注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与测试

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 11:26:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-27 11:26:15 发布

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分类专栏： springCloud 文章标签：算法数据结构 java

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注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与预测

注册中心zookeeper与consul

注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与预测
一、注册中心Zookeeper
- 1. 服务提供者
- 2. 服务的消费者
二、注册中心Consul
三、Eureka，Zookeeper和Consul三者的异同点

一、注册中心Zookeeper

zookeeper是一个分布式协调工具，可以实现注册中心功能

关闭Linux服务器防火墙后，启动zookeeper服务器

用到的Linux命令行：

systemctl stop firewalld关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld查看防火墙状态
ipconfig查看IP地址
ping查验结果

zookeeper服务器取代Eureka服务器，zk作为服务注册中心

1. 服务提供者

新建名为cloud-provider-payment8004的Maven工程。
2.POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>LearnCloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8004</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合zookeeper客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
            <!--先排除自带的zookeeper3.5.3 防止与3.4.9起冲突-->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加zookeeper3.4.9版本-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

#8004表示注册到zookeeper服务器的支付服务提供者端口号
server:
  port: 8004

#服务别名----注册zookeeper到注册中心名称
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-payment
  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: 127.0.0.1:2181 # 192.168.111.144:2181 #

主启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient//该注解用于向使用consul或者zookeeper作为注册中心时注册服务
public class PaymentMain8004 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8004.class, args);
    }
}

Controller

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/payment/zk")
    public String paymentzk()
    {
        return "springcloud with zookeeper: "+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

启动8004注册进zookeeper（要先启动zookeeper的server）
验证测试：浏览器 - http://localhost:8004/payment/zk
验证测试2 ：接着用zookeeper客户端操作

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[services, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /services/cloud-provider-payment
[a4567f50-6ad9-47a3-9fbb-7391f41a9f3d]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] get /services/cloud-provider-payment/a4567f50-6ad9-47a3-9fbb-7391f41a9f3d
{"name":"cloud-provider-payment","id":"a4567f50-6ad9-47a3-9fbb-7391f41a9f3d","address":"192.168.199.218","port":8004,"ss
lPort":null,"payload":{"@class":"org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance","id":"application-1","
name":"cloud-provider-payment","metadata":{}},"registrationTimeUTC":1612811116918,"serviceType":"DYNAMIC","uriSpec":{"pa
rts":[{"value":"scheme","variable":true},{"value":"://","variable":false},{"value":"address","variable":true},{"value":"
:","variable":false},{"value":"port","variable":true}]}}
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3]

json格式化get /services/cloud-provider-payment/a4567f50-6ad9-47a3-9fbb-7391f41a9f3d的结果：

{
    "name": "cloud-provider-payment", 
    "id": "a4567f50-6ad9-47a3-9fbb-7391f41a9f3d", 
    "address": "192.168.199.218", 
    "port": 8004, 
    "sslPort": null, 
    "payload": {
        "@class": "org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance", 
        "id": "application-1", 
        "name": "cloud-provider-payment", 
        "metadata": { }
    }, 
    "registrationTimeUTC": 1612811116918, 
    "serviceType": "DYNAMIC", 
    "uriSpec": {
        "parts": [
            {
                "value": "scheme", 
                "variable": true
            }, 
            {
                "value": "://", 
                "variable": false
            }, 
            {
                "value": "address", 
                "variable": true
            }, 
            {
                "value": ":", 
                "variable": false
            }, 
            {
                "value": "port", 
                "variable": true
            }
        ]
    }
}

ZooKeeper的服务节点是临时节点，没有Eureka那含情脉脉

2. 服务的消费者

新建cloud-consumerzk-order80
POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>LearnCloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumerzk-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合zookeeper客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
            <!--先排除自带的zookeeper-->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加zookeeper3.4.9版本-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

server:
  port: 80

#服务别名----注册zookeeper到注册中心名称
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order
  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: 127.0.0.1:2181 # 192.168.111.144:2181 #

主启动

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderZKMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderZKMain80.class, args);
    }
}

业务类

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderZKController
{
    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/zk")
    public String paymentInfo()
    {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL+"/payment/zk",String.class);
        return result;
    }
}

验证测试
运行ZooKeeper服务端，cloud-consumerzk-order80，cloud-provider-payment8004。
打开ZooKeeper客户端：

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[services, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /services
[cloud-consumer-order, cloud-provider-payment]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2]

访问测试地址 - http://localhost/consumer/payment/zk

二、注册中心Consul

1. Consul简介

Conusl官网
 Consul下载地址

Consul is a service mesh solution providing a full featured control plane with service discovery, configuration, and segmentation functionality. Each of these features can be used individually as needed, or they can be used together to build a full service mesh. Consul requires a data plane and supports both a proxy and native integration model. Consul ships with a simple built-in proxy so that everything works out of the box, but also supports 3rd party proxy integrations such as Envoy. link
Consul是一个服务网格解决方案，它提供了一个功能齐全的控制平面，具有服务发现、配置和分段功能。这些特性中的每一个都可以根据需要单独使用，也可以一起用于构建全服务网格。Consul需要一个数据平面，并支持代理和本机集成模型。Consul船与一个简单的内置代理，使一切工作的开箱即用，但也支持第三方代理集成，如Envoy。
consul
英 [ˈkɒnsl] 美 [ˈkɑːnsl]
n. 领事

Consul是一套开源的分布式服务发现和配置管理系统，由HashiCorp 公司用Go语言开发。

提供了微服务系统中的服务治理、配置中心、控制总线等功能。这些功能中的每一个都可以根据需要单独使用，也可以一起使用以构建全方位的服务网格，总之Consul提供了一种完整的服务网格解决方案。

它具有很多优点。包括：基于raft协议，比较简洁；支持健康检查，同时支持HTTP和DNS协议支持跨数据中心的WAN集群提供图形界面跨平台，支持Linux、Mac、Windows。
能干嘛？

服务发现 - 提供HTTP和DNS两种发现方式。
健康监测 - 支持多种方式，HTTP、TCP、Docker、Shell脚本定制化
KV存储 - Key、Value的存储方式
多数据中心 - Consul支持多数据中心
可视化Web界面

怎么玩

2. 安装并运行Consul

官方安装说明
windows版解压缩后，得consul.exe，打开cmd

查看版本consul -v：

D:\Consul>consul -v
Consul v1.9.3
Revision f55da9306
Protocol 2 spoken by default, understands 2 to 3 (agent will automatically use protocol >2 when speaking to compatible agents)

开发模式启动consul agent -dev：
浏览器输入 - http://localhost:8500/ - 打开Consul控制页。

3. 服务提供者注册进Consul

新建Module支付服务provider8006
POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>LearnCloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

###consul服务端口号
server:
  port: 8006

spring:
  application:
    name: consul-provider-payment
####consul注册中心地址
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        #hostname: 127.0.0.1
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

主启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class, args);
    }
}

业务类Controller

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/payment/consul")
    public String paymentConsul()
    {
        return "springcloud with consul: "+serverPort+"\t   "+ UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

验证测试
http://localhost:8006/payment/consul
http://localhost:8500 - 会显示provider8006

4. 服务消费者注册进Consul

新建Module消费服务order80 - cloud-consumerconsul-order80
POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>LearnCloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lun.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order80</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

###consul服务端口号
server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order
####consul注册中心地址
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        #hostname: 127.0.0.1
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

主启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //该注解用于向使用consul或者zookeeper作为注册中心时注册服务
public class OrderConsulMain80
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class, args);
    }
}

配置Bean

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 */
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController
{
    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String paymentInfo()
    {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL+"/payment/consul",String.class);
        return result;
    }
}

验证测试
运行consul，cloud-providerconsul-payment8006，cloud-consumerconsul-order80
http://localhost:8500/ 主页会显示出consul，cloud-providerconsul-payment8006，cloud-consumerconsul-order80三服务。
访问测试地址 - http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul

三、Eureka，Zookeeper和Consul三者的异同点

组件名	语言CAP	服务健康检查	对外暴露接口	Spring Cloud集成
Eureka	Java	AP	可配支持	HTTP

Consul	Go	CP	支持	HTTP/DNS
Zookeeper	Java	CP	支持客户端	已集成

CAP：

C：Consistency (强一致性)
A：Availability (可用性)
P：Partition tolerance （分区容错性)

最多只能同时较好的满足两个。
CAP理论的核心是：一个分布式系统不可能同时很好的满足一致性，可用性和分区容错性这三个需求。
因此，根据CAP原理将NoSQL数据库分成了满足CA原则、满足CP原则和满足AP原则三大类:

CA - 单点集群，满足—致性，可用性的系统，通常在可扩展性上不太强大。
CP - 满足一致性，分区容忍必的系统，通常性能不是特别高。
AP - 满足可用性，分区容忍性的系统，通常可能对一致性要求低一些。

AP架构（Eureka）
当网络分区出现后，为了保证可用性，系统B可以返回旧值，保证系统的可用性。
结论：违背了一致性C的要求，只满足可用性和分区容错，即AP
在这里插入图片描述
CP架构（ZooKeeper/Consul）

当网络分区出现后，为了保证一致性，就必须拒接请求，否则无法保证一致性。

结论：违背了可用性A的要求，只满足一致性和分区容错，即CP。
在这里插入图片描述
CP 与 AP 对立同一的矛盾关系。

mobº

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注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与测试

注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与预测注册中心zookeeper与consul注册中心zookeeper与consul应用与预测一、注册中心Zookeeper1. 服务提供者2. 服务的消费者二、注册中心Consul1. Consul简介2. 安装并运行Consul3. 服务提供者注册进Consul4. 服务消费者注册进Consul三、Eureka，Zookeeper和Consul三者的异同点一、注册中心Zookeeperzookeeper是一个分布式协调工具，可以实现注册中心功能
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