Image2lcd生成的大图像数组在oled上任意显示的方法

• 介绍

当我们在单片机上做类似 马里奥 的游戏时，常常有一张比oled屏幕大很多的背景图。当人物移动时，其实是背景在移动，也就是取背景图上的一部分显示在屏幕上。以我的48*84大小的屏幕为例。

这是函数声明：

    /** Draw pic
    *
    *   输入的图像必须宽大于84像素，高大于48像素
    *   @param  x0表示从图像的横坐标位置开始显示
    *   @param  y0表示从图像的纵坐标位置开始显示
    *   @param  nrowst图像的总宽度
    *   @param  ncolst图像的总高度
    *   @param  pic - 2Dt图像的输入指针
    */                
    void drawPic(int x0,
                int y0,
                int nrows,
                int ncols,
                char *pic);

这是函数定义：

void drawPic(int x0,
                int y0,
                int nrows,
                int ncols,
                char *pic)
{
	if(ncols%8) //因为取模软件输出的是默认高为8的整数倍
    {
        ncols = (ncols/8 + 1) * 8;
    }
    if((nrows - x0) < 84)  //这里是防止要显示的图像比屏幕小
        x0 = nrows - 84;
    if((ncols - y0) < 48)  //这里是防止要显示的图像比屏幕小
        y0 = ncols - 48;
    for(int m = 0; m < 84; m++)  //屏幕是垂直扫描，这里是屏幕的总宽度84像素
    {
        for(int n = 0; n < 6; n++)  //这里是屏幕的总高度是48像素，每个字节包含了8个像素，所以循环6次
        {
            char pixels = 0;
       		//输入的图像是一维数组，我们根据要显示的图像位置坐标找到从图像的那个位置开始显示
            int divisor = ((x0 + m) * ncols + (y0 + n * 8))/8;  
            //这里是求一个余数，就是要取当前字节remainder 位和下个字节8-remainder 位组合成一个字节
            int remainder = ((x0 + m) * ncols + (y0 + n * 8))%8; 
            //组合的方法
            pixels = ((pic[divisor] << remainder)) + ((pic[divisor+1] >> (8 - remainder)));
            buffer[m][n] = pixels;  //buffer是你的屏幕显示数据的缓冲区
        }
    }
}

这是最终的效果：

下面是以LPC1768为例的源码：

• N5110.h

#ifndef N5110_H
#define N5110_H

#include "mbed.h"

// Command Bytes - taken from Chris Yan's library
// More information can be found in the display datasheet
// H = 0 - Basic instructions
#define CMD_DC_CLEAR_DISPLAY   0x08
#define CMD_DC_NORMAL_MODE     0x0C
#define CMD_DC_FILL_DISPLAY    0x09
#define CMD_DC_INVERT_VIDEO    0x0D
#define CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE 0x00
#define CMD_FS_VERTICAL_MODE   0x02
#define CMD_FS_BASIC_MODE      0x00
#define CMD_FS_EXTENDED_MODE   0x01
#define CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE     0x00
#define CMD_FS_POWER_DOWN_MODE 0x04
// H = 1 - Extended instructions
#define CMD_TC_TEMP_0          0x04
#define CMD_TC_TEMP_1          0x05
#define CMD_TC_TEMP_2          0x06
#define CMD_TC_TEMP_3          0x07
#define CMD_BI_MUX_24          0x15
#define CMD_BI_MUX_48          0x13
#define CMD_BI_MUX_100         0x10
#define CMD_VOP_6V06           0xB2
#define CMD_VOP_7V38           0xC8

// number of pixels on display
#define WIDTH 84
#define HEIGHT 48
#define BANKS 6

/// Fill types for 2D shapes
enum FillType {
    FILL_TRANSPARENT, ///< Transparent with outline
    FILL_BLACK,       ///< Filled black
    FILL_WHITE,       ///< Filled white (no outline)
};
class N5110
{
private:
// objects
    SPI         *_spi;
    PwmOut      *_led;
    DigitalOut  *_pwr;
    DigitalOut  *_sce;
    DigitalOut  *_rst;
    DigitalOut  *_dc;

// variables
    unsigned char buffer[84][6];  // screen buffer - the 6 is for the banks - each one is 8 bits;

public:
    /** Create a N5110 object connected to the specified pins
    *
    * @param pwr  Pin connected to Vcc on the LCD display (pin 1)
    * @param sce  Pin connected to chip enable (pin 3)
    * @param rst  Pin connected to reset (pin 4)
    * @param dc   Pin connected to data/command select (pin 5)
    * @param mosi Pin connected to data input (MOSI) (pin 6)
    * @param sclk Pin connected to serial clock (SCLK) (pin 7)
    * @param led  Pin connected to LED backlight (must be PWM) (pin 8)
    *
    */
    N5110(PinName const pwrPin,
          PinName const scePin,
          PinName const rstPin,
          PinName const dcPin,
          PinName const mosiPin,
          PinName const sclkPin,
          PinName const ledPin);

    /** Create a N5110 object connected to the specified pins (Vcc to +3V3)
    *
    * @param sce  Pin connected to chip enable (pin 3)
    * @param rst  Pin connected to reset (pin 4)
    * @param dc   Pin connected to data/command select (pin 5)
    * @param mosi Pin connected to data input (MOSI) (pin 6)
    * @param sclk Pin connected to serial clock (SCLK) (pin 7)
    * @param led  Pin connected to LED backlight (must be PWM) (pin 8)
    *
    */
    N5110(PinName const scePin,
          PinName const rstPin,
          PinName const dcPin,
          PinName const mosiPin,
          PinName const sclkPin,
          PinName const ledPin);

    /**
     * Free allocated memory when object goes out of scope
     */
    ~N5110();

    /** Initialise display
    *
    *   Powers up the display and turns on backlight (50% brightness default).
    *   Sets the display up in horizontal addressing mode and with normal video mode.
    */
    void init();

    /** Turn off
    *
    *   Powers down the display and turns of the backlight.
    *   Needs to be reinitialised before being re-used.
    */
    void turnOff();

    /** Clear
    *
    *   Clears the screen buffer.
    */
    void clear();

    /** Turn on normal video mode (default)
    *  Black on white
    */
    void normalMode();

    /** Turn on inverse video mode (default)
    *  White on black
    */
    void inverseMode();

    /** Set Brightness
    *
    *   Sets brightness of LED backlight.
    *   @param brightness - float in range 0.0 to 1.0
    */
    void setBrightness(float const brightness);

    /** Print String
    *
    *   Prints a string of characters to the screen buffer. String is cut-off after the 83rd pixel.
    *   @param x - the column number (0 to 83)
    *   @param y - the row number (0 to 5) - the display is split into 6 banks - each bank can be considered a row
    */
    void printString(char const         *str,
                     unsigned int const  x,
                     unsigned int const  y);

    /** Print Character
    *
    *   Sends a character to the screen buffer.  Printed at the specified location. Character is cut-off after the 83rd pixel.
    *   @param  c - the character to print. Can print ASCII as so printChar('C').
    *   @param x - the column number (0 to 83)
    *   @param y - the row number (0 to 5) - the display is split into 6 banks - each bank can be considered a row
    */
    void printChar(char const         c,
                   unsigned int const x,
                   unsigned int const y);

    /** Set a Pixel
    *
    *   This function sets a pixel in the screen buffer.
    *   @param  x - the x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
    *   @param  y - the y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
    */
    void setPixel(unsigned int const x,
                  unsigned int const y);

    /** Clear a Pixel
    *
    *   This function clears pixel in the screen buffer
    *   @param  x - the x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
    *   @param  y - the y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
    */
    void clearPixel(unsigned int const x,
                    unsigned int const y);

    /** Get a Pixel
    *
    *   This function gets the status of a pixel in the screen buffer.
    *   @param  x - the x co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 83)
    *   @param  y - the y co-ordinate of the pixel (0 to 47)
    *   @returns
    *       0           - pixel is clear
    *       1    - pixel is set
    */
    int getPixel(unsigned int const x,
                 unsigned int const y) const;

    /** Refresh display
    *
    *   This functions sends the screen buffer to the display.
    */
    void refresh();

    /** Randomise buffer
    *
    *   This function fills the buffer with random data.  Can be used to test the display.
    *   A call to refresh() must be made to update the display to reflect the change in pixels.
    *   The seed is not set and so the generated pattern will probably be the same each time.
    *   TODO: Randomise the seed - maybe using the noise on the AnalogIn pins.
    */
    void randomiseBuffer();

    /** Plot Array
    *
    *   This function plots a one-dimensional array in the buffer.
    *   @param array[] - y values of the plot. Values should be normalised in the range 0.0 to 1.0. First 84 plotted.
    */
    void plotArray(float const array[]);

    /** Draw Circle
    *
    *   This function draws a circle at the specified origin with specified radius in the screen buffer
    *   Uses the midpoint circle algorithm.
    *   @see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
    *   @param  x0     - x-coordinate of centre
    *   @param  y0     - y-coordinate of centre
    *   @param  radius - radius of circle in pixels
    *   @param  fill   - fill-type for the shape
    */
    void drawCircle(unsigned int const x0,
                    unsigned int const y0,
                    unsigned int const radius,
                    FillType const     fill);

    /** Draw Line
    *
    *   This function draws a line between the specified points using linear interpolation.
    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of first point
    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of first point
    *   @param  x1 - x-coordinate of last point
    *   @param  y1 - y-coordinate of last point
    *   @param  type - 0 white,1 black,2 dotted
    */
    void drawLine(unsigned int const x0,
                  unsigned int const y0,
                  unsigned int const x1,
                  unsigned int const y1,
                  unsigned int const type);

    /** Draw Rectangle
    *
    *   This function draws a rectangle.
    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of origin (top-left)
    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of origin (top-left)
    *   @param  width - width of rectangle
    *   @param  height - height of rectangle
    *   @param  fill   - fill-type for the shape
    */
    void drawRect(unsigned int const x0,
                  unsigned int const y0,
                  unsigned int const width,
                  unsigned int const height,
                  FillType const     fill);

    /** Draw Sprite
    *
    *   This function draws a sprite as defined in a 2D array
    *   @param  x0 - x-coordinate of origin (top-left)
    *   @param  y0 - y-coordinate of origin (top-left)
    *   @param  nrows - number of rows in sprite
    *   @param  ncols - number of columns in sprite
    *   @param  sprite - 2D array representing the sprite
    */
    void drawSprite(int x0,
                    int y0,
                    int nrows,
                    int ncols,
                    int *sprite);
         
    /** Draw pic
    *
    *   输入的图像必须宽大于84像素，高大于48像素
    *   @param  x0表示从图像的横坐标位置开始显示
    *   @param  y0表示从图像的纵坐标位置开始显示
    *   @param  nrowst图像的总宽度
    *   @param  ncolst图像的总高度
    *   @param  pic - 2Dt图像的输入指针
    */                
    void drawPic(int x0,
                int y0,
                int nrows,
                int ncols,
                char *pic);
                 
private:
// methods
    void setXYAddress(unsigned int const x,
                      unsigned int const y);
    void initSPI();
    void turnOn();
    void reset();
    void clearRAM();
    void sendCommand(unsigned char command);
    void sendData(unsigned char data);
};

const unsigned char font5x7[480] = {
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// (space)
    0x00, 0x00, 0x5F, 0x00, 0x00,// !
    0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
    0x14, 0x7F, 0x14, 0x7F, 0x14,// #
    0x24, 0x2A, 0x7F, 0x2A, 0x12,// $
    0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62,// %
    0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
    0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
    0x00, 0x1C, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
    0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00,// )
    0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08,// *
    0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
    0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00,// ,
    0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
    0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
    0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
    0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
    0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
    0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
    0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
    0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
    0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
    0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
    0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
    0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
    0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
    0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
    0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
    0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// <
    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
    0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x00,// >
    0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
    0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3E,// @
    0x7E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7E,// A
    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
    0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01, 0x01,// F
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x51, 0x32,// G
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
    0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
    0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
    0x7F, 0x02, 0x04, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
    0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
    0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
    0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
    0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
    0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
    0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
    0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
    0x7F, 0x20, 0x18, 0x20, 0x7F,// W
    0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
    0x03, 0x04, 0x78, 0x04, 0x03,// Y
    0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41,// [
    0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20,// "\"
    0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,// ]
    0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
    0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
    0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// `
    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
    0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
    0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
    0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
    0x08, 0x14, 0x54, 0x54, 0x3C,// g
    0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
    0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
    0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3D, 0x00,// j
    0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// k
    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
    0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
    0x7C, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08,// p
    0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7C,// q
    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
    0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
    0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
    0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
    0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
    0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
    0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
    0x0C, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3C,// y
    0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
    0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00,// {
    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,// |
    0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00,// }
    0x08, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x08,// ->
    0x08, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08, 0x08 // <-
};

#endif

• N5110.cpp

#include "mbed.h"
#include "N5110.h"

// overloaded constructor includes power pin - LCD Vcc connected to GPIO pin
// this constructor works fine with LPC1768 - enough current sourced from GPIO
// to power LCD. Doesn't work well with K64F.
N5110::N5110(PinName const pwrPin,
             PinName const scePin,
             PinName const rstPin,
             PinName const dcPin,
             PinName const mosiPin,
             PinName const sclkPin,
             PinName const ledPin)
    :
    _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise
    _led(new PwmOut(ledPin)),
    _pwr(new DigitalOut(pwrPin)),
    _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)),
    _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)),
    _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin))
{}

// overloaded constructor does not include power pin - LCD Vcc must be tied to +3V3
// Best to use this with K64F as the GPIO hasn't sufficient output current to reliably
// drive the LCD.
N5110::N5110(PinName const scePin,
             PinName const rstPin,
             PinName const dcPin,
             PinName const mosiPin,
             PinName const sclkPin,
             PinName const ledPin)
    :
    _spi(new SPI(mosiPin,NC,sclkPin)), // create new SPI instance and initialise
    _led(new PwmOut(ledPin)),
    _pwr(NULL), // pwr not needed so null it to be safe
    _sce(new DigitalOut(scePin)),
    _rst(new DigitalOut(rstPin)),
    _dc(new DigitalOut(dcPin))
{}

N5110::~N5110()
{
    delete _spi;

    if(_pwr) {
        delete _pwr;
    }

    delete _led;
    delete _sce;
    delete _rst;
    delete _dc;
}

// initialise function - powers up and sends the initialisation commands
void N5110::init()
{
    turnOn();     // power up
    reset();      // reset LCD - must be done within 100 ms

    initSPI();
    // function set - extended
    sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_EXTENDED_MODE);
    // Don't completely understand these parameters - they seem to work as they are
    // Consult the datasheet if you need to change them
    sendCommand(CMD_VOP_7V38);    // operating voltage - these values are from Chris Yan's Library
    sendCommand(CMD_TC_TEMP_2);   // temperature control
    sendCommand(CMD_BI_MUX_48);   // changing this can sometimes improve the contrast on some displays

    // function set - basic
    sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_BASIC_MODE);
    normalMode();  // normal video mode by default
    sendCommand(CMD_DC_NORMAL_MODE);  // black on white

    clearRAM();      // RAM is undefined at power-up so clear
    clear();   // clear buffer
    setBrightness(0.5);
}

// sets normal video mode (black on white)
void N5110::normalMode()
{
    sendCommand(CMD_DC_NORMAL_MODE);
}

// sets normal video mode (white on black)
void N5110::inverseMode()
{
    sendCommand(CMD_DC_INVERT_VIDEO);
}

// function to power up the LCD and backlight - only works when using GPIO to power
void N5110::turnOn()
{
    if (_pwr != NULL) {
        _pwr->write(1);  // apply power
    }
}

// function to power down LCD
void N5110::turnOff()
{
    clear(); // clear buffer
    refresh();
    setBrightness(0.0);  // turn backlight off
    clearRAM();   // clear RAM to ensure specified current consumption
    // send command to ensure we are in basic mode
    sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_ACTIVE_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_BASIC_MODE);
    // clear the display
    sendCommand(CMD_DC_CLEAR_DISPLAY);
    // enter the extended mode and power down
    sendCommand(0x20 | CMD_FS_POWER_DOWN_MODE | CMD_FS_HORIZONTAL_MODE | CMD_FS_EXTENDED_MODE);
    // small delay and then turn off the power pin
    wait_ms(10);

    // if we are powering the LCD using the GPIO then make it low to turn off
    if (_pwr != NULL) {
        _pwr->write(0);  // turn off power
    }

}

// function to change LED backlight brightness
void N5110::setBrightness(float brightness)
{
    // check whether brightness is within range
    if (brightness < 0.0f)
        brightness = 0.0f;
    if (brightness > 1.0f)
        brightness = 1.0f;
    // set PWM duty cycle
    _led->write(brightness);
}


// pulse the active low reset line
void N5110::reset()
{
    _rst->write(0);  // reset the LCD
    _rst->write(1);
}

// function to initialise SPI peripheral
void N5110::initSPI()
{
    _spi->format(8,1);    // 8 bits, Mode 1 - polarity 0, phase 1 - base value of clock is 0, data captured on falling edge/propagated on rising edge
    _spi->frequency(4000000);  // maximum of screen is 4 MHz
}

// send a command to the display
void N5110::sendCommand(unsigned char command)
{
    _dc->write(0);  // set DC low for command
    _sce->write(0); // set CE low to begin frame
    _spi->write(command);  // send command
    _dc->write(1);  // turn back to data by default
    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
}

// send data to the display at the current XY address
// dc is set to 1 (i.e. data) after sending a command and so should
// be the default mode.
void N5110::sendData(unsigned char data)
{
    _sce->write(0);   // set CE low to begin frame
    _spi->write(data);
    _sce->write(1);  // set CE high to end frame (expected for transmission of single byte)
}

// this function writes 0 to the 504 bytes to clear the RAM
void N5110::clearRAM()
{
    _sce->write(0);  //set CE low to begin frame
    for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT; i++) { // 48 x 84 bits = 504 bytes
        _spi->write(0x00);  // send 0's
    }
    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame
}

// function to set the XY address in RAM for subsequenct data write
void N5110::setXYAddress(unsigned int const x,
                         unsigned int const y)
{
    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
        sendCommand(0x80 | x);  // send addresses to display with relevant mask
        sendCommand(0x40 | y);
    }
}

// These functions are used to set, clear and get the value of pixels in the display
// Pixels are addressed in the range of 0 to 47 (y) and 0 to 83 (x).  The refresh()
// function must be called after set and clear in order to update the display
void N5110::setPixel(unsigned int const x,
                     unsigned int const y)
{
    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
        // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position in the data byte
        buffer[x][y/8] |= (1 << y%8);
    }
}

void N5110::clearPixel(unsigned int const x,
                       unsigned int const y)
{
    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
        // calculate bank and shift 1 to required position (using bit clear)
        buffer[x][y/8] &= ~(1 << y%8);
    }
}

int N5110::getPixel(unsigned int const x,
                    unsigned int const y) const
{
    if (x<WIDTH && y<HEIGHT) {  // check within range
        // return relevant bank and mask required bit

        int pixel = (int) buffer[x][y/8] & (1 << y%8);

        if (pixel)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }

    return 0;

}

// function to refresh the display
void N5110::refresh()
{
    setXYAddress(0,0);  // important to set address back to 0,0 before refreshing display
    // address auto increments after printing string, so buffer[0][0] will not coincide
    // with top-left pixel after priting string

    _sce->write(0);  //set CE low to begin frame

    for(int j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) {  // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
        for(int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
            _spi->write(buffer[i][j]);  // send buffer
        }
    }
    _sce->write(1); // set CE high to end frame

}

// fills the buffer with random bytes.  Can be used to test the display.
// The rand() function isn't seeded so it probably creates the same pattern everytime
void N5110::randomiseBuffer()
{
    int i,j;
    for(j = 0; j < BANKS; j++) {  // be careful to use correct order (j,i) for horizontal addressing
        for(i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++) {
            buffer[i][j] = rand()%256;  // generate random byte
        }
    }

}

// function to print 5x7 font
void N5110::printChar(char const          c,
                      unsigned int const  x,
                      unsigned int const  y)
{
    if (y<BANKS) {  // check if printing in range of y banks

        for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
            int pixel_x = x+i;
            if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1)  // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
                break;
            buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(c - 32)*5 + i];
            // array is offset by 32 relative to ASCII, each character is 5 pixels wide
        }

    }
}

// function to print string at specified position
void N5110::printString(const char         *str,
                        unsigned int const  x,
                        unsigned int const  y)
{
    if (y<BANKS) {  // check if printing in range of y banks

        int n = 0 ; // counter for number of characters in string
        // loop through string and print character
        while(*str) {

            // writes the character bitmap data to the buffer, so that
            // text and pixels can be displayed at the same time
            for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++ ) {
                int pixel_x = x+i+n*6;
                if (pixel_x > WIDTH-1) // ensure pixel isn't outside the buffer size (0 - 83)
                    break;
                buffer[pixel_x][y] = font5x7[(*str - 32)*5 + i];
            }
            str++;  // go to next character in string
            n++;    // increment index
        }
    }
}

// function to clear the screen buffer
void N5110::clear()
{
    memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
}

// function to plot array on display
void N5110::plotArray(float const array[])
{
    for (int i=0; i<WIDTH; i++) {  // loop through array
        // elements are normalised from 0.0 to 1.0, so multiply
        // by 47 to convert to pixel range, and subtract from 47
        // since top-left is 0,0 in the display geometry
        setPixel(i,47 - int(array[i]*47.0f));
    }

}

// function to draw circle
void N5110:: drawCircle(unsigned int const x0,
                        unsigned int const y0,
                        unsigned int const radius,
                        FillType const     fill)
{
    // from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm
    int x = radius;
    int y = 0;
    int radiusError = 1-x;

    while(x >= y) {

        // if transparent, just draw outline
        if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) {
            setPixel( x + x0,  y + y0);
            setPixel(-x + x0,  y + y0);
            setPixel( y + x0,  x + y0);
            setPixel(-y + x0,  x + y0);
            setPixel(-y + x0, -x + y0);
            setPixel( y + x0, -x + y0);
            setPixel( x + x0, -y + y0);
            setPixel(-x + x0, -y + y0);
        } else {  // drawing filled circle, so draw lines between points at same y value

            int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0;  // black or white fill

            drawLine(x+x0,y+y0,-x+x0,y+y0,type);
            drawLine(y+x0,x+y0,-y+x0,x+y0,type);
            drawLine(y+x0,-x+y0,-y+x0,-x+y0,type);
            drawLine(x+x0,-y+y0,-x+x0,-y+y0,type);
        }

        y++;
        if (radiusError<0) {
            radiusError += 2 * y + 1;
        } else {
            x--;
            radiusError += 2 * (y - x) + 1;
        }
    }

}

void N5110::drawLine(unsigned int const x0,
                     unsigned int const y0,
                     unsigned int const x1,
                     unsigned int const y1,
                     unsigned int const type)
{
    int y_range = y1-y0;  // calc range of y and x
    int x_range = x1-x0;
    int start,stop,step;

    // if dotted line, set step to 2, else step is 1
    step = (type==2) ? 2:1;

    // make sure we loop over the largest range to get the most pixels on the display
    // for instance, if drawing a vertical line (x_range = 0), we need to loop down the y pixels
    // or else we'll only end up with 1 pixel in the x column
    if ( abs(x_range) > abs(y_range) ) {

        // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
        start = x1>x0 ? x0:x1;
        stop =  x1>x0 ? x1:x0;

        // loop between x pixels
        for (int x = start; x<= stop ; x+=step) {
            // do linear interpolation
            int y = y0 + (y1-y0)*(x-x0)/(x1-x0);

            if (type == 0)   // if 'white' line, turn off pixel
                clearPixel(x,y);
            else
                setPixel(x,y);  // else if 'black' or 'dotted' turn on pixel
        }
    } else {

        // ensure we loop from smallest to largest or else for-loop won't run as expected
        start = y1>y0 ? y0:y1;
        stop =  y1>y0 ? y1:y0;

        for (int y = start; y<= stop ; y+=step) {
            // do linear interpolation
            int x = x0 + (x1-x0)*(y-y0)/(y1-y0);

            if (type == 0)   // if 'white' line, turn off pixel
                clearPixel(x,y);
            else
                setPixel(x,y);  // else if 'black' or 'dotted' turn on pixel

        }
    }

}

void N5110::drawRect(unsigned int const x0,
                     unsigned int const y0,
                     unsigned int const width,
                     unsigned int const height,
                     FillType const     fill)
{
    if (fill == FILL_TRANSPARENT) { // transparent, just outline
        drawLine(x0,y0,x0+(width-1),y0,1);  // top
        drawLine(x0,y0+(height-1),x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1);  // bottom
        drawLine(x0,y0,x0,y0+(height-1),1);  // left
        drawLine(x0+(width-1),y0,x0+(width-1),y0+(height-1),1);  // right
    } else { // filled rectangle
        int type = (fill==FILL_BLACK) ? 1:0;  // black or white fill
        for (int y = y0; y<y0+height; y++) {  // loop through rows of rectangle
            drawLine(x0,y,x0+(width-1),y,type);  // draw line across screen
        }
    }
}

void N5110::drawSprite(int x0,
                      int y0,
                      int nrows,
                      int ncols,
                      int *sprite)
{ 
    for (int i = 0; i < nrows; i++) {
        for (int j = 0 ; j < ncols ; j++) {

            int pixel = *((sprite+i*ncols)+j);

            if (pixel) {
                setPixel(x0+j,y0+i);
            }
            else {
                clearPixel(x0+j,y0+i);    
            }

        }
    }
}

void N5110::drawPic(int x0,
                int y0,
                int nrows,
                int ncols,
                char *pic)
{
    if((nrows - x0) < 84)
        x0 = nrows - 84;
    if((ncols - y0) < 48)
        y0 = ncols - 48;
    for(int m = 0; m < 84; m++)
    {
        for(int n = 0; n < 6; n++)
        {
            char pixels = 0;
            int divisor = ((x0 + m) * ncols + (y0 + n * 8))/8;
            int remainder = ((x0 + m) * ncols + (y0 + n * 8))%8;
            pixels = ((pic[divisor] << remainder)) + ((pic[divisor+1] >> (8 - remainder)));
            buffer[m][n] = pixels;
        }
    }
}

• main.cpp

#include "mbed.h"
#include "N5110.h"

// JP1 must be in 2/3 position
N5110 lcd(p8,p9,p10,p11,p13,p21);

const unsigned char gImage_xiaohei[510] = { /* 0X21,0X01,0X55,0X00,0X30,0X00, */
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X04,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X06,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X02,0X28,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X02,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X02,0X28,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X02,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X01,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X09,0X2C,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X09,0X08,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X09,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X09,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X01,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X40,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X80,0X0C,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X1C,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X08,0X50,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X02,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X02,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X03,0X50,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X01,0X40,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X08,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X86,0X01,0X34,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X19,0X00,0X26,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X01,0X03,0X22,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X02,0X1E,0X00,0X00,0X40,0X00,0X02,0X31,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X84,0X6D,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X48,0X30,0X00,0X00,0XE0,0X00,0XB0,0X80,0X00,0X00,0X60,0X01,0X20,0XE0,
0X00,0X00,0X60,0X02,0X20,0XE0,0X00,0X00,0X70,0X24,0X30,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X70,0X44,
0X10,0X20,0X00,0X00,0XF8,0X8F,0X30,0X40,0X00,0X00,0XF8,0X1F,0X12,0X40,0X00,0X00,
0X1C,0X38,0X1C,0X01,0X00,0X00,0X1E,0X60,0XD0,0X81,0X00,0X00,0X8F,0X47,0X12,0XC0,
0X00,0X00,0XCF,0XCF,0X54,0X00,0X00,0X80,0XDF,0XCF,0X70,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X9F,0XCF,
0X70,0X00,0X00,0XC0,0X3F,0XC6,0X79,0X00,0X00,0XC0,0X7F,0XE0,0X7D,0X00,0X00,0XC0,
0XE3,0XFF,0X7F,0X03,0X00,0XF0,0X81,0XFF,0XFF,0X00,0X00,0XF8,0X3C,0XFF,0XFF,0X01,
0X00,0XFC,0X7C,0XFE,0XFF,0X01,0X00,0XFE,0X7C,0XFC,0XFF,0X00,0X00,0X82,0X7C,0XFC,
0XFF,0X01,0X00,0X04,0X79,0XFC,0X7F,0X80,0X00,0X70,0X03,0X9E,0X7F,0X80,0X00,0X00,
0X0F,0X0F,0XF8,0XC0,0X00,0X00,0XF8,0X03,0X68,0X00,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0X4F,0X40,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X48,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X48,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X28,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X08,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X10,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X10,0X40,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0XC0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X20,0XA0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X40,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X40,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X18,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X0D,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X06,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X04,
0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0X0F,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X04,0XF0,0XC3,0X00,0X7C,0X00,0X02,0X00,0X04,0X00,0X80,0X00,0X02,0X00,
0X00,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X80,0X04,
0X02,0X00,0X20,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X20,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X20,0X00,
0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X20,0X00,0X80,0X04,0X02,0X00,0X20,0X00,0X00,0X04,};




int main()
{

    // need to initialise the lcd first, do this once outside of the loop
    lcd.init();
    while(1) {
        // clear the display at the start of the loop
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.drawPic(0,0,85,48,(char *)gImage_xiaohei);
        lcd.refresh(); // refresh the LCD so the pixels appear
        wait_ms(1000/10);  // this gives a refresh rate of 10 frames per second
    }
}