前言
这是我《OpenCV:从零到一》专栏的第六篇博客,想看跟多请戳这。
本文概要
对比度和亮度的概念
Mat new_image = Mat::zeros( image.size(), image.type() );
saturate_cast(value)
Mat.at(y,x)[index]=value
案例代码
大概内容:调整图像亮度对比度 。
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2\imgproc\types_c.h>//CV_BGR2GRAY
using namespace cv;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
Mat src, dst;
src = imread("D:/86186/Documents/opencv/lena.jpg");
if (!src.data) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
char input_win[] = "input image";
cvtColor(src, src, CV_BGR2GRAY);//#include <opencv2\imgproc\types_c.h>//注意是BGR 而不是RGB
namedWindow(input_win);
imshow(input_win, src);
// contrast and brigthtness changes
int height = src.rows;
int width = src.cols;
dst = Mat::zeros(src.size(), src.type());//初始化dst,全部置零
float alpha = 1.2;
float beta = 30;
Mat m1;
src.convertTo(m1, CV_32F);
//法一
double t1 = (double)getTickCount();//获取开始时间信息
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
if (src.channels() == 3) {//三通道图像处理
//读取原来的像素值
float b = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[0];// blue
float g = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[1]; // green
float r = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[2]; // red
//带入公式输出
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = saturate_cast<uchar>(b*alpha + beta);
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = saturate_cast<uchar>(g*alpha + beta);
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = saturate_cast<uchar>(r*alpha + beta);
}
else if (src.channels() == 1) {//单通道图像处理
float v = src.at<uchar>(row, col);
dst.at<uchar>(row, col) = saturate_cast<uchar>(v*alpha + beta);
}
}
}
t1 = ((double)getTickCount() - t1) / getTickFrequency();
imshow("output1", dst);
//法二
double t2 = (double)getTickCount();//获取开始时间信息
if (src.channels() == 3) {//三通道图像处理
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
//读取原来的像素值
float b = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[0];// blue
float g = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[1]; // green
float r = m1.at<Vec3f>(row, col)[2]; // red
//带入公式输出
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = saturate_cast<uchar>(b*alpha + beta);
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = saturate_cast<uchar>(g*alpha + beta);
dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = saturate_cast<uchar>(r*alpha + beta);
}
}
}
else if (src.channels() == 1) {//单通道图像处理
for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
float v = src.at<uchar>(row, col);
dst.at<uchar>(row, col) = saturate_cast<uchar>(v*alpha + beta);
}
}
}
t2 = ((double)getTickCount() - t2) / getTickFrequency();
cout << "t1=" << t1 << endl << "t2=" << t2 << endl;
imshow("output2", dst);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
运行效果:
float alpha = 1.2; float beta = 30;
float alpha = 1.2; float beta = 100;
float alpha = 1.5; float beta = 0;
float alpha = 0.5; float beta = 80;
解析及注意事项
- alpha和beta都可以用来调整图像亮度的(当他们大于0时会是图片整体亮度增加),对于对比度的影响要分情况讨论。其实很容易对比度就是黑的与白的之差的值,一个大的值和一个小的值同时乘一个大于0的数,他们的差会变大,也就是说对比度会变大,但是大的值有可能会越界,以至于使得很多原本有区别的像素变得一样的值了,所以alpha和beta对于对比度的影响是不一定的要看图像本身。而alpha
- Mat new_image = Mat::zeros( image.size(), image.type() ); 创建一张跟原图像大小和类型一致的空白图像、像素值初始化为0
- saturate_cast(value)确保值大小范围为0~255之间
- Mat.at(y,x)[index]=value 给每个像素点每个通道赋值
- 图片地址(url)可以用 / 来代替 \ 。
- 用double t1 = (double)getTickCount(); 和t1 = ((double)getTickCount() - t1) / getTickFrequency(); 获取运行时间
- #include <opencv2\imgproc\types_c.h>//CV_BGR2GRAY未声明的标识符的解决办法