有关于chrome跨域访问的问题调查（CORS）

有关于chrome跨域访问的问题（CORS）

最近在解决一个跨域访问的问题时。浏览器总是报错，错误信息如下：
Access to XMLHttpRequest at ‘网址B’ from origin ‘网址A’ has been blocked by CORS policy: Response to preflight request doesn’t pass access control check: No ‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin’ header is present on the requested resource.

这里有一些很不错的文章是关于解释CORS如何工作的
https://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/cors/
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Access_control_CORS

1.该错误信息来源

network中cors中会做访问检查，这里的错误信息是缺少allow_origin_header导致的。

base::Optional<CorsErrorStatus> CheckAccessInternal(
    const GURL& response_url,
    const int response_status_code,
    const base::Optional<std::string>& allow_origin_header,
    const base::Optional<std::string>& allow_credentials_header,
    mojom::CredentialsMode credentials_mode,
    const url::Origin& origin) {
  ...
 else if (!allow_origin_header) {
    return CorsErrorStatus(mojom::CorsError::kMissingAllowOriginHeader);
  }
  ...
}

2.尝试解决方法

1.https://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/
在该网址中有一个**–disable-web-security**的开关，官方意思Don’t enforce the same-origin policy. (Used by people testing their sites.)
在启动浏览器时加入该参数，未能解决问题，怀疑是此开关未起作用。
2.在chromium源码web_preferences.h中定义了一些首选项
其中包含web_security_enabled; 看名字感觉与disable-web-security有关系
经测试将web_security_enabled置为false，即可跨域访问

3.调查web_security_enabled这个首选项是如何起作用的

在Browser进程的RenderViewHostImpl中
持有成员

std::unique_ptr<WebPreferences> web_preferences_;

在Render进程的RenderViewImpl中
持有成员

WebPreferences webkit_preferences_;

RenderViewHostImpl中有个ComputeWebPreferences会去获取当前进程中的command_line

const WebPreferences RenderViewHostImpl::ComputeWebPreferences() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("browser", "RenderViewHostImpl::GetWebkitPrefs");
  WebPreferences prefs;

  const base::CommandLine& command_line =
      *base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess();

  SetSlowWebPreferences(command_line, &prefs);

  //在command_line中检查是否含有开关kDisableWebSecurity
  //如果command_line中含有该开关就会把web_security_enabled置为false
  //至于为什么加了该command_line却不起作用，这个还需调查一下
  prefs.web_security_enabled =
      !command_line.HasSwitch(switches::kDisableWebSecurity);
  ...
  return prefs;
}

void RenderViewHostImpl::OnWebkitPreferencesChanged() {
  ...
  UpdateWebkitPreferences(ComputeWebPreferences());
  ...
}
void RenderViewHostImpl::UpdateWebkitPreferences(const WebPreferences& prefs) {
  web_preferences_.reset(new WebPreferences(prefs));
  Send(new ViewMsg_UpdateWebPreferences(GetRoutingID(), prefs));
}

在更新了web_preferences_之后会发一个IPC消息到render进程
IPC定义在src/content/common/view_messages.h

// This passes a set of webkit preferences down to the renderer.
IPC_MESSAGE_ROUTED1(ViewMsg_UpdateWebPreferences,
                    content::WebPreferences)

对应在render进程中的RenderViewImpl中会接受并处理该IPC消息

IPC_MESSAGE_HANDLER(ViewMsg_UpdateWebPreferences, OnUpdateWebPreferences)
void RenderViewImpl::OnUpdateWebPreferences(const WebPreferences& prefs) {
  webkit_preferences_ = prefs;
  ApplyWebPreferences(webkit_preferences_, webview());
}
void RenderView::ApplyWebPreferences(const WebPreferences& prefs,
                                     WebView* web_view) {
  WebSettings* settings = web_view->GetSettings();
  settings->SetWebSecurityEnabled(prefs.web_security_enabled);
  ...
}
void WebSettingsImpl::SetWebSecurityEnabled(bool enabled) {
  //WebSettingsImpl持有Settings* settings_;这个Setting是CORE_EXPORT的
  settings_->SetWebSecurityEnabled(enabled);
}

Settings中大部分参数以及Get和Set方法都以宏定义的方式放于一个巨集中settings_macros.h

void Settings::SetWebSecurityEnabled(bool web_security_enabled) {
  if (web_security_enabled_ == web_security_enabled)
    return;
  web_security_enabled_ = web_security_enabled;
}

bool GetWebSecurityEnabled() const { return web_security_enabled_; }

在这里还含有一个方法

bool GetAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs() const { return allow_universal_access_from_file_urls_; }

在src/third_party/blink/renderer/core/dom/document.cc

void InitializeOrigin(const DocumentInit& initializer) {
    ...
    if (initializer.HasSecurityContext()) {
      if (Settings* settings = initializer.GetSettings()) {
        if (!settings->GetWebSecurityEnabled()) {
          // Web security is turned off. We should let this document access
          // every other document. This is used primary by testing harnesses for
          // web sites.
          //这里是把SecurityOrigin持有的通用访问权限universal_access_ 置为true默认是false
          security_origin_->GrantUniversalAccess();
        } else if (security_origin_->IsLocal()) {
          if (settings->GetAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs()) {
            // Some clients want local URLs to have universal access, but that
            // setting is dangerous for other clients.
            security_origin_->GrantUniversalAccess();
          } else if (!settings->GetAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs()) {
            // Some clients do not want local URLs to have access to other local
            // URLs.
            security_origin_->BlockLocalAccessFromLocalOrigin();
          }
        }
      }
    }
    ...
 }

（未完）