在Shell脚本中使用cut命令截取文本

cut --help
Usage: cut OPTION... [FILE]...
Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -b, --bytes=LIST        select only these bytes
  -c, --characters=LIST   select only these characters
  -d, --delimiter=DELIM   use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter
  -f, --fields=LIST       select only these fields;  also print any line
                            that contains no delimiter character, unless
                            the -s option is specified
  -n                      (ignored)
      --complement        complement the set of selected bytes, characters
                            or fields
  -s, --only-delimited    do not print lines not containing delimiters
      --output-delimiter=STRING  use STRING as the output delimiter
                            the default is to use the input delimiter
  -z, --zero-terminated    line delimiter is NUL, not newline
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

cut命令在Unix/Linux shell中是一个非常有用的命令，
用于从文件或标准输入中提取指定的字段或字符。下面是cut命令的基本用法和选项：

#-d, --delimiter=DELIM:指定字段（列）的分隔符，默认是制表符（Tab)
cut -d ':' -f 1 /etc/

#-f, --fields=LISI：指定要提取的字段（列）编号或范围。例如：
-f 1：提取第1列
-f 1,3,5：提取第1,3,5列
-f 2-4：提取第3至4列
-f 2-: 提取第2至最后面

#-c, --characters=LIST：提取指定的字符位置
cut -c 1-5 file.txt：提取文件中每行的前五个字符