C++ 第31课：完善的复数类 ---- （狄泰软件学院）

完善的复数类：

复数类应该具有的操作

- 运算：+，-，*，/

- 比较： ==， ！=

- 赋值： =

- 求模： modulus

 

利用操作符重载

     统一复数与实数的运算方式

     统一复数与实数的比较方式

           

编程实验：复数类的实现：Complex.cpp

.cpp文件：

#include "Complex.h"
#include "math.h"

Complex::Complex(double a, double b)
{
    this->a = a;
    this->b = b;
}

double Complex::getA()
{
    return a;
}

double Complex::getB()
{
    return b;
}

double Complex::getModulus()
{
    return sqrt(a * a + b * b);
}

Complex Complex::operator + (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a + c.a;
    double nb = b + c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator - (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a - c.a;
    double nb = b - c.b;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator * (const Complex& c)
{
    double na = a * c.a - b * c.b;
    double nb = a * c.b + b * c.a;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}

Complex Complex::operator / (const Complex& c)
{
    double cm = c.a * c.a + c.b * c.b;
    double na = (a * c.a + b * c.b) / cm;
    double nb = (b * c.a - a * c.b) / cm;
    Complex ret(na, nb);
    
    return ret;
}
    
bool Complex::operator == (const Complex& c)
{
    return (a == c.a) && (b == c.b);
}

bool Complex::operator != (const Complex& c)
{
    return !(*this == c);
}
    
Complex& Complex::operator = (const Complex& c)
{
    if( this != &c )
    {
        a = c.a;
        b = c.b;
    }
    
    return *this;
}

.h文件

#ifndef _COMPLEX_H_
#define _COMPLEX_H_

class Complex
{
    double a;
    double b;
public:
    Complex(double a = 0, double b = 0);
    double getA();
    double getB();
    double getModulus();
    
    Complex operator + (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator - (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator * (const Complex& c);
    Complex operator / (const Complex& c);
    
    bool operator == (const Complex& c);
    bool operator != (const Complex& c);
    
    Complex& operator = (const Complex& c);
};

#endif

 

注意事项：

C++ 规定赋值操作符（=）只能重载为成员函数

操作符重载不能改变原操作符的优先级

操作符重载不能改变操作数的个数

操作符重载不应改变操作符的原有语义

 

小结：

复数的概念可以通过自定义类实现

复数中的运算操作可以通过操作符重载实现

赋值操作符只能通过成员函数实现

操作符重载的本质为函数定义