Node.JS+Vue+Vite+D3可视化

1-安装NodeJS（自带包管理器NPM），测试安装成功在控制台运行：node --version

2-写一个server.js文件，运行它：node server.js（类似HelloWorld）

写server.js文件

var http=require('http');
http.createServer(function (request, response){
	response.writeHead(200,{'Content-Type':'text/plain'});
	response.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(8888);
console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8888/');

运行server.js

3.安装vue，控制台：npm install vue

4.安装vite，控制台：npm install vite

5.创建一个vue空工程：npm init vite-app hellovue

6.运行这个Web工程：npm run dev

7.安装VScode

8.创建工程yarn create @vitejs/app my-vue-app --template vue，在VSCode里打开运行

3.Vue+D3可视化

安装d3 yarn add axios

安装axios  yarn add axios

在public文件夹下导入数据文件alphabet.json

接着在source文件夹中的components文件夹下建立BarChart.vue文件，文件代码如下

<template>
  <h2>📊 咱是直方图</h2>
  <div id="bar-chart-container"></div>
</template>

<script>
import { defineComponent } from "vue";
import axios from "axios";
import * as d3 from "d3";

export default defineComponent({
  data() {
    return {
      color: "steelblue",
      margin: { top: 30, right: 0, bottom: 30, left: 40 },
    };
  },
  /**
   * 在挂载后即开始执行
   */
  mounted() {
    axios.get("./alphabet.json").then((res) => {
      const barChartData = Object.assign(this.formatData(res.data), {
        format: "%",
        y: "↑ Frequency",
      });
      this.drawBarChart(barChartData);
    });
  },

  methods: {
    /**
     * 格式化数据
     */
    formatData(data) {
      return data
        .map(({ letter, frequency }) => {
          return { name: letter, value: frequency };
        })
        .sort((a, b) => d3.descending(a.value, b.value));
    },

    /**
     * 绘制直方图
     */
    drawBarChart(data) {
      const margin = this.margin;

      const width = 800;
      const height = 500;

      // 初始化 SVG 元素
      const svg = d3
        .select("#bar-chart-container")
        .append("svg")
        .attr("class", "bar-chart")
        .attr("viewBox", `0 0 ${width} ${height}`)
        .attr("width", width)
        .attr("height", height)
        .append("g");

      // https://observablehq.com/@d3/d3-scaleband
      // x 轴的缩放比例尺
      const x = d3
        .scaleBand()
        .domain(d3.range(data.length))
        .range([margin.left, width - margin.right])
        .padding(0.1);

      // y 轴的缩放比例尺
      const y = d3
        .scaleLinear()
        .domain([0, d3.max(data, (d) => d.value)])
        .nice()
        .range([height - margin.bottom, margin.top]);

      // x 坐标轴
      // tickSizeOuter(0) 移除 0 处初始的标记
      // tickFormat https://github.com/d3/d3-scale/blob/master/README.md#tickFormat
      const xAxis = (g) =>
        g.attr("transform", `translate(0,${height - margin.bottom})`).call(
          d3
            .axisBottom(x)
            .tickFormat((i) => data[i].name)
            .tickSizeOuter(0)
        );

      // y 坐标轴
      const yAxis = (g) =>
        g
          .attr("transform", `translate(${margin.left},0)`)
          .call(d3.axisLeft(y).ticks(null, data.format))
          // 移除区域间的竖线
          .call((g) => g.select(".domain").remove())
          .call((g) =>
            g
              .append("text")
              .attr("x", -margin.left)
              .attr("y", 10)
              .attr("fill", "currentColor")
              .attr("text-anchor", "start")
              .text(data.y)
          );

      svg
        .append("g")
        .attr("fill", this.color)
        .selectAll("rect")
        .data(data)
        .join("rect")
        .attr("x", (d, i) => x(i))
        .attr("y", (d) => y(d.value))
        .attr("height", (d) => y(0) - y(d.value))
        .attr("width", x.bandwidth());

      // 绘制到 SVG
      svg.append("g").call(xAxis);
      svg.append("g").call(yAxis);
    },
  },
});
</script>

以上是根据首字母出现频率进行的统计。之后只需要在App.vue文件中使用<BarChart />语句加载BarChart组件，就可以看到直方图效果。App.vue代码如下

<template>
  <HelloWorld msg="" />
    <div>
    <!-- <p v-for="(char, i) in alphabet" :key="i">
      <span>{{ char.letter }}</span>
      <span>{{ char.frequency }}</span>
    </p> -->
    <BarChart />
  </div>
</template>

<script setup>
import BarChart from "./components/BarChart.vue"
import HelloWorld from "./components/HelloWorld.vue";
</script>
<style>
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

 最终做出来直方图如下