Hadoop框架之——Mapreduce的Partition分区

1、问题引出

要求将统计结果按照条件输出到不同文件中(分区)。比如:将统计结果按照手机归属地不同省份输出到不同文件中(分区)

2、默认Patitioner分区

public class HashPartitioner<K, V> extends Partitioner<K, V> {

	public int getPartition(K key, W value, int numReduceTasks){

		return (key.hashCode() 6. Integer .MAX_ VALUE) 8 numReduceTasks;
	}

}

默认分区是根据key的hashCode对Reduce Tasks个数取模得到的。用户没法控制哪个key存储到哪个分区。

3. 自定义分区步骤

(1)自定义类继承Partitioner, 重写getParition()方法

public class CustomP artiti oner extends P arti ti oner<Text, Fl owBean> (

	0verride
	public int getPartition(Text key, FlowBean value, int. numPartitions){
		//逻辑代码控制
		return parti tion;
	}

)

(2)在Job驱动中，设置自定义Patitioner

job. setPartitionerC1ass( CustomPartitioner class);

(3)自定义Partition后，要根据自定义Partitioner的逻辑设置相应数量的

ReduceTaskjob. setNTumReduceTasks(5),

4.需求

（1）将统计结果按照手机归属地不同省份输出到不同文件中（分区）

数据：

1	13736230513	192.196.100.1	www.atguigu.com	2481	24681	200
2	13846544121	192.196.100.2			264	0	200
3 	13956435636	192.196.100.3			132	1512	200
4 	13966251146	192.168.100.1			240	0	404
5 	18271575951	192.168.100.2	www.atguigu.com	1527	2106	200
6 	84188413	192.168.100.3	www.atguigu.com	4116	1432	200
7 	13590439668	192.168.100.4			1116	954	200
8 	15910133277	192.168.100.5	www.hao123.com	3156	2936	200
9 	13729199489	192.168.100.6			240	0	200
10 	13630577991	192.168.100.7	www.shouhu.com	6960	690	200
11 	15043685818	192.168.100.8	www.baidu.com	3659	3538	200
12 	15959002129	192.168.100.9	www.atguigu.com	1938	180	500
13 	13560439638	192.168.100.10			918	4938	200
14 	13470253144	192.168.100.11			180	180	200
15 	13682846555	192.168.100.12	www.qq.com	1938	2910	200
16 	13992314666	192.168.100.13	www.gaga.com	3008	3720	200
17 	13509468723	192.168.100.14	www.qinghua.com	7335	110349	404
18 	18390173782	192.168.100.15	www.sogou.com	9531	2412	200
19 	13975057813	192.168.100.16	www.baidu.com	11058	48243	200
20 	13768778790	192.168.100.17			120	120	200
21 	13568436656	192.168.100.18	www.alibaba.com	2481	24681	200
22 	13568436656	192.168.100.19			1116	954	200

（2）期望输出数据
手机号136、137、138、139开头都分别放到一个独立的4个文件中，其他开头的放到一个文件中。

编写bean类

ublic class FlowBean implements Writable {

    private long upFlow;  //上行流量
    private long downFlow; //下行流量
    private long sumFlow; //总流量

    //TODO 反序列化时，需要反射调用空参构造函数，所以必须有
    public FlowBean() { }

    public FlowBean(long upFlow, long downFlow) {
        this.upFlow = upFlow;
        this.downFlow = downFlow;
        this.sumFlow = upFlow + downFlow;
    }

    //TODO 序列化
    @Override
    public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
        out.writeLong( upFlow );
        out.writeLong( downFlow );
        out.writeLong( sumFlow );
    }

    //TODO 反序列化方法
    //TODO 反序列化方法读顺序必须和写序列化方法的写顺序必须一致
    @Override
    public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
        upFlow = in.readLong();
        downFlow = in.readLong();
        sumFlow = in.readLong();
    }

    public long getUpFlow() {
        return upFlow;
    }

    public void setUpFlow(long upFlow) {
        this.upFlow = upFlow;
    }

    public long getDownFlow() {
        return downFlow;
    }

    public void setDownFlow(long downFlow) {
        this.downFlow = downFlow;
    }

    public long getSumFlow() {
        return sumFlow;
    }

    public void setSumFlow(long sumFlow) {
        this.sumFlow = sumFlow;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return  upFlow + "\t" + downFlow + "\t" + sumFlow ;
    }


    public void set(long upFlow, long downFlow) {
        this.upFlow = upFlow;
        this.downFlow = downFlow;
        this.sumFlow = upFlow + downFlow;

    }
}

编写mapper类

public class FlowCountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text,Text, FlowBean> {

    Text k = new Text();
    FlowBean v = new FlowBean();

    @Override
    protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {

        //TODO 获取值和切分
        String[] splits = value.toString().split( "\t" );

        //TODO 封装手机号
        k.set( splits[1]);

        //TODO 反方向封装
        //TODO 减去上行流量和下行流量
        long upFlow  = Long.parseLong( splits[splits.length - 3] );
        long downFlow = Long.parseLong( splits[splits.length - 2] );

        //TODO 拿到FlowBean类的方法，赋值
        v.setUpFlow( upFlow );
        v.setDownFlow( downFlow );
        v.set( upFlow,downFlow );

        //TODO 写出
        context.write( k,v );
    }
}

编写reduce类

public class FlowCountReducer extends Reducer<Text, FlowBean,Text, FlowBean> {

    FlowBean v = new FlowBean();
    @Override
    protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<FlowBean> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        //TODO 定义累加变量
        long sum_unFlow = 0;
        long sum_downFlow = 0;
       // TODO  遍历所用bean，将其中的上行流量，下行流量分别累加
        for (FlowBean value : values) {
            sum_unFlow += value.getUpFlow();
            sum_downFlow += value.getDownFlow();
        }

        //TODO 封装对象
        v.set( sum_unFlow,sum_downFlow );

        //TODO 写出
        context.write( key,v );
    }

}

编写分区类

public class ProvincePartitioner extends Partitioner<Text,FlowBean> {
    @Override
    public int getPartition(Text key, FlowBean values, int numPartitions) {

        //TODO key是手机号
        //TODO value是值

        String substring = key.toString().substring( 0, 3 );
        //TODO 一共分为四个分区
        int partition = 4 ;
        if("136".equals( substring )){
            partition = 0;
        }else if("137".equals( substring )){
            partition = 1;
        }else if("138".equals( substring )){
            partition = 2;
        }else if("139".equals( substring )){
            partition = 3;
        }
        return partition;
    }
}

编写Driver类

public class FlowsumDriver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {

        //TODO 获取job
        Configuration conf= new Configuration();
        Job job = Job.getInstance( conf );
        //TODO 获取jar
        job.setJarByClass( FlowsumDriver.class );
        //TODO 获取Map Reduce
        job.setMapperClass( FlowCountMapper.class );
        job.setReducerClass( FlowCountReducer.class );
        //TODO 获取Map端输出类型
        job.setMapOutputKeyClass( Text.class );
        job.setMapOutputValueClass( FlowBean.class );
        //TODO 设置分区的类
        job.setPartitionerClass( ProvincePartitioner.class );
        job.setNumReduceTasks(5);

        //TODO 获取总输出类型
        job.setOutputKeyClass( Text.class );
        job.setOutputValueClass( FlowBean.class );
        //TODO 设置输入路径和输出路径
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths( job,new Path( args[0] ) );
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath( job,new Path( args[1] ) );
        //TODO 提交
        boolean result = job.waitForCompletion( true );
        System.exit( result ? 0:1 );
    }
}

最后可查看效果，可在本地或者集群

5、分区总结

(1)如果ReduceTask的数量> getPartition的结果数，则会多产生几个空的输出文件part-r-00000
(2)如果1<ReduceTak的数量<gePariticn的结果数，则有-部分分区数据无处安放，会Exception;
(3)如果RetuceTask的數量-1,则不管MaTask端输出多少个分区文件，最终结果都交给这一个ReduceTask,最终也就只会产生一个结果文件part-r-00000

(4)分区号必须从零开始，逐一加一

6，.案例分析

例收口:假设自定义分区数为5,则

(1) job setNumReduceTask(1);

会正常运行, 只不过会产生一个输出文件

(2) job setNJumReduceTask<(2)；

会报错

(3) job.setNumReduceTask(6),

大于5,程序会正常运行，但会产生空文件