PychallengeWP
0
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/1.html
提示2**38 is much much larger.
尝试2**38返回give the answer, not the question.
尝试238返回No... the 38 is a little bit above the 2...
2**38即2的38次方…
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/274877906944.html
1
凯撒移两位
# 有y要循环
str="g fmnc wms bgblr rpylqjyrc gr zw fylb. rfyrq ufyr amknsrcpq ypc dmp. bmgle gr gl zw fylb gq glcddgagclr ylb rfyr'q ufw rfgq rcvr gq qm jmle. sqgle qrpgle.kyicrpylq() gq pcamkkclbcb. lmu ynnjw ml rfc spj."
res=""
change=2
for s in str:
if s=='y' or s=='z':
res+=chr(ord(s)-26+2)
elif 'x'>=s>='a':
res+=chr(ord(s)+2)
else:
res+=s
print(res)
# i hope you didnt translate it by hand. thats what computers are for. doing it in by hand is inefficient and that's why this text is so long. using string.maketrans() is recommended. now apply on the url.
# map->ocr
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/ocr.html
2
查看源码find rare characters in the mess below:找乱码里的有效字符
with open("test.txt", "r") as f: # 打开文件
data = f.read() # 读取文件
res=""
for s in data:
if 'a'<=s<='z' or 'A'<=s<='Z':
res+=s
print(res)
# equality
3
One small letter, surrounded by **EXACTLY** three big bodyguards on each of its sides. 找左右都是三个大写字母的小写字母，发现找到很多 则有左右边第四个都是小写字母
import requests
import re
res = requests.get('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/equality.html')
print("".join(re.findall('[a-z]{1}[A-Z]{3}([a-z]{1})[A-Z]{3}[a-z]{1}', res.text)))
# linkedlist
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php
4
查看源码发现http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?nothing=12345进入则有and the next nothing is 44827尝试几个后写脚本继续
import requests
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?nothing="
res = requests.get('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?nothing=12345')
time=0
while(True):
time+=1
nothing=res.text.split(" ")[-1]
print(nothing)
res=requests.get(url+nothing)
print(time)
print(res)
在输出的nothing中间找到一个peak.html
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/peak.html
5
查看源代码存在banner.p对其做反序列化
import requests
import pickle
import os
res=requests.get("http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/banner.p")
f = open("1.txt", 'wb')
f.write(res.content)
f.close()
with open("1.txt", 'rb') as f:
data=pickle.load(f)
print(data)
os.remove("1.txt")
得到list，list元素总和为95长度为23且只有几个元素，画出矩阵
for col in data:
for i in col:
for j in range(i[1]):
print(i[0],end="")
print('\n')
近似channel
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/channel.html
6
查看源码提示<html> <!-- <-- zip -->改zip得到压缩包，解压得到一堆txt文件查看readme，先找到最后一个文件
data="90052"
while True:
f=open(data+".txt")
t=f.read()
print(t)
data=t.split(" ")[-1]
# Collect the comments.
结合提示2answer is inside the zip，得知zipfile存在comment
import zipfile
file = zipfile.ZipFile('channel.zip')
data="90052"
res=""
while True:
f=open(data+".txt")
res+=str(file.getinfo(data+".txt").comment,encoding='utf-8')
t=f.read()
#print(t)
print(res)
data=t.split(" ")[-1]
得到HOCKEY进入hockey.html得到提示it's in the air. look at the letters.发现HOCKEY由小写字母组成OXYGEN
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/oxygen.html
7
查看源码，信息只有一张img，该img存在灰度区，计算得到43开始后为灰色，提取rgb值，7个一组重复，转asc
import cv2
img=cv2.imread("index.png")
#print(img.shape)
#for i in range(img.shape[0]):
# print(img[i][0])
res=chr(115)
index=0
for j in range(5,img.shape[1]):
if(img[43][j][0]==img[43][j][1] and img[43][j][1]==img[43][j][2]):
print(img[43][j])
index+=1
if(index==7):
index=0
res+=chr(img[43][j][0])
print(res)
# smart guy, you made it. the next level is [105, 110, 116, 101, 103, 114, 105, 116, 121]
print("".join(chr(s) for s in [105, 110, 116, 101, 103, 114, 105, 116, 121]))
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/integrity.html
8
查看源码存在登录窗口，存在提示
<!--
un: 'BZh91AY&SYA\xaf\x82\r\x00\x00\x01\x01\x80\x02\xc0\x02\x00 \x00!\x9ah3M\x07<]\xc9\x14\xe1BA\x06\xbe\x084'
pw: 'BZh91AY&SY\x94$|\x0e\x00\x00\x00\x81\x00\x03$ \x00!\x9ah3M\x13<]\xc9\x14\xe1BBP\x91\xf08'
-->
查阅资料可知BZh91AY&SY为bz2加密头，进行解密
import bz2
un = b'BZh91AY&SYA\xaf\x82\r\x00\x00\x01\x01\x80\x02\xc0\x02\x00 \x00!\x9ah3M\x07<]\xc9\x14\xe1BA\x06\xbe\x084'
pw = b'BZh91AY&SY\x94$|\x0e\x00\x00\x00\x81\x00\x03$ \x00!\x9ah3M\x13<]\xc9\x14\xe1BBP\x91\xf08'
print(bz2.decompress(un),bz2.decompress(pw))
# b'huge' b'file'
成功登录
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/good.html
9
查看图片存在黑点，查看源码存在提示first+second=?，first、second长度不等不为倍数无法相加，猜测fIrst与second为点，画点
import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img=cv2.imread("good.jpg")
first="temp,146,399,163,403,170,393,169,391,166,386,170,381,170,371,170,355,169,346,167,335,170,329,170,320,170,310,171,301,173,290,178,289,182,287,188,286,190,286,192,291,194,296,195,305,194,307,191,312,190,316,190,321,192,331,193,338,196,341,197,346,199,352,198,360,197,366,197,373,196,380,197,383,196,387,192,389,191,392,190,396,189,400,194,401,201,402,208,403,213,402,216,401,219,397,219,393,216,390,215,385,215,379,213,373,213,365,212,360,210,353,210,347,212,338,213,329,214,319,215,311,215,306,216,296,218,290,221,283,225,282,233,284,238,287,243,290,250,291,255,294,261,293,265,291,271,291,273,289,278,287,279,285,281,280,284,278,284,276,287,277,289,283,291,286,294,291,296,295,299,300,301,304,304,320,305,327,306,332,307,341,306,349,303,354,301,364,301,371,297,375,292,384,291,386,302,393,324,391,333,387,328,375,329,367,329,353,330,341,331,328,336,319,338,310,341,304,341,285,341,278,343,269,344,262,346,259,346,251,349,259,349,264,349,273,349,280,349,288,349,295,349,298,354,293,356,286,354,279,352,268,352,257,351,249,350,234,351,211,352,197,354,185,353,171,351,154,348,147,342,137,339,132,330,122,327,120,314,116,304,117,293,118,284,118,281,122,275,128,265,129,257,131,244,133,239,134,228,136,221,137,214,138,209,135,201,132,192,130,184,131,175,129,170,131,159,134,157,134,160,130,170,125,176,114,176,102,173,103,172,108,171,111,163,115,156,116,149,117,142,116,136,115,129,115,124,115,120,115,115,117,113,120,109,122,102,122,100,121,95,121,89,115,87,110,82,109,84,118,89,123,93,129,100,130,108,132,110,133,110,136,107,138,105,140,95,138,86,141,79,149,77,155,81,162,90,165,97,167,99,171,109,171,107,161,111,156,113,170,115,185,118,208,117,223,121,239,128,251,133,259,136,266,139,276,143,290,148,310,151,332,155,348,156,353,153,366,149,379,147,394,146,399"
#print(len(first.split(',')))
t=first.split(',')
#print(t)
index=0
for point in t:
#print(point)
index+=1
if point=="temp":continue
if(index%2==0):
#print(t[index-1],t[index])
cv2.circle(img,(int(t[index-1]),int(t[index])),3,(0,0,0))
second="temp,156,141,165,135,169,131,176,130,187,134,191,140,191,146,186,150,179,155,175,157,168,157,163,157,159,157,158,164,159,175,159,181,157,191,154,197,153,205,153,210,152,212,147,215,146,218,143,220,132,220,125,217,119,209,116,196,115,185,114,172,114,167,112,161,109,165,107,170,99,171,97,167,89,164,81,162,77,155,81,148,87,140,96,138,105,141,110,136,111,126,113,129,118,117,128,114,137,115,146,114,155,115,158,121,157,128,156,134,157,136,156,136"
t=second.split(',')
index=0
for point in t:
#print(point)
index+=1
if point=="temp":continue
if(index%2==0):
#print(t[index-1],t[index])
cv2.circle(img,(int(t[index-1]),int(t[index])),3,(0,0,0))
plt.imshow(img)
得到一头貌似牛的图像cow.html得到hmm. it's a male.
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/bull.html
10
查看源码发现存在sequence.txt 内容为a = [1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221,问题为len(a[30]) = ?，需要找规律a序列后面的长度，5个元素比较困难，首先猜测斐波那契因为后几个元素长度为2,2,4,6，果然错了。找不到规律，猜测答案为整数，则开始爆破
import requests
s = requests.Session()
def geturl(number):
return "http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/"+str(number)+".html"
header={
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:94.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/94.0",
"Cookie":"_ga=GA1.2.2060571321.1636538336; info=you%20should%20have%20followed%20busynothing...",
"Authorization":"Basic aHVnZTpmaWxl",
}
for i in range(100000):
if(i%500==0):
print("已遍历",i)
res=s.get(geturl(i),headers=header)
if "not exist" not in res.text:
print("the answer is",i)
break
# the answer is 5808
答案为5808
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/5808.html
查看教程发现规律，下一个数为上一个数的总结，11表示1个1即上一个数为1,1211表示1个2，1个1，即上一个数为21
11
查看源码未看到有效信息，只有一张图片，而且图片中有异常像素点。图片shape为(480, 640, 3)，接下来需要分离有效像素点。cave是当心，网页title为odd even表示奇偶。选择按奇偶分离像素点，尝试横向分隔与纵向分隔失败，最后横向纵向同时分隔成功。
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img=cv2.imread("cave.jpg")
#print(img.shape)
'''
new_img=np.empty((int(img.shape[0]),int(img.shape[1]/2),3))
for i in range(480):
for j in range(320):
for k in range(3):
new_img[i][j][k]=img[i][j*2][k]
'''
new_img=np.empty((int(img.shape[0]/2),int(img.shape[1]/2),3))
for i in range(240):
for j in range(320):
for k in range(3):
new_img[i][j][k]=img[i*2][j*2][k]
#new_img.shape
cv2.imwrite("new_img.png",new_img)
在得到的img中发现evil字样
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/evil.html
12
查看源码，也只有img这一信息，网页title无法提供有效信息。查看img的link发现其为evil1.jpg，尝试evil2.jpg,evil3.jpg......发现存在2,3,4三张图，evil4提示因错误而无法显示。2图中字样not jpg,gfx,3中mo more evils。尝试改后缀jpg为gfx，访问evil2.gfx下载gfx文件。由于evil4中内容无法显示，则再次尝试
import requests
s = requests.Session()
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/evil4.jpg"
header={
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:94.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/94.0",
"Cookie":"_ga=GA1.2.2060571321.1636538336; info=you%20should%20have%20followed%20busynothing...",
"Authorization":"Basic aHVnZTpmaWxl",
}
res=s.get(url,headers=header)
print(res.text)
# 'Bert is evil! go back!\n'
为无效信息，则当前可用的为gfx文件。010打开，也不存在有效文件头。查看网上WP，图片中的分牌对应将数据分为5份，包含5张img，写脚本实现。
import os
import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
with open ("evil2.gfx","rb") as f:
data=f.read()
for i in range(5):
img_data=data[i::5]
#img=cv2.imdecode(np.array(bytearray(img_data), dtype='uint8'), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED) # bytes2img
#plt.imshow(img)
with open("%d.jpg" % (i),"wb") as f:
f.write(img_data)
4.jpg中内容被划掉，拼接0-3中内容得到disproportional
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/disproportional.html
13
有个phonebook.php内容有<string>XML error 5: empty document</string>毫无思路，直接看WP。
XML-RPC是工作在Internet上的远程过程调用协议。一个XML-RPC消息就是一个请求体为xml的http-post请求，被调用的方法在服务器端执行并将执行结果以xml格式编码后返回。存在python的 xmlrpc库，并有phone方法。
import xmlrpc.client
p= xmlrpc.client.ServerProxy('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/phonebook.php')
#print(p.system.listMethods()) # ['phone', 'system.listMethods', 'system.methodHelp','system.methodSignature', 'system.multicall', 'system.getCapabilities']
#print(p.system.methodHelp('phone')) # Returns the phone of a person
#print(p.system.methodSignature('phone'))# [['string', 'string']]
print(p.phone('evil')) # He is not the evil
print(p.phone('Bert')) # 555-ITALY
phone(evil)但是提示He is not the evil。那么谁是evil，在访问12关的evil4.jpg中说'Bert is evil! go back!\n'，则phone(Bert)
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/italy.html
14
查看源码，存在提示<!-- remember: 100*100 = (100+99+99+98) + (... -->以及一张wire.png，查看图像维度发现其为10000*1刚好是100*100，尝试将其转为100*100
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img=cv2.imread("index.png")
#print(img.shape) #(1, 10000, 3)
img_res=np.zeros([100,100,3],np.uint8)
for i in range(100):
for j in range(100):
for k in range(3):
img_res[i][j][k]=img[0][i*100+j][k]
plt.imshow(img_res)
得到一张图片，上面有bit字样，尝试bit.html返回you took the wrong curve.也就是说不能一行一行，这样的顺序有错。结合主页中给的面包圈图，猜测也是一个环形的
import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img=cv2.imread("index.png")
#print(img.shape) #(1, 10000, 3)
img_res=np.zeros([100,100,3],np.uint8)
p=0
n=100
for i in range(int(n/2+1)):
for j in range(i,n-i):#从行遍历
for k in range(3):
img_res[i][j][k]=img[0][p][k]
p+=1
for j in range(i+1,n-i):#遍历一竖
for k in range(3):
img_res[j][n-i-1][k]=img[0][p][k]
p+=1
for j in range(n-i-2,i-1,-1):#遍历底层
for k in range(3):
img_res[n-i-1][j][k]=img[0][p][k]
p+=1
for j in range(n-i-2,i,-1):
for k in range(3):
img_res[j][i][k]=img[0][p][k]
p+=1
plt.imshow(img_res)
代码实现，得到一张猫的图片，进入cat.html提示and its name is **uzi**. you'll hear from him later.则换成uzi
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/uzi.html
15
查看源码发现提示<!-- he ain't the youngest, he is the second -->以及<!-- todo: buy flowers for tomorrow -->结合网页title为whom猜测为找一个人。buy flowers for tomorrow表示他明天生日。tomorrow的日期为1月27日。图片有效信息，2月有29天且1月27号为周二，且年份的中间两位被遮挡，第一位为1，最后一位为6
import calendar
for i in range(1000,2000):
if calendar.weekday(i,1,27)==1 and calendar.isleap(i) and i%10==6:#weekday函数星期二为1,星期一为0
print(i)
'''
1176
1356
1576
1756
1976
'''
结合提示he ain't the youngest, he is the second即推断得到他的生日为1756年1月27号，发现为莫扎特的生日。
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/mozart.html
16
打开网页，查看源码有效信息只有一张img，用cv2读一直报错，猜测是编码问题，转而采用plt读取，发现图像存在4个维度，无法观察到有效信息，题目title为let me get this straight，尝试一段时间放弃，查看题解图中每行都有红线区域，需要将该区域对齐，即get straight
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
def cmplist(a,b):
return a[0]==b[0] and a[1]==b[1] and a[2]==b[2]
def isred(a):
return cmplist(a,[255,0,255])
img = plt.imread('index.gif')
'''
确定红色的值 为[255 0 255 255]
for p in range(len(img[0])):
if(cmplist(img[0][p],img[0][p+1]) and cmplist(img[0][p],img[0][p+2])):
print(img[0][p])
print(p)
'''
img_new=np.zeros((480,640,4),np.uint8)
#img.shape #(480, 640, 4)
for i in range(img.shape[0]):
for j in range(img.shape[1]):
if isred(img[i][j]):
#print(j)
img_new[i][0:img.shape[1]-j-1]=img[i][j:-1]
img_new[i][img.shape[1]-j:-1]=img[i][0:j-1]
break
plt.imshow(img_new)
最后得到的图片中包含romance
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/romance.html
17
查看源码只有一张图片，图名为cookies.jpg，查看网页cookies,发现info=you%20should%20have%20followed%20busynothing...，图中还有第四关的图，也查看第四关的cookies发现一样，即思路与第四关相似，为busynothing赋值。尝试改17关.html为.php，并赋值busynothing，但无效，发现需要在第四关上构造。http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing=12345。运行以下脚本。
import requests
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing="
res = requests.get('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing=12345')
time=0
while(True):
time+=1
nothing=res.text.split(" ")[-1]
print(nothing)
res=requests.get(url+nothing)
print(time)
print(res)
在中间找到一个it.,即http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing=83051内容为that's it.结合cookies，尝试打印网页的cookies，发现该网页cookie存在value信息，而其后的网页都不存在cookies，尝试拼接之前的cookies。
import requests
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing="
res = requests.get('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/linkedlist.php?busynothing=12345')
time=0
mes=""
while(True):
time+=1
nothing=res.text.split(" ")[-1]
print(nothing)
if(nothing=='it.'):
break
res=requests.get(url+nothing)
cookies=requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(res.cookies)
mes=mes+res.cookies["info"]
print(mes)
#BZh91AY%26SY%94%3A%E2I%00%00%21%19%80P%81%11%00%AFg%9E%A0%20%00hE%3DM%B5%23%D0%D4%D1%E2%8D%06%A9%FA%26S%D4%D3%21%A1%EAi7h%9B%9A%2B%BF%60%22%C5WX%E1%ADL%80%E8V%3C%C6%A8%DBH%2632%18%A8x%01%08%21%8DS%0B%C8%AF%96KO%CA2%B0%F1%BD%1Du%A0%86%05%92s%B0%92%C4Bc%F1w%24S%85%09%09C%AE%24%90
print(time)
print(res)
发现为bz2加密头，采用第8关用到的脚本，出现编码错误，需要将url编码转为byte，查阅发现urllib.parse中的unquote_to_bytes函数可以实现。
import bz2
import urllib.parse as prs
str=b"BZh91AY%26SY%94%3A%E2I%00%00%21%19%80P%81%11%00%AFg%9E%A0%20%00hE%3DM%B5%23%D0%D4%D1%E2%8D%06%A9%FA%26S%D4%D3%21%A1%EAi7h%9B%9A%2B%BF%60%22%C5WX%E1%ADL%80%E8V%3C%C6%A8%DBH%2632%18%A8x%01%08%21%8DS%0B%C8%AF%96KO%CA2%B0%F1%BD%1Du%A0%86%05%92s%B0%92%C4Bc%F1w%24S%85%09%09C%AE%24%90"
str= prs.unquote_to_bytes(str)
print(bz2.decompress(str))
# b'is it the 26th already? call his father and inform him that "the flowers are on their way". he\'ll understand.'
开始看不懂，后来发现这题一直在用前面的知识点，即结合13题的phone，his father应该是莫扎特的father，为Leopold Mozart
import xmlrpc.client
xmlrpc = xmlrpc.client.ServerProxy('http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/phonebook.php')
print(xmlrpc.phone('Leopold'))
#555-VIOLIN
本来还想如何传递信息the flowers are on their way，好像没必要了，得到答案。
进入http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/violin.html，不是最终结果，提示no! i mean yes! but ../stuff/violin.php.改网页为http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/stuff/violin.php，有一张leopold.jpg，还是需要传话给他，如果是post请求也不知道post什么，还是回到cookies
import requests
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/stuff/violin.php"
res=requests.get(url,headers= {'cookie':'info=the flowers are on their way'})
res.text
得到oh well, don\'t you dare to forget the balloons.，猜测最终结果
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/return/balloons.html
18
直接查看源码信息只有一张img，title:can you tell the difference，提示：<!-- it is more obvious that what you might think -->，两张图片的唯一不同就是亮度。唯一的信息传入点就是url，测试几个单词，发现brightness.html会返回图片，查看源码<!-- maybe consider deltas.gz -->，于是访问下载deltas.gz。解压出来是个2000多行的txt，里面应该含有一张图片，89 50 4E 47Png文件头。中间是一堆11，回来看这里好像有两张图片，每行中间都有一个空格，图片一左一右，右边图片好像信息多一点。思路一：打算先将两张图片都保存下来看看，然后再根据题意找不同。思路二：提取找两张图片十六进制串的不同信息。尝试输出img1，混乱，没什么信息。于是，需要找到两张图片的不同点，尝试自己直接找失败，输出第一个不同点诗歌89 50，即也存在img。自己找算法太麻烦，寻求库的帮助，在WP下发现存在difflib库中可以对比两个序列的不同，采用此方法进行复现。
import fileinput
import binascii
import difflib
img1=""
img2=""
img3=""
d1=[]
d2=[]
finput=fileinput.input("delta.txt")
for line in finput:
d1.append(line[:53]+"\n")
d2.append(line[56:])
finput.close()
compare = difflib.Differ().compare(d1,d2)
for line in compare:
data=line[2:].replace(' ','').replace('\n','').replace('+','').replace('-','')
if line[0] == '+':
img1+=data
elif line[0] == '-':
img2+=data
else:
img3+=data
f=open('test1.png',"ab")
pic=binascii.a2b_hex(img1.encode())
f.write(pic)
f.close()
f=open('test2.png',"ab")
pic=binascii.a2b_hex(img2.encode())
f.write(pic)
f.close()
f=open('test3.png',"ab")
pic=binascii.a2b_hex(img3.encode())
f.write(pic)
f.close()
采用binascii库实现16进制串转图片。
得到3张图片显示内容分别为buffer，fly,../hex/bin.html
访问www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/bin.html，账号密码分别为buffer，fly成功进入第19关
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/bin.html
19
进入网页是一张印度地图，查看源码有段音频的base64,直接base64转wav
import base64
with open("data.txt") as f:
data=f.read()
data=data.replace('\n','')
encode_string = data
wav_file = open("temp.wav", "wb")
decode_string = base64.b64decode(encode_string)
wav_file.write(decode_string)
得到的音频文件有说sorry，尝试但发现sorry不是答案，回显- "what are you apologizing for?"，然后继续找信息也没找到什么。查看网上WP,发现根据图中海水和陆地这一提示将图片倒置
音频输出you’re an idiot!，得到结果，进入http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/idiot.html得到下一个的入口。
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/idiot2.html
20
进入网站，查看源码没什么信息，就一张图片，上面写这PRIVATE PROPERTY BEYOND THIS FENCE，又有一句提示but inspecting it carefully is allowed.这道题分析了图片半天也看不出什么，最后还是参考了网上的解法，自己复现。
有个Content-Range参数，Content-Range=bytes 0-30202/2123456789。按照惯例，这么奇怪的参数应该就是突破口了，先尝试修改range为30203发现有提示Why don't you respect my privacy?\n，于是一直遍历
import urllib.request
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/unreal.jpg"
request = urllib.request.Request(url)
request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic YnV0dGVyOmZseQ==')
start=30202
while True:
try:
trange="bytes="+str(start)+"-"
start+=1
request.headers['Range'] = trange
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
print(response.read())
except:
pass
得到keywords invader ，尝试http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/invader.html，发现需要将range倒过来
import urllib.request
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/unreal.jpg"
request = urllib.request.Request(url)
request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic YnV0dGVyOmZseQ==')
start=2123456789
while True:
try:
trange="bytes="+str(start)+"-"
start-=1
request.headers['Range'] = trange
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
print(response.read())
except:
pass
得到两条message 分别为
b'esrever ni emankcin wen ruoy si drowssap eht\n'
b'and it is hiding at 1152983631.\n
第一条消息转置后为
*the password is your new nickname in reverse，第二条消息有数字1152983631
import urllib.request
url="http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/unreal.jpg"
request = urllib.request.Request(url)
request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic YnV0dGVyOmZseQ==')
start=1152983631
trange="bytes="+str(start)+"-"
request.headers['Range'] = trange
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
print(response.read())
得到PK头的字符串，写入到文件data.zip，解压密码为invalid倒置，为redavni
得到readme.txt和package.pack,查看readme.txt发现已经进入到第21关
21
上网查阅一下pack文件，其实里面就是隐藏着压缩包。发现存在两种格式分别为bz2和zlib，采用python对于模块进行解压缩，并通过文件头来判断是哪种格式。注意还存在导致的zlib压缩格式，需要将data转置再解压缩。
import zlib,bz2
file = open("package.pack",'rb').read()
def process(data):
result = ""
while True:
if data.startswith(b'x\x9c'):
data = zlib.decompress(data)
result += ' '
elif data.startswith(b'BZh'):
data = bz2.decompress(data)
result += '1'
elif data.endswith(b'\x9cx'):
data = data[::-1]
result += '\n'
else:
print(result)
return data
process(file)
得到answer为copper,即下一关url为
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/copper.html
22
进入网站，题目提示emulate表示模仿，查看源码发现存在提示 ，那就访问white.gif看看，下载white的gif看看它是不是真的全黑。
直接用cv2去读发现读不出东西，那就说明这真的是一张gif还是得用pillow，
读取每一帧并且存下来，发现有133帧
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageSequence
img = Image.open("white.gif")
i = 0
for frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(img):
frame.save("white/frame%d.png" % i)
i += 1
print(i)
保存每一帧并读取，发现并非全部像素都是黑色，每张图都有一个像素是【8,8,8】,且这个像素的x，y坐标都在100附近，猜测是通过位移来得到一个字母
import cv2
import numpy as np
image = np.zeros([200,200,3],np.uint8)
cx, cy = 0, 100
for i in range(133):
img=cv2.imread('white/frame{}.png'.format(i+1))
for i in range(200):
for j in range(200):
for k in range(3):
if(img[i][j][k]!=0):
upper,left=i,j
print(left,upper)
break
dx = (left - 100)//2
dy = (upper - 100)//2
if cx:
image[cx][cy]=[255,255,255]
cx += dx
cy += dy
if dx == dy == 0:
cx += 25
cy = 100
plt.imshow(image)
采用代码来实现，虽然好像反了，但问题不大，发现有bonus字样，得到第23关url为http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/bonus.html
23
进入网站，网页title为what is this module。应该是要用python的一个模块，查看源码有个TODO： do you owe someone an apology? now it is a good time to tell him that you are sorry. Please show good manners although it has nothing to do with this level.不是很懂，先放着。还有一句对该模块的提示，it can’t find it. this is an undocumented module. 这个模块未被记录。之前有了解过this模块，直接import是一首python小诗。
import this
'''
The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
Although practicality beats purity.
Errors should never pass silently.
Unless explicitly silenced.
In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than *right* now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
'''
在源码的最后还有一段小密文va gur snpr bs jung，猜测凯撒，跑一边，
str="va gur snpr bs jung"
for change in range(26):
res=""
for s in str:
if ord(s)+change>122:
res+=chr(ord(s)-26+change)
elif 'x'>=s>='a':
res+=chr(ord(s)+change)
else:
res+=s
print(res)
#in the face of what
得到有一个结果为in the face of what，再对照小诗中In the face of ambiguity，得到下一关为
http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/ambiguity.html
24
进入题目是一张迷宫的图片，title是from top to bottom，查看源码也没看到什么有价值的信息，题目很明确，走迷宫。
先得到出入口的位置
import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img=cv2.imread("maze.png")
print(img.shape)#(641, 641, 3)
plt.imshow(imag)
for i in range(641):
if(img[0][i][0]==0):
print("top:0 ",i)
if(img[640][i][0]==0):
print("bottom:640 ",i)
'''
bottom:640 1
top:0 639
'''
然后计算迷宫路径，开始通过CV计算，但是速度很慢，最后还算错了，最后参考教程https://www.cnblogs.com/nicole-zhang/p/15563941.html才有PIL来做
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
img = Image.open('maze.png').getdata()
width,heigth = img.size # 641 641
def RBG_notWhite(img):
nw = set()
width, height = img.size
for x in range(width):
for y in range(height):
if img.getpixel((x,y)) != (255,255,255,255):
nw.add((x,y))
return nw
nw = RBG_notWhite(img) # 不是白色的点即 可以走的路径
start = (639,0)
end = (1,640)
# 有四个方向
direction = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1)]
queue = [end]
nextPosList = {}
while True:
pos = queue.pop()
if pos == start:
break
for d in direction:
nextPos = (pos[0]+d[0], pos[1]+d[1])
if nextPos in nw and nextPos not in nextPosList:
nextPosList[nextPos] = pos
queue.append(nextPos)
newImg = Image.new(img.mode,img.size,"white")
color = []
while pos != end:
p = img.getpixel(pos)
color.append(p[0])
newImg.putpixel(pos,p)
pos = nextPosList[pos]
newImg.save("mazePath.png")
成功得到迷宫路径的图片
查看文件头，其实就是rar，于是写入
r_list = color[1::2]
r_bytes = bytes(r_list)
with open("24.rar", "wb") as file:
file.write(r_bytes)
得到压缩包，解压得到maze.jpg和mybroken.zip
得到下一关为http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/hex/lake.html
335
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