学习笔记五 :linux驱动之原子变量

原子变量

原子变量atomic_t,定义在linux/types.h中

typedef struct {
	int counter;
} atomic_t;

在asm/atomic.h中

// 读取原子变量的值
#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
// 设置原子变量的值
// 参数 v:操作的量的地址  i:给原子变量的设置值
#define atomic_set(v,i)		WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
// 原子变量+i
#define atomic_add(i,v)			(void)atomic_add_return((i), (v))
// 原子变量-i
#define atomic_sub(i,v)			(void)atomic_sub_return((i), (v))
// 原子变量+1
void atomic_inc(atomic_t *v)
// 原子变量-1
void atomic_dec(atomic_t *v)
//原子变量+1之后判断是否为0，如果为0返回1，否则返回0
int atomic_inc_and_test(atomic_t *v)
//原子变量-1之后判断是否为0，如果为0返回1，否则返回0
int atomic_dec_and_test(atomic_t *v)

示例代码

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>

static atomic_t flag;
static struct my_st
{
    int major;
    int minor;
    dev_t dev_num;
    struct cdev cdev;
    struct class *class;
    struct device *dev;
}*my;


static int atomic_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *flip)
{
    if(!atomic_dec_and_test(&flag))    
    {
        atomic_inc(&flag);
        return -EBUSY;
    }

    printk("open() %d\r\n",atomic_read(&flag));
    return 0;
}

static int atomic_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *flip)
{
    atomic_inc(&flag);
    printk("release  %d \r\n",atomic_read(&flag));
    return 0;
}

static const struct file_operations fops =
{
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .open = atomic_open,
    .release = atomic_release,
};

static int __init atomic_init(void)
{
    int ret;
    printk("atomic_init\r\n");
    my=kzalloc(sizeof(struct my_st),GFP_KERNEL);
    if(my == NULL)
        return -ENOMEM;

    atomic_set(&flag,1);

    ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&my->dev_num,0,1,"hello_atomic");
    if(ret < 0)
        return ret;
    my->major = MAJOR(my->dev_num);
    my->minor = MINOR(my->dev_num);

    printk("主设备号:%d 次设备号:%d\r\n",my->major,my->minor);

    cdev_init(&my->cdev,&fops);
    my->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
    ret = cdev_add(&my->cdev,my->dev_num,1);
    if(ret < 0)
        goto cdev_add_failed;

    my->class = class_create(THIS_MODULE,"hello_atomic");
    if(IS_ERR(my->class))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(my->class);
        goto class_create_failed;
    }

    my->dev = device_create(my->class,NULL,my->dev_num,NULL,"hello_atomic");
    if(IS_ERR(my->dev))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(my->dev);
        goto device_create_failed;
    }
    return 0;

device_create_failed:
    class_destroy(my->class);
class_create_failed:
    cdev_del(&my->cdev);
cdev_add_failed:
    unregister_chrdev_region(my->dev_num,1);
    return ret;
}

static void __exit atomic_exit(void)
{
    device_destroy(my->class,my->dev_num);
    class_destroy(my->class);
    cdev_del(&my->cdev);
    unregister_chrdev_region(my->dev_num,1);
    kfree(my);
    printk("atomic_exit\r\n");
}

module_init(atomic_init);
module_exit(atomic_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Chen");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("test type of atomic_t usage");

Makefile

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
    obj-m:= atomic.o
else
    CURRENT_DIR:=$(shell pwd)
    KERNEL_DIR:=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
    ccflags-y:=-std=gnu99 -Wno-declaration-after-statement
all:
    $(MAKE) -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(CURRENT_DIR) modules
clean:
    $(MAKE) -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(CURRENT_DIR) clean
endif 

测试程序

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <error.h>

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    int fd; 
    fd = open("/dev/hello_atomic",O_RDWR);
    if(fd < 0)
    {   
        perror("");
        exit(1);
    }   

    sleep(15);

    close(fd);

    exit(0);
}

最后编译app.c为app切换到root用户执行app，然后再打开一个终端也执行app就会看到