使用git命令对文件修改的各个版本回退

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git restore <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
        modified:   readme.txt

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git add readme.txt

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
  (use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
        modified:   readme.txt


许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git commit -m "append GPL"
[master f74d3f2] append GPL
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git diff

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git log
commit f74d3f299077d442bea83281b6d723464031d9a8 (HEAD -> master)
Author: xurong <99207192@qq.com>
Date:   Thu Jul 15 16:12:09 2021 +0800

    append GPL

commit ece4da56f99c5beef81d3f4412abf40b83162865
Author: xurong <99207192@qq.com>
Date:   Thu Jul 15 16:02:58 2021 +0800

    add distributed

commit ec42fff2ff0ebfac078b5e108a62a3cf93c506a1
Author: xurong <99207192@qq.com>
Date:   Sun Jul 11 23:14:20 2021 +0800

    wrote a file3.txt

commit 2d293053f51904fc14573c2a87a2584d58854983
Author: xurong 992071922@qq.com>
Date:   Sun Jul 11 23:05:52 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git log --pretty=oneline
f74d3f299077d442bea83281b6d723464031d9a8 (HEAD -> master) append GPL
ece4da56f99c5beef81d3f4412abf40b83162865 add distributed
ec42fff2ff0ebfac078b5e108a62a3cf93c506a1 wrote a file3.txt
2d293053f51904fc14573c2a87a2584d58854983 wrote a readme file

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git reset --hard HEAD^
HEAD is now at ece4da5 add distributed

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ cat readme.txt
Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software.
许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git log
commit ece4da56f99c5beef81d3f4412abf40b83162865 (HEAD -> master)
Author: xurong <99207192@qq.com>
Date:   Thu Jul 15 16:02:58 2021 +0800

    add distributed

commit ec42fff2ff0ebfac078b5e108a62a3cf93c506a1
Author: xurong <992071922@qq.com>
Date:   Sun Jul 11 23:14:20 2021 +0800

    wrote a file3.txt

commit 2d293053f51904fc14573c2a87a2584d58854983
Author: xurong <9920719292@qq.com>
Date:   Sun Jul 11 23:05:52 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git reset --hard f74d
HEAD is now at f74d3f2 append GPL

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ cat readme.txt
Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.
许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$ git reflog
f74d3f2 (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{0}: reset: moving to f74d
ece4da5 HEAD@{1}: reset: moving to HEAD^
f74d3f2 (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{2}: commit: append GPL
ece4da5 HEAD@{3}: commit: add distributed
ec42fff HEAD@{4}: commit: wrote a file3.txt
2d29305 HEAD@{5}: commit (initial): wrote a readme file

许荣@DESKTOP-A30VNHE MINGW64 ~/Desktop/learngit (master)
$