,200表示添加流表项成功
结果示例：200,403,404
#delete_flow_entry(dpid,match,priority,actions)
参数：
dpid为字符串，比如"0000000000000001"
match为字典，比如match = {"in_port":00000001}，其他键的名称见《ryu Documentation》P161的Flow Match Structure
priority为字符串，比如"1111" 
actions为列表，比如actions = [{"type":"OUTPUT","port":00000002}]，其他元素名称见《ryu Documentation》P282的actions
返回结果：整数，HTTP状态码，200表示删除流表项成功
结果示例：200,403,404

4.使用浏览器插件操作REST API

推荐使用chrome的插件POSTMAN和Firefox的RESTClient（HttpRequester已停用）来操作RESTAPI，取代终端的curl命令。在插件中输入相应内容就可以下发请求信息。如:

请求dpid为1的交换机上的流表信息：

http://localhost:8080/stats/flow/1

选择动作为GET，点击send，可以获得交换机1上的流表信息。

查看经过美化的JSON流表信息：

- 对流表进行修改
使用POST动作类型，下发一个flow_mod消息，对现有流表进行操作。输入URI如下：

POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add

或者

POST http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/modify

然后在mininet里 pingall 查看h1和h2是否能ping通。

White&seven

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RYU控制器REST API的使用

推荐使用chrome的插件POSTMAN和Firefox的RESTClient（HttpRequester已停用）来操作RESTAPI，取代终端的curl命令。使用POST动作类型，下发一个flow_mod消息，对现有流表进行操作。选择动作为GET，点击send，可以获得交换机1上的流表信息。不过只能显示交换机之间的链路信息，无法显示主机的链路信息。（5）查看交换机1的流量统计信息。（4）查看交换机1的状态描述。（3）查看交换机1的流表信息。（2）查看拓扑中的交换机。（6）查看交换机1的端口统计信息。
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