sorted()_python_有趣的模块_6

python sorted()

返回可遍历对象的有序形式

语法

sorted(iterable, key=None, reverse)

参数

iterable: 队列，集合等可迭代对象
reverse：True, 降序；默认False升序
key：排序的key

Example1 , 对string，list, tuple排序

# vowels list
py_list = ['e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i']
print(sorted(py_list))

# string
py_string = 'Python'
print(sorted(py_string))

# vowels tuple
py_tuple = ('e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i')
print(sorted(py_tuple))

['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']
['P', 'h', 'n', 'o', 't', 'y']
['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']

Example2 , 降序

# set
py_set = {'e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i'}
print(sorted(py_set, reverse=True))

# dictionary
py_dict = {'e': 1, 'a': 2, 'u': 3, 'o': 4, 'i': 5}
print(sorted(py_dict, reverse=True))

# frozen set(不可以改变的集合)
frozen_set = frozenset(('e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i'))
print(sorted(frozen_set, reverse=True))

['u', 'o', 'i', 'e', 'a']
['u', 'o', 'i', 'e', 'a']
['u', 'o', 'i', 'e', 'a']

Example3 , key参数

# take the second element for sort
def take_second(elem):
    return elem[1]


# random list
random = [(2, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (1, 3)]

# sort list with key
sorted_list = sorted(random, key=take_second)

# print list
print('Sorted list:', sorted_list)

Sorted list: [(4, 1), (2, 2), (1, 3), (3, 4)]

# Nested list of student's info in a Science Olympiad
# List elements: (Student's Name, Marks out of 100 , Age)
participant_list = [
    ('Alison', 50, 18),
    ('Terence', 75, 12),
    ('David', 75, 20),
    ('Jimmy', 90, 22),
    ('John', 45, 12)
]


def sorter(item):
    # Since highest marks first, least error = most marks
    error = 100 - item[1]
    age = item[2]
    return (error, age)


sorted_list = sorted(participant_list, key=sorter)
print(sorted_list)

('Jimmy', 90, 22), ('Terence', 75, 12), ('David', 75, 20), ('Alison', 50, 18), ('John', 45, 12)]