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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 14:15:32 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 14:15:32 发布

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分类专栏：文章笔记 SpringCloudAlibaba 文章标签：数据库 mysql java spring cloud sentinel

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45881937/article/details/130241891

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本文详述了如何整合SpringCloud Alibaba的各个组件，包括Nacos的配置与使用，OpenFeign的集成与日志监控，Ribbon的负载均衡，LoadBalancer的实现，Sentinel的限流熔断策略，以及Sentinel Dashboard的配置与流量控制。此外，还介绍了SpringCloud Gateway的路由规则和过滤器，以及JJWT认证的整合，最后讲解了Nacos作为配置中心的配置与刷新机制。

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SpringCloud Alibaba

整合 Nacos

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使用内嵌数据库直接进行启动（参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45881937/article/details/108297306?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501）

使用 mysql 数据库持久化。

先创建数据库（数据库表脚本在Nacos 包下conf 目录中，mysql-schema.sql ）

修改配置文件（修改同级别目录下，application.properties 配置文件）

// 修改配置文件中 的配置


#
# Copyright 1999-2021 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#

#*************** Spring Boot Related Configurations ***************#
### Default web context path:
server.servlet.contextPath=/nacos
### Include message field
server.error.include-message=ALWAYS
### Default web server port:
server.port=8848

#*************** Network Related Configurations ***************#
### If prefer hostname over ip for Nacos server addresses in cluster.conf:
# nacos.inetutils.prefer-hostname-over-ip=false

### Specify local server's IP:
# nacos.inetutils.ip-address=


#*************** Config Module Related Configurations ***************#
### If use MySQL as datasource:
## 声明配置数据库 为mysql
spring.datasource.platform=mysql

### Count of DB:
db.num=1

## 数据库配置
### Connect URL of DB:
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/atrox_nacos?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
db.user=
db.password=

### Connection pool configuration: hikariCP
db.pool.config.connectionTimeout=30000
db.pool.config.validationTimeout=10000
db.pool.config.maximumPoolSize=20
db.pool.config.minimumIdle=2

#*************** Naming Module Related Configurations ***************#

### If enable data warmup. If set to false, the server would accept request without local data preparation:
# nacos.naming.data.warmup=true

### If enable the instance auto expiration, kind like of health check of instance:
# nacos.naming.expireInstance=true

### Add in 2.0.0
### The interval to clean empty service, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.clean.empty-service.interval=60000

### The expired time to clean empty service, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.clean.empty-service.expired-time=60000

### The interval to clean expired metadata, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.clean.expired-metadata.interval=5000

### The expired time to clean metadata, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.clean.expired-metadata.expired-time=60000

### The delay time before push task to execute from service changed, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskDelay=500

### The timeout for push task execute, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskTimeout=5000

### The delay time for retrying failed push task, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.push.pushTaskRetryDelay=1000

### Since 2.0.3
### The expired time for inactive client, unit: milliseconds.
# nacos.naming.client.expired.time=180000

#*************** CMDB Module Related Configurations ***************#
### The interval to dump external CMDB in seconds:
# nacos.cmdb.dumpTaskInterval=3600

### The interval of polling data change event in seconds:
# nacos.cmdb.eventTaskInterval=10

### The interval of loading labels in seconds:
# nacos.cmdb.labelTaskInterval=300

### If turn on data loading task:
# nacos.cmdb.loadDataAtStart=false


#*************** Metrics Related Configurations ***************#
### Metrics for prometheus
#management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*

### Metrics for elastic search
management.metrics.export.elastic.enabled=false
#management.metrics.export.elastic.host=http://localhost:9200

### Metrics for influx
management.metrics.export.influx.enabled=false
#management.metrics.export.influx.db=springboot
#management.metrics.export.influx.uri=http://localhost:8086
#management.metrics.export.influx.auto-create-db=true
#management.metrics.export.influx.consistency=one
#management.metrics.export.influx.compressed=true

#*************** Access Log Related Configurations ***************#
### If turn on the access log:
server.tomcat.accesslog.enabled=true

### The access log pattern:
server.tomcat.accesslog.pattern=%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b %D %{User-Agent}i %{Request-Source}i

### The directory of access log:
server.tomcat.basedir=file:.

#*************** Access Control Related Configurations ***************#
### If enable spring security, this option is deprecated in 1.2.0:
#spring.security.enabled=false

### The ignore urls of auth
nacos.security.ignore.urls=/,/error,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-ui/public/**,/v1/auth/**,/v1/console/health/**,/actuator/**,/v1/console/server/**

### The auth system to use, currently only 'nacos' and 'ldap' is supported:
nacos.core.auth.system.type=nacos

### If turn on auth system:
nacos.core.auth.enabled=true

### Turn on/off caching of auth information. By turning on this switch, the update of auth information would have a 15 seconds delay.
nacos.core.auth.caching.enabled=true

### Since 1.4.1, Turn on/off white auth for user-agent: nacos-server, only for upgrade from old version.
nacos.core.auth.enable.userAgentAuthWhite=false

### Since 1.4.1, worked when nacos.core.auth.enabled=true and nacos.core.auth.enable.userAgentAuthWhite=false.
### The two properties is the white list for auth and used by identity the request from other server.
nacos.core.auth.server.identity.key=serverIdentity
nacos.core.auth.server.identity.value=security

### worked when nacos.core.auth.system.type=nacos
### The token expiration in seconds:
nacos.core.auth.plugin.nacos.token.expire.seconds=18000
### The default token (Base64 String):
### 密钥内容  新版本 要求zi
nacos.core.auth.plugin.nacos.token.secret.key=

### worked when nacos.core.auth.system.type=ldap，{0} is Placeholder,replace login username
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.url=ldap://localhost:389
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.basedc=dc=example,dc=org
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.userDn=cn=admin,${nacos.core.auth.ldap.basedc}
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.password=admin
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.userdn=cn={0},dc=example,dc=org
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.filter.prefix=uid
#nacos.core.auth.ldap.case.sensitive=true


#*************** Istio Related Configurations ***************#
### If turn on the MCP server:
nacos.istio.mcp.server.enabled=false

#*************** Core Related Configurations ***************#

### set the WorkerID manually
# nacos.core.snowflake.worker-id=

### Member-MetaData
# nacos.core.member.meta.site=
# nacos.core.member.meta.adweight=
# nacos.core.member.meta.weight=

### MemberLookup
### Addressing pattern category, If set, the priority is highest
# nacos.core.member.lookup.type=[file,address-server]
## Set the cluster list with a configuration file or command-line argument
# nacos.member.list=192.168.16.101:8847?raft_port=8807,192.168.16.101?raft_port=8808,192.168.16.101:8849?raft_port=8809
## for AddressServerMemberLookup
# Maximum number of retries to query the address server upon initialization
# nacos.core.address-server.retry=5
## Server domain name address of [address-server] mode
# address.server.domain=jmenv.tbsite.net
## Server port of [address-server] mode
# address.server.port=8080
## Request address of [address-server] mode
# address.server.url=/nacos/serverlist

#*************** JRaft Related Configurations ***************#

### Sets the Raft cluster election timeout, default value is 5 second
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.election_timeout_ms=5000
### Sets the amount of time the Raft snapshot will execute periodically, default is 30 minute
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.snapshot_interval_secs=30
### raft internal worker threads
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.core_thread_num=8
### Number of threads required for raft business request processing
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.cli_service_thread_num=4
### raft linear read strategy. Safe linear reads are used by default, that is, the Leader tenure is confirmed by heartbeat
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.read_index_type=ReadOnlySafe
### rpc request timeout, default 5 seconds
# nacos.core.protocol.raft.data.rpc_request_timeout_ms=5000

#*************** Distro Related Configurations ***************#

### Distro data sync delay time, when sync task delayed, task will be merged for same data key. Default 1 second.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.delayMs=1000

### Distro data sync timeout for one sync data, default 3 seconds.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.timeoutMs=3000

### Distro data sync retry delay time when sync data failed or timeout, same behavior with delayMs, default 3 seconds.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.sync.retryDelayMs=3000

### Distro data verify interval time, verify synced data whether expired for a interval. Default 5 seconds.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.verify.intervalMs=5000

### Distro data verify timeout for one verify, default 3 seconds.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.verify.timeoutMs=3000

### Distro data load retry delay when load snapshot data failed, default 30 seconds.
# nacos.core.protocol.distro.data.load.retryDelayMs=30000

### enable to support prometheus service discovery
#nacos.prometheus.metrics.enabled=true

整合 OpenFeign

OpenFeign 与 Feign

Feign 是一个开源声明式 WebService 客户端，用于简化服务通信

Feign 采用 ”接口+ 注解“ 方式开发，屏蔽了网络通信的细节

OpenFeign 是SpringCloud 对 Feign 的增强，用于简化 Feign 开发

相关注解及依赖

依赖

     <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.5</version>
        </dependency>

// 注解，标识在启动类上，表示 为 OpenFeign 客户端
@EnableFeignClients
// 在创建 用于提供与其他服务交互的服务类，声明该类 为客户端
@Component
@FeignClient("atrox_api")  // 声明这是一个 OpenFeign 客户端
// 在类中，使用 GetMapping 使用 该方法
@GetMapping

（注： OpenFeign 与SpringCloud Alibaba, Nacos 集成时，需要注意版本问题，否则会导致其创建 Bean 失败，或是通信失败，Nacos 集成OpenFeign，版本中可能出现携带Ribbon 与spring-cloud-loadbalancer 冲突的问题）

测试通过正常版本依赖

SpringBoot 版本为 2.6.13

<!--Nacos--> 
<dependency>
          <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
          <version>2021.0.1.0</version>
          <exclusions>
              <exclusion>
                  <groupId>com.netflix.ribbon</groupId>
                  <artifactId>ribbon</artifactId>
              </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
      </dependency>
<!--openFeign-->
<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.1</version>

      </dependency>
<!--SpringCloud LoadBalancer-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.1</version>
      </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies -->
<!--SpringCloud Alibaba 依赖-->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
              <version>2021.0.5.0</version>
              <type>pom</type>
          </dependency>

例：

// 在 调用者 启动类上 声明  OpenFeignn 客户端
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class AtroxWebApplication {
   

    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        SpringApplication.run(AtroxWebApplication.class, args);
    }

}

// 在调用者服务里面 声明  OpenFeign 调用
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "atroxdb")
public interface DBOpenFeign {
   

    @GetMapping("/test")
    public List<Atuser> selectAll();

}

@CrossOrigin
@RestController
public class WebTestController {
   

    @Resource
    DBOpenFeign dbOpenFeign;


    @GetMapping("/webtest")
    public List<Atuser> test(){
   
        System.out.println("33333");
        List<Atuser> list=dbOpenFeign.selectAll