使用Eureka注册服务的项目搭建

1.搭建Maven父项目

创建一个Maven父项目microservice-springcloud,删除src项目，配置pom.xml文件，添加依赖。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.lz.jiaotong</groupId>
    <artifactId>microservice-springcloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>microsevice-eureka-server</module>
        <module>microservice-eureka-user</module>
        <module>microservice-eureka-order</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.build.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.outputEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.14.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath />
    </parent>
<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Dalston.SR5</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2.搭建服务端工程

在父项目microservice-springcloud，创建Maven子模块microservice-eureka-server作为服务端工程，是一个基础的Spring Boot工程。

(1)添加依赖：在pom.xml中添加Eureka Server的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservice-springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lz.jiaotong</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>microsevice-eureka-server</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Java9以后的版本中，默认没有加载JAXB。需要手动加载jaxb模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

(2)编写配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone:
       #注册中心的地址 http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

(3)修改服务端JAVA代码，添加注解@EnableEurekaServer该注解声明标注类是一个Eureka Server。EurekaApplication类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
    }
}

(4)启动应用，在浏览器访问http://localhost:8761/查看Eureka信息面板

3.搭建客户端工程

在父项目microservice-springcloud，创建Maven子模块microservice-eureka-user作为客户端工程，是一个基础的Spring Boot工程。

(1)在pom.xml添加eureka依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservice-springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lz.jiaotong</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>microservice-eureka-user</artifactId>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

(2)编写配置文件application.yml.添加Eureka服务实例的端口号，服务端地址等信息。添加的时候注意格式。

server:
  port: 8000  #指定Eureka实例的端口号
eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true  #显示主机的ip
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/     #指定Eureka服务端地址
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-eureka-user   #指定应用名称

(3)修改客户端代，码添加注解@EnableEurekaClient,该注解声明标注类是一个Eureka客户端组件。Application类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RestController
public class Application {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String home(){
        return "Hello World!";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

(4)启动应用，查看信息。分别启动服务端和客户端工程。在浏览器中访问地址http://localhost:8761/

4.实现服务间的调用

1.搭建订单服务工程

在父项目microservice-springcloud，创建Maven子模块microservice-eureka-order。

(1)在pom.xml中添加依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>microservice-springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lz.jiaotong</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>microservice-eureka-order</artifactId>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

(2)编写配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 7900  #指定该Eureka实例的端口号
eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true  #是否显示主机ip
  client:
    service-url: http://localhost:8761/eureka/     #指定Eureka服务端地址
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-eureka-order   #指定应用名称

(3)创建订单实体类

public class Order {
    private String id;
    private Double price;
    private String receiverName;
    private String receiverAddress;
    private String receiverPhone;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getReceiverPhone() {
        return receiverPhone;
    }
    public void setReceiverPhone(String receiverPhone) {
        this.receiverPhone = receiverPhone;
    }
    public String getReceiverName() {
        return receiverName;
    }
    public void setReceiverName(String receiverName) {
        this.receiverName = receiverName;
    }
    public String getReceiverAddress() {
        return receiverAddress;
    }
    public void setReceiverAddress(String receiverAddress) {
        this.receiverAddress = receiverAddress;
    }
    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Order{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", receiverName='" + receiverName + '\'' +
                ", receiverAddress='" + receiverAddress + '\'' +
                ", receiverPhone='" + receiverPhone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

(4)创建订单的控制器类，在该类中模拟编写一个通过id查询订单的方法。

import com.lz.jiaotong.po.Order;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class OrderController {
    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public String findOrderById(@PathVariable String id){
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setId("123");
        order.setPrice(23.5);
        order.setReceiverName("Tom");
        order.setReceiverAddress("beijing");
        order.setReceiverPhone("11112221");
        return order.toString();
    }
}

(5)在引导类中添加@EnableEurekaClient注解。

2.编写用户服务功能

(1)在microservice-eureka-user工程引导类中，创建RestTemplate的Spring实例。

RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端实例，提供了多种便捷访问Http服务的方法，大大提高客户端的编写效率。

@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
    return new RestTemplate();
}

(2)创建用户的控制器类，在该类中编写查询方法。

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("findOrdersByUser/{id}")
    public String findOrdersByUser(@PathVariable String id){
        int oid=123;
        return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:7900/order/"+oid,String.class);
    }
}

3.启动服务应用，测试服务调用

访问地址http://localhost:8000/findOrdersByUser/123