1.Servlet接口
方法声明 | 功能描述 |
void int(ServletConfig config) | 容器创建好Servlet对象之后就会调用此方法,该方法接收一个Servlet类型的参数,Servlet容器通过这个参数向Servlet传递初始化配置信息 |
ServletConfig getServletConfig() | 用于获取Servlet对象配置信息,返回Servlet的ServletConfig对象 |
String getServletInfo() | 返回一个字符串,其中包含关于Servlet的信息 |
void service(ServletRequset request,ServletResponse response) | 负责响应用户请求,当容器接收客户端访问Servlet对象请求,就会调用此方法,容器会构建一个表示ServletRequest对象和一个响应用户请求的ServletResponse的对象作为参数传递给service()方法,在service()方法中,可以通过ServletRequest获取客户端的相关信息和请求信息 |
void destroy | 销毁Servlet对象,释放Servlet对象占用的资源 |
2.HttpServlet常用方法
方法声明 | 功能描述 |
protected doGet(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) | 用于处理GET类型的HTTP请求 |
protected doPost(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) | 用于处理POST类型的HTTP请求 |
protected doPut(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) | 用于处理PUT类型的HTTP请求 |
工具使用Eclipse
(1)新建Web项目 导入servlet.jar-》新建Servlet -> hello.java
package hello;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
*
* @author 新林
* @Date 2019年9月27日
*/
public class helloServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public helloServlet() {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
(3)在web.xml中加入映射路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>Hello</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>helloServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>hello.helloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>helloServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/helloServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
(4)然后把项目加载进tomcat-》浏览器输入localhost:8080/Hello/helloServlet