hadoop报错：HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset. 解决方法

报错信息

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset.

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset. -see https://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/WindowsProblems

	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getWinUtilsPath(Shell.java:737)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getSetPermissionCommand(Shell.java:272)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getSetPermissionCommand(Shell.java:288)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.setPermission(RawLocalFileSystem.java:840)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem$LocalFSFileOutputStream.<init>(RawLocalFileSystem.java:239)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem$LocalFSFileOutputStream.<init>(RawLocalFileSystem.java:219)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.createOutputStreamWithMode(RawLocalFileSystem.java:318)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.create(RawLocalFileSystem.java:307)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.create(RawLocalFileSystem.java:338)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem$ChecksumFSOutputSummer.<init>(ChecksumFileSystem.java:401)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem.create(ChecksumFileSystem.java:464)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem.create(ChecksumFileSystem.java:443)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:1118)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:1098)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:987)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.copy(FileUtil.java:414)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.copy(FileUtil.java:387)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.copy(FileUtil.java:337)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.copyToLocalFile(FileSystem.java:2434)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.copyToLocalFile(FileSystem.java:2403)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.copyToLocalFile(FileSystem.java:2379)
	at cn.itcast.hdfs.HDFSClientTest.getFile2Local(HDFSClientTest.java:71)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset. -see https://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/WindowsProblems
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.fileNotFoundException(Shell.java:549)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getHadoopHomeDir(Shell.java:570)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getQualifiedBin(Shell.java:593)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:690)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:78)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3482)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$Key.<init>(FileSystem.java:3477)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache.get(FileSystem.java:3319)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:479)
	at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.get(FileSystem.java:227)
	at cn.itcast.hdfs.HDFSClientTest.connect2HDFS(HDFSClientTest.java:31)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.invokeMethod(RunBefores.java:33)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
	... 18 more
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: HADOOP_HOME and hadoop.home.dir are unset.
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHomeInner(Shell.java:469)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.checkHadoopHome(Shell.java:440)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:517)
	... 34 more

解决方法

1.下载apache-hadoop-3.1.0-winutils-master

apache-hadoop-3.1.0-winutils-master github地址.
其他版本也可以在github上找到，我这里用该版本解决问题。

2.解压到宿主机

我这里是解压到本地windows下的。
解压下来apache-hadoop-3.1.0-winutils-master文件夹下面包含bin文件

3.添加环境变量

将bin文件夹的父文件夹的路径添加到环境变量

4.重启IDEA或eclipse

问题解决。