一、如何安装LNMP架构环境。
1.安装nginx
[root@web01 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/
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/
releasever/
releasever/basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[root@web01 ~]# yum install nginx -y
2.安装php
[root@web01 ~]# yum install epel-release yum-utils -y
[root@web01 ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[root@web01 ~]# yum install php71w php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-embedded php71w-gd php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-xml php71w-fpm php71w-mysqlnd php71w-opcache php71w-mcrypt php71w-pecl-memcached php71w-pecl-mongodb php71w-pecl-redis php71w-pecl-zip php71w-bcmath
使用webtatic源安装
配置源
yum install epel-release
rpm -ivh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
1
2
安装php7.1
yum -y install php71w php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel \
php71w-embedded php71w-gd php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-xml php71w-fpm \
使用remi源安装
配置源
yum install epel-release
yum install https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
# yum install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm #remi官方源备用
# yum install http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm #remi官方源备用
安装php7.1
yum --enablerepo=remi-php71 install php php-cli php-common php-devel \
php-embedded php-gd php-mbstring php-pdo \
php-xml php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-opcache \
php-mcrypt php-pecl-memcached php-pecl-redis
————————————————
二、LNMP架构部署Wordpress
1.统一nginx php 的用户身份
[root@web01 ~]# groupadd -g666 www
[root@web01 ~]# useradd -u666 -g666 www
[root@web01 ~]# sed -i '/^user/c user www;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #修改nginx身份
[root@web01 ~]# sed -i '/^user/c user = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@web01 ~]# sed -i '/^group/c group = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@web01 ~]# systemctl restart nginx php-fpm
2.添加wordpress**博客**站点信息 ok
[root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/blog.oldxu.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.oldxu.com;
root /code03/wordpress;
client_max_body_size 100m;
location / {
index index.php index.html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
-----------------------------------------------------
**知乎**ok
[root@web01 conf.d]# vim zh.oldxu.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name zh.oldxu.com;
root /code03/zh;
client_max_body_size 100m;
location / {
index index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
----------------------------------------------------------
2.上传代码,修改属主和属组
[root@web01 ~]# cd /code03
[root@web01 ~]# rz wordpress.zip #<---
[root@web01 ~]# chown -R www.www /code/wordpress
知乎略过...
3.配置Windows Host 解析
4.通过浏览器访问,完成初始化操作
5.在db服务器
.配置mariadb密码
[root@db01-16 ~]#mysqladmin password '123456'
[root@db01-16 ~]#mysql -uroot -poldxu.com
create database worspress;
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'all'@'%' identified by '123456';
[root@db 01-16 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
6.完成初始化操作
??? 应用割接 wordpress—>连接本地数据库 修改为 连接 远程数据库
[root@web01 wordpress]# vim /code/wordpress/wp-config.php
/** WordPress数据库的名称 */
define( 'DB_NAME', 'wordpress' );
/** MySQL数据库用户名 */
define( 'DB_USER', 'all' );
/** MySQL数据库密码 */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', 'oldxu.com' );
/** MySQL主机 */
define( 'DB_HOST', '172.16.1.51' );
3.修改wecenter连接数据库的信息
[root@web01 ~]# find ./ -type f | xargs grep -Ri "oldxu.com"
[root@web01 ~]# cat /code/zh/system/config/database.php
<?php
$config['charset'] = 'utf8mb4';
$config['prefix'] = 'aws_';
$config['driver'] = 'MySQLi';
$config['master'] = array (
'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
'host' => '172.16.1.51',
'username' => 'all',
'password' => 'oldxu.com',
'dbname' => 'zh',
);
$config['slave'] = false;
三、扩展应用节点 扩展web节点 多个web组织在一起—>web集群
主机名称 应用环境 外网地址 内网地址
web01 nginx+php 10.0.0.7 172.16.1.7
web02 nginx+php 10.0.0.8 172.16.1.8
web03 nginx+php 10.0.0.9 172.16.1.9
db01 mysql 172.16.1.51
1.对web02进行初始化操作
[root@web02 ~]# groupadd -g666 www
[root@web02 ~]# useradd -u666 -g666 www
[root@web02 ~]# scp 172.16.1.7:/etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.在要扩展的节点上安装对应的环境: nginx+php
[root@web02 ~]# yum install nginx -y
[root@web02 ~]# rpm -e $(rpm -qa |grep php)
[root@web02 ~]# yum install php71w php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-embedded php71w-gd php71w-mbstring php71w-pdo php71w-xml php71w-fpm php71w-mysqlnd php71w-opcache php71w-mcrypt php71w-pecl-memcached php71w-pecl-mongodb php71w-pecl-redis php71w-pecl-zip php71w-bcmath -y
3.将web01上的Nginx php-fpm php.ini配置 以及 代码 拷贝至web02
1.nginx.conf nginx virtualHost
[root@web02 ~]# rsync -avz --delete 172.16.1.7:/etc/nginx/ /etc/nginx/
2.php-fpm.d/www.conf php.ini
[root@web02 ~]# rsync -avz 172.16.1.7:/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini
[root@web02 ~]# rsync -avz 172.16.1.7:/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
3.代码目录 /code
[root@web02 ~]# rsync -avz --delete 172.16.1.7:/code /
[root@web02 ~]# ll /code/
drwxr-xr-x 5 www www 4096 12月 6 12:41 wordpress
drwxr-xr-x 15 www www 4096 12月 6 11:44 zh
4.重新加载 nginx php-fpm 服务
1.检查nginx与php的语法是否存在错误
[root@web02 ~]# nginx -t
[root@web02 ~]# php-fpm -t
2.重新加载nginx php-fpm程序
[root@web02 ~]# systemctl restart nginx php-fpm
3.将nginx php-fpm 加入开机自启动
[root@web02 ~]# systemctl enable nginx php-fpm
5.进行测试 tail -f
四、 多个应用节点会带来新的问题:
1.静态资源不一致?
2.多个节点无法同时工作?
0.手动DNS切换
1.DNS轮询 (所有的web节点都需要有公网IP)
不安全
成本高
没有监控检查
2.nginx代理->负载均衡
3.解决多个web节点静态资源不一致
4.快速扩展一台web节点环境规划
主机名称 应用环境 外网地址 内网地址
web01 nginx+php 10.0.0.7 172.16.1.7
web02 nginx+php 10.0.0.8 172.16.1.8
nfs nfs 172.16.1.31
db01 mysql 172.16.1.51
1.准备一个NFS共享目录?
#初始化环境
[root@nfs01 ~]# groupadd -g666 www
[root@nfs01 ~]# useradd -u666 -g666 www
#安装-配置-启动-nfs
[root@nfs01 ~]# yum install nfs-utils -y
[root@nfs01 ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/blog 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)
/data/zh 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)
[root@nfs01 ~]# rm -rf /data
[root@nfs01 ~]# mkdir /data/blog /data/zh -p
#重启nfs服务
[root@nfs01 ~]# systemctl restart nfs
2.找到web存储静态资源的位置?
#查找图片存储的路径-->浏览器 -->F12 --> Select -->选择图片
http://blog.oldxu.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/ks.jpeg
/code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/ks.jpeg
3.将所有节点的图片,都选拷贝至 nfs存储中?
#在有图片的web节点上
[root@web02 ~]# scp -rp /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/* 172.16.1.31:/data/blog/
#回到nfs存储上 重新授权
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown -R www.www /data/blog/
4.所有的web节点执行挂载的操作?
--------------------------------------------------------
# wordpress
[root@web02 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data/blog /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/
#切换到web01 测试后 在进行挂载测试
[root@web01 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data/blog /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/
--------------------------------------------------------
# wecenter
http://zh.oldxu.com/uploads/article/20191206/72fb9f9956ef93b8a67498a95da3b3f7.jpg?7500
/code/zh/uploads/
[root@web02 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data/zh /code/zh/uploads/
[root@web01 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data/zh /code/zh/uploads/
--------------------------------------------------------
#记得授权
[root@nfs01 ~]# chown -R www.www /data/zh
--------------------------------------------------------
#切记: 一定要将挂载的信息写入开机启动 , 否则下次启动 就丢失了....
5.上传一张新的图片 验证 是否上传至存储服务器了
五、会话保持
phpmyadmin -->直观
kodcloud -->实现
配置一个网站:
1.测试session是否存储至于本地
2.配置多个web节点
3.接入负载均衡 —>轮询 -->正常登陆
第一步: 记得测试
[root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/phpmyadmin.oldxu.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name phpmyadmin.oldxu.com;
root /code/phpmyadmin;
location / {
index index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
第二步配置phpmyadmin
[root@web01 ~]# cd /code/phpmyadmin/
[root@web01 phpmyadmin]# cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
第三步修改配置文件(修改为需要连接的数据库IP地址)
[root@web01 phpmyadmin]# vim config.inc.php
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '172.16.1.51';
第四步配置第二个节点: 记得测试
第五步: 接入负载均衡
[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_phpmyadmin.oldxu.com.conf
upstream php {
server 172.16.1.7:80;
server 172.16.1.8:80;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name phpmyadmin.oldxu.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://php;
include proxy_params;
}
}
解决方案:
1.ip_hash
upstream php {
ip_hash;
server 172.16.1.7:80;
server 172.16.1.8:80;
}
2.会话共享--->redis
1.redis安装 配置 启动
[root@db01 ~]# yum install redis -y
[root@db01 ~]# sed -i '/^bind/c bind 127.0.0.1 172.16.1.51' /etc/redis.conf
[root@db01 ~]# systemctl start redis
[root@db01 ~]# systemctl enable redis
2.php应用服务接入redis ( session -->存储--->redis ) 所有节点都需要按如下方式配置
[root@web02 code]# vim /etc/php.ini
session.save_handler = redis
session.save_path = "tcp://172.16.1.51:6379?weight=1&timeout=2.5"
[root@web02 code]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
;php_value[session.save_handler] = files
;php_value[session.save_path] = /var/lib/php/session
[root@web02 code]# systemctl restart php-fpm
六、接入负载均衡
[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/proxy_params
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Connection “”;
proxy_connect_timeout 30;
proxy_send_timeout 60;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_buffering on;
proxy_buffer_size 32k;
proxy_buffers 4 128k;
proxy_buffering on;
proxy_buffer_size 32k;
proxy_buffers 4 128k;
ok
lb
[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_blog.oldxu.com.conf
upstream blog {
server 172.16.1.7:80;
server 172.16.1.8:80;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.oldxu.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://blog;
include proxy_params;
}
}
web
[root@web01 conf.d]# cat blog.oldxu.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.oldxu.com;
root /code/wordpress;
client_max_body_size 100m;
location / {
index index.php index.html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
七、接入keepalived漂移
1.װkeeplaived
[root@lb01 ~]# yum install keepalived -y
[root@lb02 ~]# yum install keepalived -y
2.����keeplaived
[root@lb01 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
router_id lb01
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority 150
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.3
}
}
[root@lb02 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
router_id lb02
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.3
}
}
3.����keeplaived (���л�������Ҫִ��)
[root@lb02 ~]# systemctl enable keepalived.service
[root@lb02 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service
����10.0.0.3��ѯ����lb