1、线程停止(flag)
- 不推荐使用jdk提供的stop()、destory()方法。【已废弃】
- 推荐线程自己停下来
- 建议使用一个标志位进行中止变量当flag=false,则终止线程运行
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//测试stop
//1.建议线程正常停止--->利用次数,不建议死循环。
//2.建议使用标志位---->设置标志位
//3.不要使用stop或者destory过时的方法jdk不建议使用
public class TestStop implements Runnable{
//1.设置一个标志位
boolean flag = true;
@Override
public void run() {
int i=0;
while(flag){
System.out.println("正在执行。。。。。"+i++);
}
}
//2.设置一个公开的方法停止线程,转换标志位
public void stop(){
this.flag = false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
new Thread(testStop).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000 ; i++) {
System.out.println("main"+i);
if (i==900){
//调用stop方法切换标志位,让线程停止
testStop.stop();
System.out.println("该停止啦!!!");
}
}
}
}
2、线程休眠(sleep)
- sleep指定当前线程阻塞的毫秒数
- sleep存在异常InterruptedException
- sleep时间达到后线程进入就绪状态
- sleep可以模拟网络延时,倒计时等
- 每一个对象都有一个锁,sleep不会释放锁
模拟网络延迟:
package com.xv.state;
//模拟网络延时:放大问题的发生性
public class TestSleep implements Runnable {
//票数
private int ticketNumbers = 10;
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
if (ticketNumbers<=0){
break;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了第"+ticketNumbers--+"张票");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestSleep ticket = new TestSleep();
new Thread(ticket,"小明").start();
new Thread(ticket,"老师").start();
new Thread(ticket,"黄牛党").start();
}
}
模拟倒计时(及打印当前系统时间):
package com.xv.state;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// try {
// tenDown();
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
//打印当前系统时间
Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//获得当前系统时间
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException {
int number=10;
while(true){
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(number--);
if (number<=0){
break;
}
}
}
}
3、线程礼让(yield)
- 礼让线程,让当前正在执行的线程暂停,但不阻塞
- 将线程从运行状态转为就绪状态
- 让cpu重新调度,礼让不一定成功,看cpu
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//测试礼让
public class TestYield {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyYield myYield = new MyYield();
new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
}
}
class MyYield implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行");
Thread.yield();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止");
}
}
4、Join
- join合并线程,待此线程执行完成后,再hi行其他线程,其他线程阻塞
- 可以想象成插队
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//测试join
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("线程vip来了"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
thread.start();
//主线程跑1000次
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
if (i==200){
thread.join();
}
System.out.println("主线程再执行"+i);
}
}
}
5、线程状态观测
注意:线程执行后死亡,就无法再次启动
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//观察测试现成的状态
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("线程执行-》"+i);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("......");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//NEW
//观察启动后
thread.start();
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//RUN
while (state!=Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要不中止,就一直输出状态
Thread.sleep(100);
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//输出状态
}
}
}
6、线程优先级
- java提供一个线程消毒器来监控程序启动后进入就绪状态的所有线程,线程调度器按照优先级决定应该调度哪个线程来执行。
- 线程的优先级用数字表示,范围从1-10
-- Thread.MIN_PRIORITY = 1;
-- Thread.MAX_PRIORITY = 10;
-- Thread.NORM_PRIORITY = 5;
- 使用以下方式改变或获取优先级
getPriority().setPriority(int xxx)
注意:
1.优先级第只是意味着获得调度的概率低,并不是优先级低就不会被调用了。这都是看cpu调度(性能倒置)
2.优先级先设定后启动start()
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//测试线程优先级
public class TestPriority{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);
//先设置优先级再启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
t4.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
7、守护线程(deamon)
- 线程分为用户线程和守护线程
- 虚拟机必须确保用户线程执行完毕
- 虚拟机不用等待守护线程执行完毕
- 如,后台记录操作日志,监控内粗你,垃圾回收等待。
示例代码:
package com.xv.state;
//上帝守护你
//测试用户线程
public class TestDeamon {
public static void main(String[] args) {
God god = new God();
You you = new You();
Thread thread = new Thread(god);
thread.setDaemon(true);//默认是false,表示用户线程
thread.start();//上帝守护线程启动
new Thread(new You()).start();//用户线程启动
}
}
//上帝
class God implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
System.out.println("上帝保佑着你");
}
}
}
//你
class You implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 36500; i++) {
System.out.println("你一生都开心活着");
}
System.out.println("goodbye world");
}
}