Spring核心之IOC（Inversion of Control）控制反转的三种实现方式

总结一下Spring框架核心之IOC（Inversion of Control）控制反转的三种实现方式：
1、纯配置文件配置； 2、配置文件+注解两掺； 3、纯注解；
其中，个人认为：纯配置文件配置的方式易读易理解；纯注解方式开发效率更高；配置文件+注解两掺方式在实际应用中更常用。

此文中IOC的三种实现方式均采用maven工程环境搭建。

maven工程导入依赖坐标

	<properties>
        <spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

1. 纯配置文件配置
Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml中主要配置

	<!--配置userDao-->
    <bean id="userDao" class="xxx.xxx.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <!--配置userService-->
    <bean id="userService" class="xxx.xxx.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <!--注入userDao-->
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
    </bean>

dao层主要代码

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println(" save running .... ");
    }
}

service层主要代码

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    public void save() {
        userDao.save();
    }
}

测试类主要代码

public class SpringTest {
    @Test
    public void test() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
        userService.save();
    }
}

2. xml配置+注解两掺
Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml中主要配置

<!--开启包扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="xxx.xxx"></context:component-scan>

dao层主要代码

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println(" save running .... ");
    }
}

service层主要代码

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void save() {
        userDao.save();
    }
}

测试类主要代码

public class SpringTest {
    @Test
    public void test() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
        userService.save();
    }
}

3. 纯注解
配置类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("xxx.xxx")
public class SpringConfig {
}

dao层主要代码

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    public void save() {
        System.out.println(" save running .... ");
    }
}

service层主要代码

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    public void save() {
        userDao.save();
    }
}

测试类主要代码

public class SpringTest {
    @Test
    public void test() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
        userService.save();
    }
}

如文中有不合理之处，请各位批评指正。